The management and monitoring of precancerous lesions of the cervical glands face significant challenges compared to intracellular lesions of the cervical squamous epithelium, mainly attributed to the inefficiency of diagnostic methods such as cytology or colposcopy. To explore the long-term safety of cervical adenocarcinoma in situ and cervical minimally invasive adenocarcinoma after fertility-preserving therapy and to identify relevant relapse factors such as the guiding value of human papillomavirus (HPV) detection, the study retrospectively analyzed data from all patients with cervical adenocarcinoma in situ or FIGO stage Ia cervical adenocarcinoma treated at a single center from 2002 to 2023.