Volume 45 ·  Issue 08 ·  2009

The technologies about cataract surgery and intraocular lens has been developing expeditiously.However,some problems have been occurring and should be corrected.Cataract blindness can not restore the sight after surgery has been performed still existed.Some new technologies blindly introduced and applied.The comprehension about individualized selection of intraocular lens still has some bias.To solve the above problems and to hold rhythm of popularizing new techniques and to stick the key points of the technologies may healthily promote and advance the cataract surgery in China.

Clinical application of accommodative and multifocal intraocular lens (IOL) were comparatively successful in recent years.However, we must notice the limitations of these kinds of IOL and the related elinical problems, such as very limited accommodative ability of accommodative IOL and glare or haloes and reduced contrast sensitivity of multifocal IOL.We must pay attention to these clinical problems from these IOL and the unexpected prognosis of these kinds of lens.We must choose the indications strictly,and avoid the misuse.

Posterior capsule opacification is the most frequent complication of pediatric cataract surgery.To prevent posterior capsule opacification,primary phacoemulsification,posterior capsulotomy and anterior vitrectomy with intraocular lens implantation is the preferred method in the treatment of pediatric cataract.Anterior vitrectomy cutter,with 18-gauge,maximum frequency at 600/min and has simultaneous cutting,irrigation and aspiration functions,is associated with more complications and poor outcomes.In 20gauge surgery, pars plana vitrectomy is performed with two-port sclerotomy.The irrigation increases movement of vitreous and 20-gauge sclerotomy needs suture for closing.In 25-gauge surgery,the vitreous cutter can be introduced into the vitreous cavity directly though conjunctiva and sclera.The stab incision is roughly half the size of 20-gauge cutter,therefore,the slcerotomy incision can be left unsutured.Surgery with dry transconjunctival sutureless 25-gauge vitrectomy may decrease the requirement for secondary membrane surgery and the risk for retinal detachment.The application of dry transconjunctival sutureless 25gauge vitrectomy in the treatment of pediatric cataract is reviewed.

In order to promote the scientific and technological journals sponsored by CAST and its affiliated national societies to better serve the independent innovation of science and technology, strengthen the academic exchange function, promote the implementation of the strategy of fine scientific and technological journals, improve the core competitiveness of scientific and technological journals, and improve the ability of national societies to serve the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education and strengthening the country through talents, CAST has organized and implemented the application and evaluation of projects funded by fine scientific and technological journals since 2006. This journal was successively awarded the First Phase of Excellent Science and Technology Periodicals Project from 2006 to 2008, and in 2009, it was again awarded the Second Phase of Excellent Science and Technology Periodicals Project Class B Project from the Association for Science and Technology. There are 45 kinds of journals supported this time. Among them, there are 5 types of Class A (subsidized by 250,000 yuan), 40 types of Class B (subsidized by 150,000 yuan), and 100 types of non-subsidized journals.

China Medical Electronic Audio and Video Publishing House is a medical professional electronic video publishing unit with independent legal personality under the supervision of the Ministry of Health and sponsored by the Chinese Medical Association. Our society gives full play to the advantages of the Chinese Medical Association and uses electronic audio and video products as the medium to spread new medical technologies, popularize medical and health knowledge, promote academic exchanges and raise public health awareness.

In order to strengthen the academic exchange of ophthalmology at home and abroad, expand the international vision of domestic ophthalmologists, and promote the integration of domestic ophthalmology with international standards as soon as possible, the Health Express Peizhen Network (www.lxlearn.com) has been specially established. The training network will serve all domestic ophthalmologists in the form of public welfare.

