Volume 44 ·  Issue 12 ·  2008

The production of different kinds of novel intraocular lens(IOLs)with various functions plays an active role in improving cataract surgery by providing more choices to meet different clinical demands.However,each type of IOL has its own advantages and disadvantages.Therefore,it is important to implant two different kinds of IOLs into two eyes of a patient,which can optimize the advantages of these two IOLs and can obtain a better mixing vision.But there are many misunderstandings about how to comprehend the principle of monovision and matching two different types of IOLs.When we consider monovision and matching two different types of IOLs,there are many challenges for us,e.g.to explain to the patients about the difference between expected and practical results,and the psychological adaptation requires a long period;and we should to avoid selection the lOLs blindly and to provide the best results and benefits for the patients.

Refractive cataract surgery not only provides patients with a clear and comfortable far vision,but also improves near and intermediate vision to meet the patient's demands.The present study analyzed the results of separate implantations of two different types of intraocular lenses(IOL)into two eyes of cataract patients(using one type of IOL in one eye and another type of IOL in the contralateral eye).By knowing the patients different life-styles and occupations and familiarity with the advantages of various pseudo-accommodative IOL can allow the surgeon to select the proper types of pseudo-accommodative IOL in two different eyes for obtaining the best visual function.

Objective To audit intraocular lens(IOL)power predictions for cataract surgery in high hyperopia by comparing the accuracy of different formulae of Haigis,SRK Ⅱ,Hoffer Q,Hollady,and SRK/T.Methods A comparative study was used in 31 eyes with cataract and high hyperopia underwent phacoemulsification and posterior chamber IOL implantation.Eyes were examined with A-scan and IOL Master before the operation.Postoperative refraction was examined 3 months after surgery.We compared the accuracy of prediction between these different formulae using IOL Master,and then compared the errors using the two different methods for axial length measurement.Results(1)Using IOL Master,the Haigis formula showed the smallest mean prediction errors(0.37±0.14),followed by the Holler Q,Holladay,SRK/T,and SRK Ⅱ formulae(-0.70±0.12,-0.97±0.15,-1.25±0.14,-1.46±0.13).The Haigis formula generated a slightly myopic result,but the other formulae generated hyperopic result at different degrees.(2)The A-scan led to a prediction error that was toward positive values(equivalent to underestimating axial length),whereas the IOL Master error was towards the negative.Hoffer Q formula appeared to be more accurate when measuring axial lengths with A-Scan,whereas Haigis formula was more accurate when combined with IOL Master(0.37±0.14).Conclusions For selection of IOL formula in cataract patients with high hyperopia,the Haigis would be the most accurate in IOL Master analysis,but the Hoffer Q was better when using A-scan.

Objective To study the effects of phacoemulsification surgery on the optical high order aberrations(HOA)of the cornea measured with Pentacarm.Methods It was a prospective case series study.HOAs of the anterior and posterior surface of cornea were measured before and after phacoemulsification surgery on 51 eyes of 45 patients.Monofocal foldable IOLs were implanted afterphacoemulsification through a clear-cornea,3.2 mm incision without suture.Patients were observed 1 day before surgery,and at 7 days,1 month and 3 months after surgery.HOAs included the total high order aberration(tHOA),spherical aberration(SA),coma,trefoil,3rd,4th,5 th,6th order aberrations.Root-mean-square(RMS)values of HOAs were obtained with 3 mm and 6 mm aperture using corneal topography of Pentacam pre-and postoperatively,and were divided into 3 mm and 6 mm aperture groups.Aberrations were compared in each eye using repeated measures and the optical changes induced by surgery were investigated.Results The total HOA of the anterior surface increased slightly from a mean of(0.289±0.171)μm preoperatively to(0.312±0.158)μm postoperatively with 3 mm aperture;and(0.980±0.215)μm preoperatively to(1.054±0.308)μm postoperatively with 6 mm aperture,respectively.The increase was not statistically significant(F=1.55,P=0.22),and the changing trend of the total HOA was similar between the two groups of 3 mm and 6 mm aperture(F=0.95,P=0.42).The changes of other HOAs were similar to the total HOA pre-and postoperative.The total HOA of the posterior surface increased significantly from(0.548±0.220)μm preoperatively to(0.661±0.275)μm postoperatively with 3 mm aperture,and(1.780±0.453)μm preoperatively to(1.945±0.532)μm postoperatively with 6 mm aperture.The increase was statistically significant(F=15.83,P=0.00).The changing trend of the total HOA showed statistically difference between these two groups(F=12.46,P=0.00).The changes of other HOAs were similar to the total HOA pre-and postoperatively.Conclusions Phacoemulsification cataract surgery does not systematically degrade the optical quality of the anterior corneal surface.However,it introduces significant changes in most HOAs of the posterior surface of cornea,so the surgery may degrade the optical quality of the posterior corneal surface.

