Volume 46 ·  Issue 05 ·  2010

In China, in order to complete the goal of the elimination of blinding trachoma before 2020, which is presented by the World Health Organization, several steps should be taken as following. First of all, the support at all levels by government is needed, meanwhile, it is very necessary to perform a national epidemiological study about prevalence and risk factors of trachoma and to make the program of the control of trachoma in line with Chinese national condition. Finally, to promote the participation of people with strengthening the propaganda of public health knowledge about trachoma is also important. More efforts should be taken for elimination of the blinding trachoma in the most populous country before 2020.

The actual effect will be investigated by realizing the origin, background, founding purpose and the function of SCI. Thereby, the source of SCI and its irrationality, harmfulness are analyzed. And it will remind the scientific circle to recognize correctly and clearly of SCI.

Endothelial keratoplasty (EK) demonstrates many advantages over penetrating keratoplasty (PK), which is expected to become an initial surgical choice for the treatment of corneal endothelial dysfunction, instead of PK. However, EK also has the defects in the low density of endothelial cells after surgeries. And the bullous keratopathy in China is mainly caused by intraocular surgeries such as cataract extraction, which was accompanied by a variety of intraocular abnormalities. The complex cases will undoubtedly make the surgeries more difficult, and make endothelial cells density lower after surgeries. It is the most important that a suitable surgical procedure and the indications were selected on the basis of the patients' clinical characteristics. Adoption of some modified EK techniques can reduce postoperative endothelial cell loss, which can improve the successful rate of surgeries.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of trachoma and its risk factors in rural primary school children in Tengzhou City of Shandong Province. Methods In this cross-sectional population-based study, children aged 5 to 14 years old in primary school were randomly selected by a cluster sampling in which school shift was the sampling unit. Out of 2742 students, 2676 were eligible. The examination rate was 97.60%. All selected students were assessed for trachoma using the simplified grading scheme proposed by the World Health Organization (WHO). Statistical significance was calculated using Chi-square tests.Results Out of 2676 eligible children, 593 cases of active trachoma were found, the prevalence of trachoma was 22. 16% (95% CI:20. 59%-23.73% ). In 1606 boys, the prevalence of active trachoma was 19. 74%,compared with 25.79% for girls. Girls were affected by active trachoma higher than boys (25.79% versus 19. 74%, P = 0. 000). There was no significant difference among different age groups in term of the prevalence of trachoma ( P = 0. 052 ) . The prevalence of trachomatous follicle ( TF ), trachomatous inflammation (TI), and trachomatous scarring ( TS ) was 5.68% ( 152/2676 ), 19. 21% ( 514/2676 ),0. 56% (15/2676),respectively. TI was more prevalent in girls than in boys (22. 90% versus 16. 75%,p=0.000). Conclusions Trachoma is still endemic in children of primary schools in Tengzhou rural areas. Some interventions including mass treatment with antibiotics, improvement of hygienic conditions, and improvement of primary eye care are needed.

Objective To investigate the safety and clinical efficacy of anterior chamber irrigation combined with corneal transplantation in the treatment of corneal ulcer with severe hypopyon. Methods Non-randomized retrospective case series. Twenty patients (20 eyes ) suffered from corneal ulcer with severe hypopyon were enrolled in Shandong Eye Hospital from January 2008 to June 2009, and 13 patients with significant corneal endothelial plaque, which hard to determine the lesion edge under microscope. Twenty patients received anterior chamber irrigation combined with penetrating or lamellar keratoplasty treatment; the donors were preserved in the medium-term preservation solution or freeze-dry preservation of glycerine.lntraoperative and postoperative complications, visual acuity, immune rejection were collected as outcome measures. Results Twenty cases received anterior chamber irrigation combined with corneal transplantation successfully, eleven of which received penetrating keratoplasty (PK) and 9 received lamellar keratoplasty (LK). Ten cases that underwent PK using donors preserved in medium-term solution, and the remaining using donors cryopreserved at -20℃. Intraoperative complications include bleeding iris (11 cases ), postoperative complications including iris adhesions (8 cases ), transient high intraocular pressure (4cases), anterior chamber hemorrhage (5 cases), and were cured after drug treatment. One case suffered recurrence of fungal keratitis and received repeat PK. Four cases occurred endothelial immune rejection, 3 cases were controlled and 1 case occurred graft failure after anti-rejection treatment. In the final follow-up in December 2009, 17 grafts were clear and 3 grafts were edema. Conclusion In the treatment of severe corneal ulcer with hypopyon, anterior chamber irrigation combined with penetrating or lamellar keratoplasty is an effective and a safety method.