Approved by the General Administration of Press and Publication of the State, Chinese Journal of Clinical Nutrition officially became one of the series of journals of Chinese Medical Association in March 2009, and was renamed as Chinese Journal of Clinical Nutrition (CN11-5822/R). Chinese Journal of Clinical Nutrition, founded in 1993, is a professional academic journal in the field of clinical nutrition in China. It is a journal of Chinese Science and Technology Statistics Source Journal (Chinese Science and Technology Core Journal), Chinese Knowledge Resource Database, Chinese Academic Journal Comprehensive Evaluation Database and Chinese Biomedical Literature CD-ROM Database. It has also been included in internationally renowned retrieval systems such as American Chemical Abstracts (CA), American Cambridge Scientific Abstracts (Natural Sciences) (CSA Nat Sci) and Dutch Medical Abstracts (EM) database.

As a journal with strong academic strength and extensive academic influence in ophthalmology in China, in order to better serve the majority of ophthalmologists in China, strengthen clinicians' cognition of various ophthalmology surgical concepts, surgical standards and surgical effects, and thus promote the development and improvement of clinical surgical skills in China, Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology will hold a series of select activities of Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology for ophthalmologists all over the country. The participating materials are surgical videos, and the evaluation committee of the activity is composed of the editorial board of relevant majors of Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology. Based on the principle of fairness and justice, the academic level is the leading factor, and the participating materials are evaluated according to the standardization of operation, skills, difficulty, excitement and other items. The results of the selection will be announced and awarded at the National Academy of Ophthalmology, and published in Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology in written form. Some or all of the selected surgical videos will be included in the CD-ROM of Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology for distribution.

In order to improve the writing level of authors' medical papers, especially English medical papers, the English edition of Chinese Medical Journal of Chinese Medical Association is scheduled to hold a "National Medical Paper Writing Seminar" in Jinan from August 28 to 30, 2009. The seminar invites domestic experts with rich experience in reviewing, submitting and writing in English to teach the following contents: (1) How to write Chinese (English) medical papers (treatises, reviews, case reports) that are easily accepted by magazines; (2) The production of figures and tables in medical papers; (3) How to report clinical randomized controlled trials; (4) Management of medical paper references; (5) Ethical issues in essay writing; (6) Copyright knowledge, repeated publication and secondary publication issues; (7) Precautions for submitting articles to domestic and foreign medical journals; (8) Manuscript processing procedures of world-class medical journals; (9) Clinical trial registration.

With the development of society and economy, visual quality has obviously affected the quality of life of patients, which is increasingly concerned by the society. The rapid development of science and technology has laid the foundation for the continuous renewal of ophthalmic equipment and drugs, and improved the level of clinical diagnosis and treatment. Bausch & Lomb Eye Surgery Products Company of the United States continues to provide professional medical equipment for ophthalmology clinics. Among them, the excimer laser 2172100 refractive correction system has a relatively comprehensive individualized treatment technology, and its clinical effect has been recognized by ophthalmologists and patients;

China's National Continuing Medical Education Base of Ophthalmology (Sun Yat-sen Ophthalmology Center of Sun Yat-sen University) will hold a continuing medical education base project study class in November, and the new progress study class number of ophthalmology is J9-09-01.

With the extensive application of excimer laser refractive corneal surgery in clinical practice, more and more ophthalmologists and researchers pay more attention to the evaluation of its clinical effect, and further focus on the research of its basic theory. In recent years, ophthalmologists have gained rich experience in excimer laser treatment of ocular refractive errors. In order to further promote the development of excimer laser treatment technology, the Ministry of Continuing Education of Chinese Medical Association plans to hold the "2009 7th Excimer Laser Refractive Keratophysical Surgery Symposium of Chinese Medical Association" in Guangzhou in October 2009. During the conference, a training course on excimer laser certification renewal and assessment of large-scale medical equipment will be held. It is hoped that relevant professionals from various hospitals will actively contribute and participate in the conference. The relevant matters are hereby notified as follows.

Beijing Tongren Eye Center of Beijing Tongren Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University will hold a study class on clinical difficult fitting technology in Beijing from October 16 to 18, 2009. The content of the lecture involves the progress of refractive dote technology, RGP fitting, prism fitting, plastic press lens fitting, progressive multifocal glasses fitting, selection and application of multifocal intraocular lens, etc. Open case reports and discussions are arranged during the study period. Participants are welcome to attend. Please submit case reports to the contact person at the time of registration for advance arrangement. At the end of the study, students will receive 6 points of continuing medical education credits at the Zhou family level.

