Single-group target value method trial is a type of study design that only sets the test group without setting the parallel control group, and compares the target value with the test group as a theoretical control, so as to verify the efficacy or safety of the test group. The validation method of this study design is mainly to examine whether the results of the outcome measures of the trial group are within the target values of the outcome measures determined in advance. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration defines the target value as a series of widely recognized performance criteria derived from a large amount of historical data, which can be used as surrogate indicators or clinical endpoints to illustrate the safety or efficacy of treatment measures. Single-group target-value trial design can be used as an alternative study design method when it is difficult to conduct randomized controlled trials.