Objective To investigate the efficacy for treating conjunctivochalasis with conjunctival positioning and quantified patch. Methods It was a case-control study. A case-control study of 30 patients from the First Hospital of Jiaxing from 2007 to 2008 with binocular conjunctivochalasis. Every patient was treated one eye with simple logadectomy while the other eye with positioning and quantified logadectomy randomly. Subjective and objective evaluations were taken on the 1st, 3rd and 6th months postoperation. Subjective evaluations include effective rate and cure rate. Objective evaluations include slit-lamp biomicroscope morphological variety,tear menisus height, break-up time(BUT) ,Schirmer Ⅰ test( S I T),fluorescein stain test( Fl), the first fluorescein stain. Cure rate and efficacy rate were compared in two groups with chi-square test. Results Subjective evaluations were on the 1st month post-operation. There were 5 eyes ( 16. 7% ) curing,13 eyes (43. 3% ) improved,12 eyes (40. 0% ) ineffective in simply logadectomy group; While there were 12 eyes (40. 0% ) curing, 16 eyes (53.3%) improved,2 eyes (6. 7% ) ineffective in the positioning and quantified logadectomy group. The effective rate( χ2 =9. 317, P ＜0. 01 )and cure rate (χ2 = 4. 022, P ＜ 0. 05 )had statistic significance. Effecative rate in simply logadectomy group was increasing gradually on the 3rd and 6th month post-operation while effecative rate in positioning and quantified logadectomy group was stable. But the effective rate in this group was still higher than the simple logadectomy group. To objectively evaluate the cure rate on the 1st month post-operation: slit-lamp biomicroscope morphological variety: there were 10 eyes turn to normal in simply logadectomy group while 29 eyes ( χ2 =26. 447, P ＜ 0. 01 ) in the positioning and quantified logadectomy group. Tear menisus height:there were 18 eyes turn to normal in simply logadectomy group while 30 eyes ( χ2 = 15. 000 ,P ＜0. 01 ) in the positioning and quantified logadectomy group. BUT: There were 12 eyes turn to normal in simply logadectomy group while 28 eyes ( χ2 = 19. 200, P ＜ 0. 01 ) in the positioning and quantified logadectomy group. S I T: there were 18 eyes turn to normal in simply logadectomy group while 25 eyes (χ2 =4. 022,P ＜ 0. 05) in the positioning and quantified logadectomy group. Fl: there were 20 eyes turn to normal in simply logadectomy group while 28 eyes ( χ2 = 6. 667, P ＜ 0. 05 ) in the positioning and quantified logadectomy group. The first fluorescein stain: there were 12 eyes turn to normal in simply logadectomy group while 24 eyes (χ2 = 10. 000, P ＜0. 01 ) in the positioning and quantified logadectomy group. The difference had statistic significance. On the 3rd month post-operation: S I T: there were 18 eyes turn to normal in simply logadectomy group while 19 eyes ( χ2 =0. 071 ,P ＞0. 05) in the positioning and quantified logadectomy group, without statistic significance. All the other objective evaluations indicatrix had statistic significance. On the 6th month post-operation: S I T: there were 20 eyes turn to normal in simply logadectomy group while 21 eyes ( χ2 = 0. 077, P ＞ 0. 05 ) in the positioning and quantified logadectomy group, without statistic significance. Fl: there were 23 eyes turn to normal in simply logadectomy group while 28 eyes (χ2 = 3. 268 ,P ＞ 0. 05 ) in the positioning and quantified logadectomy group, without statistic significance. All the other objective evaluations indicatrix had statistic significance. Conclusions Positioning and quantified patch resection method not only makes it easier and safer for treating the conjunctivochalasis, but also reduces the complications and creates good result for patients in early periord.