In clinical work practice, ophthalmologists' understanding of various neuro-ophthalmic diseases is constantly improving. They no longer only focus on local changes in the eye, but pay more attention to its relationship with systemic diseases, especially nervous system-related diseases. Overall observation, diagnosis and treatment. However, because there are still few ophthalmologists engaged in this specialty in China, and they are only concentrated in a few large ophthalmology institutions, and there is still a lack of professional systematic training as a whole, ophthalmologists' insufficient understanding of neuroophthalmology diseases often leads to clinical missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis. In order to enable many ophthalmologists to deeply understand and learn the marginal discipline of neuroophthalmology and actively promote the development of this discipline, the Department of Ophthalmology of Peking Union Medical College Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and this journal will jointly hold the "National Study Class on Clinical and Basic New Progress of Neuroophthalmology" in Beijing in early November 2009.

With the approval of Ophthalmology Branch of Chinese Medical Association, the 11th National Academic Conference on Corneal and Ocular Surface Diseases and the 2nd National Conference on Corneal Refractive Surgery will be held in Qingdao, Shandong Province in early June 2010. The Keratology Group of Ophthalmology Branch of Chinese Medical Association and Shandong Institute of Ophthalmology, the organizer of the conference, sincerely invite domestic and foreign ophthalmologists, colleagues and ophthalmology business people to attend.

1. Statistical symbols: According to the relevant provisions of GB 3358.1982 ((Statistical Nouns and Symbols), all statistical symbols are printed in italics. Commonly used: (1) The arithmetic mean of the sample is in English lowercase X ↑ (-) (median is in M); (2) Standard deviation is in English lowercase s; (3) Standard misuse of English lowercase Tun; (4) t test is in English lowercase t; (5) F test is in English capital F; (6) Chi-square test is in Greek lowercase X ^ 2; (7) The correlation coefficient is lowercase r in English; (8) Degrees of freedom in lowercase in Greek "; (9) The probability is capitalized P in English (specific test values should be given before the P value, such as t value, X^2 value, q value, etc.).

The Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology was founded on October 1, 1950. It was sponsored by the Chinese Medical Association and edited by the Editorial Committee of the Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology. The editorial committee is composed of nearly 100 well-known ophthalmologists in China. The current editor-in-chief Zhao Jialiang and the editorial director Huang Yibin. The main readers of this journal are ophthalmologists across the country, and it is publicly distributed at home and abroad. China Standard Issue Number: ISSN0412-4081, CN11-2142/R; Postal Code: 2-60; National map code: M93. The Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology has always implemented the principles and policies of the Party and the state on health work, implemented the principle of combining theory with practice, popularization and improvement, reported the major progress and innovative achievements of clinical and scientific research in ophthalmology in China, and promoted academic exchanges in ophthalmology at home and abroad. This journal is arranged according to international standards, and printed with English copyright pages, contents, abstracts, etc. All the accepted manuscripts are published and distributed in three forms: paper, CD-ROM and online electronic journals. We regularly exchange magazines with more than 30 countries and regions such as the United States, Britain and Japan.

The main columns of this journal in 2009 include expert reviews, focus forums, academic controversies, treatises, short treatises, technical exchanges, case reports, clinical case discussions, ophthalmology management, picture essence, review, continuing education garden, test questions analysis, historical records of Chinese ophthalmology, conference (discussion) minutes, academic trends, discussion of standards and norms, talent exchanges, book reviews, etc. Among them, the manuscripts of expert reviews and continuing education garden are mainly invited manuscripts, while the manuscripts of other columns are free submissions.

