2015年 · 第53卷第12期

The incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer in China are on the rise. In 2011, the incidence and mortality rate of colorectal cancer were 23.03/100,000 and 11.11/100,000 respectively, which were much higher in urban areas than in rural areas, and the incidence of colon cancer increased significantly. Most patients were found in the middle and late stage.

Intraductal papilloma of the breast is a benign lesion, accounting for about 5.3% of all benign breast lesions^[1], about 3% of solid lesions^[2]。 Most cases lack specific clinical manifestations and imaging signs, and often need to obtain correct diagnosis through puncture biopsy and surgery. At the same time, there are many differences in pathological definition and cancer diagnostic criteria, and there is a lack of standardized diagnosis and treatment procedures. In view of this, the Breast Health Care and Breast Disease Prevention and Treatment Group of Women's Health Care Branch of Chinese Association of Preventive Medicine organized experts to conduct many discussions according to the research results at home and abroad in recent years, and formed a consensus, in order to facilitate the standardized diagnosis and treatment of breast intraductal papilloma. This disease is a benign lesion, and there is no prospective clinical randomized controlled study at present. The evidence in this paper mainly refers to the conclusions of bulk case-control studies and retrospective studies.

Laparoscopic technology is the use of electronic and optical equipment to complete complex surgery through small holes, which has the characteristics of less complications, safety and quick recovery. Traditional two-dimensional (2D) laparoscopic surgery has become a skilled surgical technique in modern medicine and has been widely used. The robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery system developed in recent years has become the development direction of future medicine because it can provide accurate three dimensions (3D) anatomical space and fine operation. However, expensive equipment and high surgical cost limit its clinical application and popularization. However, 3D laparoscopic technology is not only simple to operate and easy to popularize like traditional laparoscopy, but also can provide 3D surgical pictures, which has gradually become the focus of surgeons' attention. This paper introduces the principle and development history of 3D laparoscopic imaging, as well as the advantages, clinical application and future development direction of 3D laparoscopic technology.

In order to standardize the clinical diagnosis and treatment of esophageal and gastric varicose vein rupture and bleeding in cirrhotic portal hypertension, the portal hypertension group of the surgical branch of Chinese medical association specially organized relevant experts to compile this clinical diagnosis and treatment consensus, aiming at providing a basic standard for clinical diagnosis and treatment. This consensus is not a mandatory standard and is expected to help clinicians choose the most reasonable treatment plan for the specific situation of most patients under the guidance of the consensus. This consensus reflects the current recognized clinical experience and the latest research results in this field, and will be continuously updated and improved in the future.

The incidence of hydatidosis is high in nine provinces and regions in northwestern China, and other provinces and regions are mostly sporadic. In 2005, the survey results of the former Ministry of Health of China showed that the seropositive rate of hydatidosis in seven provinces and regions was 12.04%, and the positive rate of ultrasound examination was 1.08%, with 380,000 patients. From 2004 to 2008, a total of 10 790 cases of hydatidosis were reported in China, and hydatidosis has become one of the root causes of "poverty due to illness and return to poverty due to illness" among farmers and herdsmen.

anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) is an effective procedure for the treatment of cervical spondylotic myelopathy^[1,2]。 However, some patients have accelerated degeneration of the intervertebral discs, vertebral bodies and ligaments adjacent to the fusion segments after surgery, resulting in intervertebral disc herniation compressing the spinal cord or nerves, and clinical symptoms appear again, which is clinically called adjacent segment disease (ASD)^[3]。 For ASD, the current commonly used treatment methods are anterior cervical vertebra removal of original internal fixation, re-decompression of adjacent segment intervertebral disc, and then internal fixation, or posterior cervical indirect decompression, long segment fixation with nail-rod system. In order to explore a simpler and more effective treatment method, after review and approval by the ethics committee of our hospital, we have applied Zero profile anterior cervical interbody fusion system (Zero-P) since October 2010 to treat cervical spondylotic myelopathy caused by adjacent segmental disc herniation after ACDF. The short-term efficacy is satisfactory, and the report is as follows.