Objective To analysis the feasibility of selectively targeting zero total postoperative spherical aberration by selecting the best fit aspheric intraocular lens (IOL) based on preoperative corneal spherical aberration of patients. Methods It was a prospective case series study. The corneal spherical aberration(Z40) with 6 mm aperture of 57 eyes (46 patients ) was measured with a iTrace Visual Function Analyzer 1 day before surgery, the target postoperative total spherical aberration was set at zero. Thus, for corneal spherical aberration ＜ +0. 100 μm, the Sofport Advanced Optic( AO)IOL( 10 eyes)was selected; for corneal spherical aberration ＞ +0. 100 μm but if ＜ +0. 235 μm, the AcrySof IQ IOL(20 eyes) was selected; and for corneal spherical aberration ＞ +0. 235 μm, Tecnis ZA9003 IOL(27 eyes)was selected.Aspherical IOL was implanted after phacoemulsification through a clear-cornea, 3. 2 mm incision without suture. Uncorrected visual acuity, best corrected visual acuity( BCVA ), spherical aberration of the whole eye and internal optics (IOL) at 6 mm pupil diameter were examined at 3 months postoperatively. ANOVA and t-test were used to analyze the data at 3 months postoperatively. Results Total postoperative ocular spherical aberration at 6 mm pupil diameter for the entire population measured (0. 015 ±0. 056)μm[ AO:(0. 081 ±0. 013 ) μm;IQ: (0. 006 ± 0. 038 ) μm;Tecnis: (0. 007 ± 0. 070) μm ]. For the entire population,there was no significantly different between the predicted value and actual value of ocular spherical aberration at 6 mm pupil diameter: t = 1. 983, P = 0. 052 ( AO: t = 1.957, P = 0. 082; IQ: t = 0. 030, P = 0. 976;Tecnis:t =2. 031, P =0. 053). For the entire population, the predictive error measured (0. 014 ±0. 044)μm[ AO: (0. 006 ±0. 012) μm;IQ: ( -0. 000 ±0. 037) μm ;Tecnis: (0. 027 ± 0. 052) μm;F = 2. 626, P =0. 082 ]. The postoperative visual activity was not significantly different among the three groups ( P ＞ 0. 05 ).Conclusion Customized selection of aspheric IOL based on preoperative corneal spherical aberration of patients is feasible and produces satisfactory target postoperative total spherical aberration.

Objective To evaluate the clinical effectiveness and accommodative range after implanting the 1 CU. Methods It was a prospective case series study. From March in 2004 to December in 2007,23 cases (28 eyes) had phacoemulsification and implantation of 1CU (HumanOptics). Naked and best corrected distant acuity, Naked acuity at 35 cm and best corrected near, the amplitude of accommodation measured with subjective and objective techniques and the change in the anterior chamber depth were measured at 3-6 months,18-24 months and over 36 months after surgery. Results After implantation,the 1CU had good centered and stable and no IOL-specific complications. Naked distant acuity of the three groups are 0. 84 ± 0. 23,0. 81 ± 0. 19 and 0. 78 ± 0. 17, between them there are no significantly statistical differences( F =0. 759 ,P ＞0. 05 ). The best corrected distant acuity of the three groups were 0. 97 ± 0. 13,0. 99 ± 0. 17 and 1.00 ±0. 17, between them there are no significantly statistical differences( F = 0. 17, P ＞0. 05 ). The near acuity at 35 cm was 0. 66 ± 0. 24,0. 52 ± 0. 14 and 0.47 ± 0. 12, between them there are significantly statistical differences ( F = 9. 312 ,P ＜ 0. 01 ). The best corrected near acuity were 0. 97 ± 0. 13,0. 94 ±0. 22 and 0. 90 ± 0. 21, between them there are no significantly statistical differences (F = 0. 915,P＞0. 05). The accommodative range measured with subjective were 0. 89 ±0. 34,0. 72 ±0. 17 and 0. 56 ±0. 16, between them there are significantly statistical differences ( F = 13.43 ,P ＜0. 01 ). The accommodative range measured with objective were 3.58 ± 0. 54,3.01 ± 0. 89 and 2. 50 ± 0. 54, between them there were significantly statistical differences ( F = 17. 886, P ＜ 0. 01 ) . The anterior chamber depth measured by application of 2% pilocarpine eyedrops were 0. 88 ± 0. 40,0. 54 ± 0. 23 and 0. 33 ± 0. 20, between them there were significantly statistical differences (F=26.589, P＜0.01). Conclusions The eyes with 1CU have good visual acuity and increased accommodative range more than the single-focus IOL. With the extension of time after surgery, the ability of 1CU regulation gradually declines, and nears point swift away gradually.