With the development and improvement of clinical diagnosis technology, the role of all kinds of ophthalmology clinical pictures in disease diagnosis has been paid more and more attention. In order to encourage clinical accumulation of relevant data, promote experience exchange, improve clinical diagnosis and treatment technology, provide a new platform for academic exchange for readers, and at the same time enrich the content and form of this journal to better serve the majority of ophthalmologists, Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology continued to open the "Picture Essence" column in 2009. The submitted pictures can be arranged according to the types of cases or diagnostic techniques, and related instructions can be attached to clarify the arrangement method of the pictures, the purpose, environment, method, technique and significance of shooting, etc. Pictures should highlight the characteristics of essence, and each picture should have a detailed text description. Ophthalmologists across the country are welcome to contribute enthusiastically.

In order to speed up the processing of manuscripts, this journal adopts online submission at http: / /www.cma.org.cn/ywzx/ywzx.asp, or log on to the website of Chinese Medical Association (http: / /www.cma.org.cn) and click "Business Center". When the author submits a manuscript for the first time, he needs to log in to the website and register. After successful registration and activation of the account, he can submit a manuscript online. This website can also be used for the author to inquire about the handling of the manuscript online.

In order to comply with the development trend of network and digitalization of journals and provide high-quality services for authors and readers, the Journal of Chinese Medical Association has developed a remote manuscript management system. The system is designed according to the business requirements of manuscript processing process, editing and processing specification, manuscript review system and management specification of Chinese Medical Association series magazines. It adopts advanced database and network technology, and has strong data processing and analysis ability.

Xiamen Ophthalmology Center affiliated to Xiamen University is a non-profit hospital integrating medical treatment, scientific research, teaching, blindness prevention and other businesses, a sister center of Singapore National Ophthalmology Center, and a third-class ophthalmology hospital in Fujian. For the better development of the Centre, the following elites are specially recruited:

At present, cataract surgery has been improved day by day, and posterior lens capsule opacity, also called posterior cataract, is still the focus of prevention and treatment. In recent years, it has been found that cinobufagin can inhibit the proliferation of liver cancer cells, lung cancer cells, laryngeal cancer cells and other cells, and has been widely used in the clinical treatment of tumor. Its characteristics are safe and small toxic and side effects [1].

The "fast track" paper must be innovative, important and scientific, and the early El publication of the paper will have a significant impact on clinical and scientific research work. Requirements for "fast track" paper submission: (1) When the author submits a manuscript online, he should provide application materials explaining the reasons why the paper needs to be published through the "fast track". (2) The author provides the "novelty search report" issued by provincial and above libraries or medical information research institutes.

Phacoemulsification combined with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation has become a standard surgical procedure for cataract. However, if the posterior lens capsule ruptures during the surgery, IOL implantation must be abandoned and other methods must be adopted [1], such as anterior chamber iris fixation, posterior chamber iris fixation or posterior chamber scleral suture fixation, etc. Angle support IOL implantation is relatively simple, with few intraocular operating steps, less intraocular interference, no special instruments and equipment, and is easy to master and implement. It is a commonly used method when the surgical conditions are limited. However, some complications may occur when the surgical conditions are limited, such as pupil deformation, intraocular pressure increase, uveitis, even retinal detachment and corneal endothelial decompensation.

In recent years, the prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases has increased. Usually, these patients are first diagnosed in dermatology or internal medicine, and the first symptoms in ophthalmology are rare, and there is a lack of typical and specific clinical manifestations.

The patient was a 19-year-old female who went to the Department of Ophthalmology of Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital on November 27, 2007 because her left eyeball gradually became smaller for 14 years. The patient had no history of epiphora and dry eye in both eyes. Her parents were not intimate relatives, her mother had no history of disease or medication during pregnancy, and no history of genetic diseases in her family. No abnormalities were found in the whole body examination. There was no scar on the eyelid, the conjunctiva was not congested, the whole cornea was porcelain white and turbid, with a few new blood vessels. The cornea diameter was about 8 mm, and the endoscopy was unclear; The diameter of the eyeball is about 16 mm; The lacrimal dots of the lower eyelid and lacrimal duct are shown in the essence picture 1. The lacrimal dots of the upper eyelid and lacrimal duct irrigation are normal.

Intraocular infection in cataract surgery is a serious and devastating complication of visual acuity. At the beginning of the 20th century, its incidence rate was as high as 10%. At present, with the improvement of disinfection, surgical methods and antibiotics application, most statistics show that its incidence rate has dropped to 0.015% ~0.360% [1-2]. In China, Liu Yuhua and Liu Yizhi [3] reported that 7998 cases (0.21%) of suppurative endophthalmitis occurred during phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation, and the incidence rate was 0.02% [4].

Objective To compare the visual outcomes and subjective parameters in patients who underwent implantation of ReSTOR apodized diffractive multifocal intraocular lens on bilateral eyes with those in pailents who had monofocal intraocular lens in cataract surgery.Methods Retrospective observational case series.50 eyes of 25 patients received ReSTOR multifocal intraocular lens (multifocal group)and 56 eyes of 28 patients taken implantation of Natural monofocal intraocular lens (monofocal group) participated in the study.The distance and near visual acuity were compared,as well as contrast and glare sensitivity.Visual symptom and spectacle dependence were assessed using a standardized questionnaire.The minimal follow-up was 3 months.Results An uncorrected distance visual acuity of 0.6 or beRer was achieved in 94% of eyes in multifocal group and 96% in the monofocal group,respectively(X2=0.347,P＞0.05).Uncorrected near visual acuity was J3 or better in 88% of eyes in the multifocal group and 13% in the monofocal group(X2=60.315,P＜0.01).Best distant corrected near visual acuity was Jr3 or better in 90% of eyes in the multifocal group and 11% in the monofocal group(X2=66.515,P＜0.01).No significant difference in contrast and glare sensitivity was found between the groups (P＞0.05).Glare was reported as severe in 12% of the multifocal group and 7% of the monofocal group,respectively(X2=0. 365,P＞0.05).Halo was reported as severe in 8% of the multifocal group and 4% of the monofocal group,respectively(X2=0.485,P＞0.05).96% of patients in both groups never had to wear glasses for the distant purpose (X2=0.007,P＞0.05),and 80% in multifocal group and 11% in monofocal group never had to wear glases, for the near purpose(X2=25.811,P＜0.01).Conclusion The ReSTOR apodized diffractive intraocular lens provided predictably excellent uncorrected distance and near visual acuities,and obtained satisfactory quality of vision.Spectacle independence was significantly higher with this multifocal intraocular lens.

Objective To explore the effects of vitrectomy combined with silicone oil injection on the treatment of postoperative endophthalmitis following cataract surgery without intraocular lens removal,and to analyze the relative factors.Methods This was a retrospective case serise study.Clinical data of 7 eyes of 7 patients with postoperative endophthalmitis following cataract surgery underwent the treatment of vitrectomy combined with silicone oil injection without intraocular lens removal from 2003 to 2008 were collected.The outcomes of vision,slit lamp examination, direct and indirect ophthalmoscopy,IOP,and B-scan were observed,and the snrgical effects were analyzed.Results Five patients were male, and 2 patients were female.The age ranged from 67.0 to 84.0 years with a mean of 70.0±4.5.The onset of endophthalmitis ranged from 1 to 3 days with a mean of 2 days.Silicone oil was removed in 5 eyes 3 to 6 months postoperatively.Preoperative visual acuity ranged from non light perception to hand moving.The mean preoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) was (35.0±0.5)mmHg with a range from 35.0 to 56.0 mmHg.Follow-up periods ranged from 6 to 43 months with a mean of (10±6) months.Postoperative visual acuity ranged from non light perception to 0.8.Postoperative vision increased in 6 eyes (865%),and was stable in 1 eye (14%).The mean postoperative IOP was (18.0±1.5) mmHg with a range from 10.0 to 20.0 mmHg,this was significantly lower than that preoperatively (t=1.94,p＜0.05).Postoperative complications mainly included fibrous exudates in the anterior chamber at early stage after the surgery (7 eyes) and temporary intraocular pressure elevation(1 eye).There was no retinal detachment and atrophia bulbi.Conclusion Vitrectomy combined with silicone oil iniection may be a safe and effective method in treating postoperative endophthalmitis following cataract surgery without intraocular lens removal.