Objective To analyze the tears of outpatients who had chronic conjunctivitis infected adenovirus (AdV) and (or) herpes simplex virus (HSV). Methods It was an experimental study. 81 patients with chronic conjunctivitis (adult 66 cases, children 15 cases ), 9 cases with acute viral conjunctivitis and 30 healthy control cases. To collect their tears, use polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect herpes simplex virus and adenovirus, and analyze the results of PCR, clinical symptoms and signs. Results In patients with chronic conjunctivitis, adenovirus-positive rate was 32. 1% (26/81) and herpes simplex virus-positive rate was 30. 9% ( 25/81 ). In children patients with chronic conjunctivitis, the adenovirus-positive rate was 33.3% (5/15) and herpes simplex virus-positive rate was 13. 3% (2/15). In adult group, the adenovirus-positive rate was 31.8% (21/66) and herpes simplex virus-positive rate was 34. 8% (23/66). In patients who underwent acute conjunctivitis, the adenovirus-positive rate was 61.5%(16/26). It has statistical differences ( χ2 = 16. 884, P ＜ 0. 01 ) with no acute conjunctivitis patients. The herpes simplex virus-positive rate was 42. 3% ( 11/26 ). It has statistical differences ( χ2 = 5. 351, P =0.021) with no acute conjunctivitis patients. The positive rate of virus detection was 0% (0/30) in the normal negative control group. The adenovirus-positive rate was 100. 0% (9/9) in the positive control grouppatients with acute viral conjunctivitis. 37 patients were adenovirus-positive and (or) herpes simplex viruspositive. The rate of redness with itching was 32. 4% (12/37) in virus positive patient. The rate of redness was 64.9% (24/37). The rate of itching was 56.8% (21/37). The rate of lower eyelid follicles was 73.0% (27/37) in virus positive patients. Conclusions The rate of adenovirus and herpes simplex virus positive expression is considerable in the patients with chronic conjunctivitis. The positive rate of patients with the history of virus infection is rather higher than no infection history.

Objective To evaluate the practicality of transient PVEP (pattern visual evoked potential,PVEP) acuity assessment for 2 to 5 years old normal children from September 2007 to January 2008. Methods Pattern acuity and transient PVEP-A of 179 (355 eyes) normal children between 2 to 5years were detected and analyzed. Pattern acuity data were got from test for single uncorrected eye with pattern acuity table. PVEP-A was measured by the horizontal gratings evoked potention, vohich were cognizable response. Χ2 and rank tests methods were used to analysis. The value of PVEP-A was converted to international standard acuity, and then comparison to pattern acuity with Logistic regression method. Results With the growth of age, pattern acuity was gradually increased and the value was greater than 0. 4. The positive correlation also existed among PVEP-A and age, PVEP-A from test children was all greater than 3.4 c/d. The analysis result of rank regression was P ＜0. 01, that meaned PVEP-A difference among four groups had statistics significance. The correlation coefficient of PVEP-A with pattern acuity was good ( r = 0. 673). The difference of PVEP-A and pattern acuity between two eyes was correlated ( r = 0. 664 ). The result also pointed out PVEP-A growth was earlier than pattern acuity among 179 children. Conclusion Stabilization and reliability PVEP is a good objective visual assessment for younger and handicapped children.

Objective To investigate the inhibitory effects of natural medicinal monomer elemene (Ele) on proliferation of human lens epithelial cells B3 (HLE-B3) inducing by recombinant human basic fibroblast growth factor(rhbFGF) and to pursue the proteomics regularity of the inhibitory effects of Ele on proliferation of HLE-B3. Methods Experimental study. This study is divided into three group: control group,rhbFGF group and Ele group. Using 10 μg/L rhbFGF to induce proliferation of HLE-B3. Proliferative HLE-B3 were incubated with 80 mg/L Ele in CO2 incubator for 24 hours. Then the inhibitory effects of Ele on proliferation of HLE-B3 was detected by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT). The change of expressions of all protein in HLE-B3 was assayed and analyzed by protein array and surface-enhanced laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (SELDI-TOF-MS) proteomics technology. Results MTT test showed that the A values of rhbFGF(0. 599 ±0. 053 ) group were higher than that of control group(0. 409 ±0. 042) remarkably. The A values of Ele group (0. 450 ± 0. 061 ) decreased obviously compared to rhbFGF group, the inhibition rates were 24. 90% ( F = 28. 886, P = 0. 000 ). Five different protein spots were obtained in proliferative HLE-B3 induced by rhbFGF. The expressions were up-regulated in two of the five protein spots at the ratios of mass/charge (m/z)of 8093 and 9516, while the expressions were downregulated in three of the five protein spots at m/z of 5361,9666 and 13 767. Ten different protein spots were obtained in HLE-B3 incubated with Ele. The expressions were up-regulated in four of the ten protein spots at m/z of 2487, 4392, 8566 and 11 600, while the expressions were down-regulated in six of the ten protein spots at m/z of 3679, 4826, 6861, 9516, 9557 and 9672. Conclusions Ele could effectively inhibit HLE-B3 proliferation induced by rhbFGF. The protein spot at m/z of 9516 might be the target of proliferative inhibition in HLE-B3 by Ele.

Objective To study the morphological characteristics in corneal smear of acanthamoeba keratitis. Methods Experimental study. From May 1991 to December 2007, in Department of Microbiology, Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, 159 cases with acanthamoeba keratitis were analyzed for the laboratory results and clinical data. Giemsa's stained smear and wet-mount preparation of 159 cases were observed, all the results of cytology be photographed as the records. Results Among the 159 cases with acanthamoeba keratitis, 131 patients (82.4%) were positive on smear, and 110 cases (69.2%) were positive in culture of amoeba. The detection positive rate of smear was apparently higher than culture. Typical trophozoites, pre-encystment trophozoites, mature cysts and empty cysts could be observed by smear. So it is an important method for the clinical diagnosis. The edema and dissolved corneal epithelial cells, exudate cells, arthrospore or chlamydoconidium of mycelial fungus, vacuolus, lipid droplet and medicine crystallization should be differentiated with the pathogen. The movement of trophozoites could mainly be observed through wet-mount preparation. Conclusion The detection of typical features of trophozoites, pre-encystment trophozoites, mature cysts and empty cysts by corneal smear is important for the etiological diagnosis of acanthamoeba keratitis.

Objective To investigate relationship of the expression of MERTK gene and the activity of protein kinase C (PKC) in the phagocytic process of human retinal pigment epithelial (hRPE) cells.Methods Cultured hRPE cells were incubated with rod outer segments (ROS) suspension (containing ROS 1 × 1010/L) at 37 ℃, then cells were rinsed at different times to terminate the phagocytosis. The kinetic of phagocytosis was measured by double-fluorescent labeling. The activity of PKC and the expression level of MERTK gene were measured by counting γ-32p radio-activity with liquid scintillation and RT-PCR respectively. Change of MERTK gene expression was measured after hRPE was treated cells with stimulator or inhibitor of PKC. Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS 13.0 software. Results The phagocytic assay showed that the quality of bound and ingested ROS by hRPE cells increased. The quality of ingested ROS by hRPE cells at 24 hours was ( 2. 85 ± 0. 11 ) × 106, which reached maximum contrast with control (0. 00 ± 0. 00 ) × 106 ( t = 47.64, P ＜ 0. 05 ). The activity of PKC ( both in cytoplasm and on membrane )decreased during all the incubation periods compared with control[ cytoplasm: (329. 63 ± 14. 26) nmol · g-1 · min - 1 and on membrane: ( 467.67 ± 68. 87 ) nmol · g- 1 · min - 1 ], and reached the minimum at 24 h [cytoplasm:( 151.13 ± 17.67) nmol · g-1 ·min-1 and on membrane: ( 152.45 ±64. 83) nmol · g-1 min-1 ;cytoplasm t = 89.66 and membrane t = 10. 31 ,P ＜0. 05＝. The level of MERTK mRNA increased in pulse-chase and long-time incubation test. The gray level for 90 min was 1. 8853 ± 0. 0077, contrasted with control 0. 7246 ±0. 0062, F = 16060. 2167 and P ＜ 0. 05. The gray level for 24 h was 0. 5946 ± 0. 0082,contrasted with control 0. 3343 ± 0. 0064, F = 919. 8421 and P ＜ 0. 05. When up-regulating the activity of PKC in hRPE cells, the level of MERTK mRNA was decreased in the proceeding incubating with ROS contrasted with control ( pulse-chase group F = 17 142. 2331,long time group F = 1886. 4614;P ＜ 0. 05 ＝. After down-regulating the activity of PKC in hRPE cells, the level of MERTK mRNA waved between 4. 4670 ± 0. 0092 and 5.7034 ±0. 0095 in the first 30 min of incubating with ROS,which lower than control 0. 9117 ± 0. 0021 (F = 199 012. 9138 ,P ＜0.05). Conclusions The lower activity of PKC and the higher expression MERTK gene are very important for sustaining phagocytic process of ROS by hRPE cells. MERTK gene and PKC both as up-stream regulators are negative-correlated in the phagocytic process of hRPE.