Objective To describe the initial surgical experience and report the safety and feasibility of dry pars plana capsulotomy and anterior vitrectomy using a 25-gauge vitrectomy system in pediatric cataract surgery.Methods This Was a prospective case series study.After anterior continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis (ACCC) and phacoemulsification with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation in the capsule for all patients,a pars plana capsulotomy and anterior vitrectomy Was performed with a 25-gauge vitrectomy system using a dry technique in 40 eyes of 30 children with cataracts.Results All procedures were uneventful and all IOLs were implanted in the capsular bag.No intraoperative complications were noted attributable to the small-gauge instruments.The average follow-up period was eight months (range,4 to 30).Postoperative intraocular pressure remalned stable in most cases, except two eyes (5%) with transient hypotony during the first day after surgery.The postoperative inflammatory response Was mild.Ultrasound biomicroscopy showed complete healing of the sclerotomy at four weeks after surgery.No posterior synechia,posterior capsule opacification,IOL capture,vitreous prolapse,choroidal detachment or retinal detachment was observed throughout the follow-up period. Conclusions Dry pars plana capsulotomy and anterior vitrectomy using a 25-gauge vitrectomy system is safe and effective for the management of posterior lens capsules and anterior vitreous in pediatric cataract surgery.Prospective and comparative study is recommended to evaluate this procedure and traditional method.

Objective The aim of this study was to reveal the genetic defect of the autosomal dominant inheritance cataract in a Chinese pedigree.Methods Case-control study.There were 26 individuals investigated with clinical examination in a Chinese four generations pedigree.The genome DNA of the individuals was extracted bv the improved NaI method.The exons of six cataract candidate genes in 204 normal controls and 42 senile cataract patients were screened for the mutation by PCR restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) methods.Results The phenotype of the cataract was pulvemlent nuclear cataract.A novel C/T transition at nucleotide position 827 was identified in the GJA8 gene that led to a serine to phenylalanine change in coden 276.This mutation was not found in 42 senile cataract patients and in 204 controls.Four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were also found in a cataract candidate gene in the family members.Conclusions A Hovel GJA8 gene mutation was found in a Chinese autosomal dominant inheritance cataract pedigree.A substitution.C276T in GJA8 gene.was identified as the most likely causalive mutation underlying the phenotype of pulverulent nuclear cataract in all affected family members.

Objective Fibrillin-1,the major constituent of extracellular microfibrils,plays an important role in the molecular pathogenesis of Marfan syndrome (MFS,#154700).The aim of this study was to analyze protein models of the mutation of the fibrillin-1(FBN1) gene on Arg545Cys and Arg1530Cys which have been reported to cause predominant ectopia lentis in Chinese patients. Methods We constructed and analyzed the protein models of the mutant FBN1 gene on Arg545Cys and Arg1530Cys.Fibrillin-1 protein structures were predicted by SWISS-MODEL.Models were viewed in Swiss-Pdb Viewer.Results Computer construction and analysis of protein models of the mutant FBN1 gene revealed that the mutant Arg545Cys FBN1 protein had various changes on protein's secondary structure with an absence of a helix, decreased hydrogen bond distance,different protein surface solvent-aecessibility and decreased negative electrostatic potential.The mutant Arg1530Cys FBN1 showed lost of hydrogen bonds,different protein surface solvent-accessibility and increased negative electrostatic potential.Conclusions Protein models of the mutant FBN1 gene shows significant alterations on the protein's secondary structure based on computer construction and analysis technology.This study provides further evidence for the important effect of the mutant FBN1 on the pathogenesis of human ectopia lentis.