Corneal crosslink through UVA-riboflavin photochemistry has been shown to be an effective treatment for keratoconus,related keratectasias and infectious melting keratitis that did not respond to systemic therapy. It is a new approach to increase the mechanical and biochemical stability of the stromal tissue. The purpose of this paper is to review the basic principle, procedure, laboratory and clinical researches about corneal crosslink. In the current situation, it can state only that UVA-riboflavin induced corneal crosslink leads in the majority of the cases to a halt of the progression, and the complications of the corneal endothelial cells, crystalline lens and retina seem to be rare.

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is being employed more and more often to facilitate the diagnosis and management of the anterior eye segment diseases. The cross-sectional imaging capability of its higher resolution allows OCT to measure and visualize clear anatomic structures, specifically in anterior chamber biometry, corneal pachymetric mapping, and anterior chamber angle. Fourier-domain OCT technique which achieves higher speed and higher resolution and time-domain OCT technique have driven their further application in ophthalmological practice. In this review, we describe the principles and characteristics of OCT, summarize the recent utility and the limitations of anterior segment OCT in the pathologies and surgical planning of anterior chamber, cornea and surrounding areas, and prospect its future development.

Corneal neovascularization and lymphatic neovascularization are important factors that cause corneal neovascularization and other ophthalmological diseases. There are great differences in the growth pattern and morphology of corneal neovascularization caused by different etiologies.

Sj (o) gren syndrome (SS) is a chronic autoimmune disease that mainly involves exocrine glands. It is more common in middle-aged and elderly women, and the ocular manifestation is dry eye caused by tear secretion dysfunction. The ocular histopathology of SS patients shows that a large number of lymphocytes infiltrate lacrimal glands and conjunctiva tissues (mainly T cells), and a large number of Langerhans cells (LCs) can be found in the central cornea by in vivo laser confocal microscopy [1].

Retinal pigment epitheliogram shape dystrophy is a different pattern lesion that affects the retinal pigment epithelium in the macular area of both eyes and has yellow, orange or gray spotty pigmentation. It is often unnoticed. Four patients with retinal pigment epitheliogram shape dystrophy were treated in the Ophthalmology Center of Peking University Third Hospital from 1999 to 2005. Only two cases with complete data, clear photos and long tracking time (8 years and 5 months respectively) are reported below.

Case 1: A 43-year-old female, whose binocular visual acuity was gradually decreasing for more than 5 years, came to the ophthalmology department of Guanghua Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine in Changning District, Shanghai on February 6, 2009.

Merkel cell carcinoma of eyelid is a rare malignant tumor with strong invasion and neuroendocrine characteristics [1]. A case was admitted to the Department of Ophthalmology of Wenling Hospital affiliated to Wenzhou Medical College in 2009. The clinical characteristics, histopathological changes and diagnosis and treatment process of the case are reported as follows.

Congenital cryptoophthalmia is a rare autosomal recessive hereditary disease. The eyeball is completely covered by skin, without palpebral fissure, hypoplasia of the eyeball or no eyeball. The clinical data of a patient with this disease admitted to the Department of Ophthalmology of Wuxi People's Hospital are reported as follows.

A 33-year-old male patient went to Beijing Tongren Hospital and Beijing Tongren Eye Center affiliated to Capital Medical University on March 12, 2009 due to "red right eye for 1 month, photophobia and eye pain for 10 days". Fifteen years ago, the patient had undergone radial keratotomy in both eyes. Physical examination: naked eye visual acuity (standard logarithmic visual acuity chart) 0.2 in right eye and 0.8 in left eye.