Objective To study the water soluble and insoluble lens proteins in contusion cataract of rat model, and to study the influence of heat shock (thermotolerance) or quercetin (heat shock protein inhibitor) on the lens proteins.Methods Spragne-Dawley (SD) rats were randomized into four groups(6in each group):(1) A group,control group.(2) B group,contusion group.(3) C group,heat shock group.(4)D group,quercetin group.In contusion group,contusion of eyes was induced by dropping steel ball against the eyeball (20 g ball dropped from 20 cm height for 100 times each week for 5 weeks).In heat shock group, heat shock was induced by raising the body temperature to 40.5-41.5℃ for 8 min,2-3 h before the eye contusion (as previously described).Heat shock and contusion was given each week for 5 weeks.In quercetin group,rats were fed with quercetin (100 mg/kg weight) 2-3 h before the contusion.Quercetin and contusion was given each week for 5 weeks.Amount of proteins was measured by using Bradford methods.Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) was used for the separation and analysis of lens proteins.Results Five weeks after contusion, the mean water soluble protein of heat shock group was 22.7 1±1.99, increased significantly than that of the other three groups.The mean insoluble protein of contusion group was 2.60±0.48, increased than that of the other three groups.From the analysis of SDS-PAGE,we found that there was a high molecular band near 66 KD in opaque lens and the band became more prominent with the growing opacification of the lens.Conclusions In contusion cataract,water insduble lens protein is increased and water soluble lens protein is decreased.SDS-PAGE showed that lens injury resulted in lens proteins moving toward high molecular band.

Objective To study the movement of intraocular contact lens (ICL) during accommodation.Methods Forty one eyes of 41 consecutive patients implanted ICL to correct high myopia were collected.The visual acuity and accommodation power were checked before and after the surgery.The movement of both the ICL and the lens was measured separately at nonaccommodated state and pilocarpine induced accommodation.Results The uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) and best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) improved 3 months after surgery.The mean accommodation power betore surgery was(2.12±1.06)D,and was(4.46±2.11)D 3 months after surgery.Accommodation power was improved significantly (t=2,312,P=0.022).The distance from the posterior surface of ICL to the anterior surface of the lens was (0.48±0.27)mm at nonaccommodated state,and (0.34±0.19) mm at drug induced accommodation,the difference was significant (t=2.104,P=0.038).The position from corneal endothelium to the anterior surface of ICL had no significant difference at nonaccommodated state and drug induced accommodation(t= 1.165,P=0.149).Depth of the anterior chamber (from the posterior surface of the cornea to the anterior surface of the lens) between nonaccommodated and drug-induced accommodation had no statistically significant difference(t=1.821,P=0.071),but the anterior pole of the lens actually moved forward at drug induced accommodation checked with slit lamp.With ultrasound biomicroscopy we could see that in several surgical eyes, ICL loop contacted with periphery lens beth in nonaccommodated state and drug induced accommodation condition.Conclusions Although the constriction of pupil induced by pilocarpine decreases the distance from the posterior surface of ICL to the anterior lens surface significantly,there still has enough space to avoid the occurrence of subeapsular cataract.The contact between ICL loop and periphery lens might be one of the causes for periphery lens opacification.but the influence of this contact to the occurrence of central subcapsular opacification still requires further investigation.

Objective To investigate the effects of central corneal thickness (CCT) and corneal curvature (CC) on intraocular pressure (IOP) measurements by the Goldmann applanation tonometer (GAT) and the non-contact tonometer (NCT).Methods One hundred and twenty patients were recruited from the clinic of Peking Union Medical College Hospital.The CCT was measured by ultrasound pachymetry and the mean radius of CC by using Canon PK-5 refractometer.The IOP of each eye was measured by both GAT and NCT. Linear regression was used to compare the measurements of GAT and NCT:multi regression was used to analyze the relationships between CCT,CC and the measurements of GAT and NCT.BlandAhman method was used to compare the effect of NCT and GAT on the IOP measurements.Results The results of the right eyes were reported in this paper.The mean and standard deviation of IOP measured by GAT and NCT was(18.4±4.0)mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa) and (17.0±4.6)mm Hg,respectively,the difference was statistically significant(r=0.835.P:0.000).IOP measured using GAT increased by 0.039 mn Hg per per μm increase in CCT.IOP measured using NCT increased by 0.064 mm Hg per μm increase in CCT.For an increase of 1 mm of mean corneal curvature there was decrease in IOP of 2.648 mm Hg measured by the GAT and of 3.190 mm Hg measured by the NCT.Compared to the GAT,NCT underestimated at low IOP level and overestimated at higher IOP level.Conclusions The IOP measurement obtained with both GAT and NCT varied with CCT and CC.CCT affected IOP measurements by NCT more than that by GAT.

Objective To determine the serum levels of total supemxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA), and to evaluate the oxidant-antioxidant status in patients with Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) carrying the mitochondrial G11778A mutation.Methods Nineteen patients and 12 carriers from three Chinese G11778A LHON families were enrolled in this study, and 30 agematched healthy volunteers were recruited as normal controls.The serum levels of total SOD activty and MDA in all subjects were measured by xanthine oxidase test and thiobarbituric acid technique, respectively. Results The serum level of total SOD activity in LHON patients was significantly less than that in carriers and normal controls (q=7.085 and 8.351, respectively,both P＜0.05), however, there was no significant difference between the carriers and normal controls (q=0.269.P＞0.05).The serum level of MDA in patients and carriers was significandy higher thah that in normal controls (q=9.069 and 4.748, respectively,both P＜0.05),and it was also significantly higher in patients than that in carriers(q=3.618,P＜0.05).Conclusions Antioxidant capacity decreased significantly in patients with LHON, which indicates that the onset of LHON waft related with the oxidation.antioxidation imbalance.

Objective To study telomere length,senescence-associated-beta-galactosidase(SAbeta-galactosidase) and senescence marker prote-30 (SMP-30)in the stromal cells of keratoconus or normal corneas respectively,aiming finding the association of these indexes with the phenotype of keratoconus.Methods Experiment research.37 keratoconus lesions corneas were removed from 32 keratoconus patients who were operated in Shangdong Eye lnstitute between January 2006 and December 2006, and 20 normal corneas were collected from eye bank.The keratoconus corneas ages were from 13 to 34 years [mean ages (19±5) years] and the control group consists of 20 normal corneas donor ages from 9 to 30 years[ mean ages (19±4) years ].And there was no statistical diffefence of ages between keratoconus and normal comeas.Southern blot method was utilized to detect telomere length of genomic DNA.SA-betagalactosidase was detected by 5-bromo-4-ehloro-3-indolyl-β-D-galactopyranoside (X-Gal) staining method respectively in keratoconus and normal corneas.Isolated mRNA from keratoconus and normal corneas were reverse-transcribed to cDNA and SMP-30 was detected using PCR with specific primers (sense:5' ccg tgg atg cot ttg act at 3';anti-sense:5' caa ctt cat gc tgct ttg ga 3').To compare normal corneas and keratoconus corneas by histopathological study.Statistical analysis by t test.Results The telomere lenth in stromal cells in keratoconus corneas were from 10.29 to 14.12 kb,mean (11.54±1.41) kb,while that of normal comeas were from 12.64 to 15.32 kb,mean (13.45±0.99) kb, The difference of telomere length in stromal cells of keratoconus and normal coroeas reached a statistical significant level (t=4.753,P＜0.05).That means the telomere length of keratoconus stroma was shorter than that of normal corneal stroma.Light microscopy revealed that collagen fibers in keratoconus corneal stroma were aranged in an irregular manner.Cells density in keratoconus stroma appeared lower than in normal ones but the decrease wag not significant.The staining of SA-beta-gacltosidase in the keratoconus section wos evident,but there was no staining in the normal corneas.SMP-30 was not detectable with RT-PCR method in either keratoconus or normal corneas.Conclusion Telomeres in the keratoconus stromas manifest higber SA-beta-galactosidase than control, implying that improper senescence might be involved in pathogenesis of keratoconus.