The book "Keratology" co-edited by Professor Xie Lixin and Professor Shi Weiyun of Shandong Institute of Ophthalmology has been officially published by People's Medical Publishing House.

In order to promote the scientific and technological journals sponsored by CAST and its affiliated national societies to better serve the independent innovation of science and technology, strengthen the academic exchange function, promote the implementation of the strategy of fine scientific and technological journals, improve the core competitiveness of scientific and technological journals, and improve the ability of national societies to serve the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education and strengthening the country through talents, CAST has organized and implemented the application and evaluation of projects funded by fine scientific and technological journals since 2006. This journal was successively awarded the title of Excellent Science and Technology Journals Project Demonstration Project of China Association for Science and Technology from 2006 to 2010.

Conjunctivalochalasis is a common age-related ocular surface disease in the elderly. With the accelerating aging of the population, the number of people with conjunctiva relaxation will increase day by day. Severe conjunctival relaxation requires surgical treatment. In order to standardize the surgical treatment plan and prevent iatrogenic ocular surface damage, Professor Zhang Xingru combined his more than 10-year research results on surgical treatment of this disease (including key technologies such as indications for surgical treatment, standardized surgical operation, prevention and treatment of surgical complications) with literature and materials to make a CD.

In order to strengthen the academic exchange of ophthalmology at home and abroad, expand the international vision of domestic ophthalmologists, and promote the integration of domestic ophthalmology with international standards as soon as possible, the Health Express Training Network (www.lxlearn.com) has been specially established. The training network will serve all domestic ophthalmologists in the form of public welfare.

Ocular Surface Live Confocal Microscope (edited by Professor Xu Jianjiang), one of the Application Series of New Ophthalmology Technologies edited by Professor Sun Xinghuai of Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat Hospital affiliated to Fudan University, has been officially published by Fudan University Press. In vivo confocal microscope of ocular surface is a new type of high precision and high magnification microscope which has appeared in recent years. As a clinically practical auxiliary diagnostic device, ocular surface in vivo confocal microscope can perform non-invasive, real-time dynamic and four-dimensional (three-dimensional + time) observation of living corneal and conjunctival tissues.

The Atlas of Fundus Diseases, edited by Professor Zhang Huirong of Peking University Third Hospital, and compiled by many fundus disease experts from Peking University Ophthalmology Center of Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing Tongren Ophthalmology Center of Beijing Tongren Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University, and Peking Union Medical College Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, has been officially published by People's Medical Publishing House.

The book "Choroidal Neovascular Diseases", edited by Professor Wang Yusheng, Department of Ophthalmology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University and Institute of Ophthalmology, written by frontline scientific and technical personnel engaged in clinical and basic research of ophthalmology and visual science in Fourth Military Medical University, reviewed by Professor Yan, West China Ophthalmology Center, Sichuan University, and prefaced by Professor Luo Chengren, has been officially published by People's Medical Publishing House. The contents of this book include basic research and clinical diagnosis and treatment of choroidal neovascular diseases, taking into account both advancement and practicality.

In recent years, the concept of cataract refractive surgery has penetrated into the clinical diagnosis and treatment of cataract diseases. It is the higher pursuit of cataract surgeons to restore patients' vision like young people. Multifocal intraocular lens has attracted more and more attention of ophthalmologists because of its good clinical application effect. The aspherical AcrySof ReSTOR +3.00D intraocular lens, which entered the clinic in 2009, can provide better far, medium and near vision for patients after cataract surgery. In order to promote academic exchanges among domestic ophthalmologists,

It is estimated that by 2010, the number of glaucoma patients in the world will exceed 60 million, and the number of blind people will be nearly 10 million. The World Health Organization (WHO) has made the prevention and treatment of primary glaucoma one of the key tasks of blindness prevention. In order to advocate the majority of ophthalmologists to pay attention to the prevention and treatment of glaucoma, Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology of Chinese Medical Association and Alcon (China) Ophthalmic Products Co., Ltd. jointly held the 2010 Alcon "Healthy Intraocular Pressure" Cup prize-winning essay contest.

Eye Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, edited by Xu Naijiang, Zhu Huimin, Yang Li and Luo Min, and deputy editors by Li Dongmei, Fan Xianqun, Song Weixian and Wu Zhongyao, has been officially published by Shanghai Science and Technology Education Press.

Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology was founded on October 1, 1950. In the course of running the journal for nearly 60 years, there have been many twists and turns. From 1960 to 1964, due to natural disasters in the country and paper difficulties, it was suspended for the first time; From 1966 to 1978, it was forced to cease publication again due to the unrest until it resumed in the autumn of 1978. After more than half a century of ups and downs, several generations of ophthalmologists have paid hard work and sweat, and made the Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology the leading fine academic journal in China's ophthalmology community, which represents the national level externally and guides academic development internally.

1. Statistical symbols: According to the relevant provisions of GB 3358-1982 ((Statistical Nouns and Symbols), statistical symbols are typeset in italics. Commonly used: (1) The arithmetic mean of the sample is in English lowercase i (median is in M); (2) Standard deviation is in English lowercase s; (3) Standard misuse of English lowercase sx; (4) t test is in English lowercase t; (5) F test is in English uppercase F; (6) Chi-square test is in Greek lowercase x ^ 2; (7) The correlation coefficient is lowercase r in English; (8) Degrees of freedom are lowercase v in Hiven; (9) The probability is capitalized P in English (specific test values should be given before the P value, such as t value, x^2 value, q value, etc.).

Since the copyright law of our country was promulgated, it has been paid widespread attention by all circles of society. As a medical scientific and technological journal, the copyright law must be implemented to the letter. Therefore, the relevant requirements of this journal for author's signature and thanks are reiterated as follows.

According to international practice and the actual situation in China, for papers that meet the following conditions, the Chinese Medical Association series journals allow and accept the republication of relevant papers of the same research in different languages.

Neuro-ophthalmology is a marginal discipline involving the interconnection between ophthalmology and neuroscience, and belongs to a branch of ophthalmology. Although the development of neuro-ophthalmology in China is still in its infancy, and the treatment of neuro-ophthalmology diseases mostly hangs between ophthalmology, neurology and surgery, in recent years, with the continuous development of related life sciences, basic medicine and various high-tech and equipment, neuro-ophthalmology has developed rapidly, and its connection with other sub-specialties is getting closer and closer. In the practice of ophthalmology clinical work,

Following the successful "First Chinese Ophthalmology Young and Middle-aged Forum" held by the editorial board of Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology of Chinese Medical Association in 2009, at the request of the majority of ophthalmologists, the "Second Chinese Ophthalmology Young and Middle-aged Forum (and Organizing Meeting)" sponsored by this journal and co-organized by Ophthalmology Branch of Shanghai Medical Association will be held in Shanghai from July 2 to 6, 2010. The content of this forum integrates the rational application of ophthalmic drugs and the promotion of new technologies and new equipment, focusing on comprehensively improving the diagnosis and treatment level of ophthalmologists.

2010 Tianjin Ophthalmology International Forum and Sino-Japanese Ophthalmology Academic Exchange Conference will be held in Tianjin Eye Hospital from July 2 to 4, 2010. The forum will have authoritative experts from different majors from the United States, Britain, Japan and other countries to discuss in-depth the new advances and technologies in the field of strabismus and pediatric ophthalmology, as well as other research hotspots in the field of ophthalmology and visual science. Among them, Professor Del Monte of Kellogg Eye Center of the University of Michigan in the United States and Professor Sloper of Morfield Eye Hospital in the United Kingdom gave wonderful speeches on the drug and surgical treatment of nystagmus and the treatment of non-common strabismus.

The 6th Xiamen International Ophthalmology Symposium, a 2010 national continuing education project sponsored by Xiamen Medical Association and undertaken by Xiamen Ophthalmology Center affiliated to Xiamen University, will be held in Xiamen, Fujian Province from May 22 to 23, 2010. The conference invited well-known ophthalmologists from home and abroad to give lectures, and exchanged new research progress in glaucoma, cataract, ocular surface diseases, corneal diseases, fundus diseases and optometry. For more information, stay tuned to the website http: / /www.xiameneye.org.cn.

The 11th National Conference on Corneal and Ocular Surface Diseases and the 2nd National Conference on Corneal Refractive Surgery, sponsored by the Keratology Group of Ophthalmology Branch of Chinese Medical Association and undertaken by Shandong Institute of Ophthalmology, will be held in Qingdao, Shandong Province from June 3 to 6, 2010. Ophthalmologists and colleagues at home and abroad and people from the ophthalmology business community are invited to attend the event.