Objective To assess whether preservative-free 1% lidocaine is capable of destroying the LECs in age-related cataract(ARC)in order to provide scientific basis for pursuing safe and effective drugs to eliminate LECs in cataract surgery.Methods Lens anterior capsule(LAC)specimens were collected from 75 patients(82 eyes)with age-related cataract(ARC),including forty males(44 eyes)and thirty-five females(38 eyes).The age range was 41-85 years,the mean age was 67.97 years.There were 34 cortical cataracts,22 nuclear cataracts and 26 subcapsular cataracts.Capsule specimens were divided into 4 groups:balanced salt solution(BSS)group Ⅰand group Ⅱ(exposed to BSS for 1 minute),lidocaine group (exposed to preservative-free 1% lidocaine for 1 minute)and the control group.Specimens were stained with trypan blue and alizarin red.Photomicrographs of each capsule were taken to observe the viability of LECs and to count the number of necrosis LECs.The pathologic changes of LECs were evaluated by histological methods(11 LAC,22 pieces)as well as transmission and scanning electron microscopes(5 LAC,10 pieces).In the control and BSS group Ⅰ(23 LAC),one half of each capsule specimen was used for the control group and the other half was used for BSS group Ⅰ.In lidocaine group and BSS group Ⅱ(43 LAC),one half of each capsule specimen was used for lidocaine group and the other half was used for BSS group Ⅱ.Results The rate of necrosis LECs of the anterior capsules in the control group and BSS group Ⅰwas (56.19±2.71)% and(57.23±1.98)%,respectively.The rate of necrosis LECs of the capsules in lidocaine group and BSS group Ⅱ was(99.86±8.22)% and(57.64±7.00)%,respectively.Matching t-test showed that the rate of necrosis LECs in lidocaine group was greater than that in the BSS group Ⅱ(t=27.6781,P=0.0000).There was no significant difference in the number of necrosis LECs between the control group and BSS group Ⅰ(t=2.0693,P=0.0505).There was also no significant difference between males and females;between different cataract,types and between varying age groups(P>0.05).After irrigated with lidocaine,LECs showed vacuoles and detached from the capsule,and many cavities appeared between the LECs and the capsule.The capsules of BSS and control group showed a normal layer of LECs attached to the capsule.Under transmission and scanning electron microscopes,in lidooaine group,the junction between the LECs and between the cells and the capsule were destroyed;many cells detached from the capsule and the rest arranged loosely.Some LECs dented and many vacuoles emerged,resulting in destruction of the cellular structures.Conclusion Preservative-free 1% lidocaine may loose the junction between LECs and between the cells and the capsule,and also destroy cellular structures,resulting in degeneration and necrosis of the LECs.

Objective Basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF)has been thought to play an important role during the development of posterior capsule opacification(PCO)by promoting the growth of lens epithelial cells(LECs).In the present study,we sought to explore the inhibition effect on LEC-B3 cells growth by plasmid-based RNA interference(RNAi)targeting bFGF.Method It is a prospective study.LEC-B3 cells,an immortal human lens capsule epithelial cell line,were identified as human lens epithelium by immunohistochemiscal assay of αB-crystalline.Both bFGF and bFGF receptor 1(FGFR1)mRNA expressions of LEC-B3 cells were determined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).Based on the identification of bFGF expression,plasmid-based RNA interference(RNAi)was used to inhibit bFGF mRNA expression of LEC-B3 cells by stable transfection,bFGF mRNA and protein levels were examined by real time PCR and western blot,respectively.Then the flow cytometry(FCM)was performed to evaluate proliferation cell nuclear antigen(PCNA)expression.PCNA level in bFGF-interfered LEC-B3 cells was compared to that of the control.P<0.05 was regarded as statistically different.Results bFGF and FGFR1 mRNAs were abundantly expressed in LEC-B3 cells,bFGF mRNA and protein levels were both down-regulated by stable transfection of bFGF siRNA expression plasmid.PCNA expression was significantly decreased by inhibiting bFGF expression(t=-5.0011,P=0.0005).Conclusions bFGF and FGFR1 mRNA are extensively expressed in LEC-B3 cells.Plasmid-based RNAi targeting bFGF can lead to potent inhibition of LEC-B3 cells growth,which may play a part in dealing with the development of PCO.

Objective To assess the clinical efficacy and safety of LASEK in the treatment of super high myopia.Methods It was a retrospective case series study.Fifty-six eyes of 33 cases with super high myopia were treated with LASEK.Mean spherical equivalent preoperative was(-11.70±1.59)D(range from-10.0 D to-15.13 D),mean ablation zone was(5.3±0.51)mm(range from 4.3 mm to 6.0 mm),mean ablation depth was(146.1±29.3)μm.The mean time of alcohol used treatment was (29.2±2.8)seconds.Postoperative follow-up assessments were performed at 1,3,6 and 12 months after surgery.Postoperative measurements included slit-lamp microscopy,manifest refraction,un-corrected visual acuity(UCVA),best corrected visual acuity(BCVA),intraocular pressure and haze,etc.The time of follow-up was more than one year.The results were analyzed with ANOVA by SPSS software.Results Fifty percent of eyes obtained UCVA of ≥1.0,and 78.6% of eyes obtained UCVA ≥0.6,at six months after operation.Forty-one percent eyes obtained UCVA of ≥11.0,and 73.2% eyes obtained UCVA ≥0.6 at one year postoperatively.The mean UCVA in Snellen chart was 0.85±0.20,0.88±0.28,0.84±0.26 and 0.83±0.28 at 1,3,6 and 12 months after operation,respectively.These data were transformed into lgMAR visual acuity and analyzed statistically.There was no significant statistically difference between UCVA at different follow-up periods(F=0.749,P=0.518).The postoperative UCVA compared to preoperative BCVA being the same/or improved in 71.4% eyes and decreased in 28.6% eyes at six months after operation;and was 64.3%,and 35.7% at one year after operation,respectively.The effective index was 0.994 and 0.992 at six and twelve months after operation,respectively.The postoperative BCVA compared to preoperative being the same(or improved)and decreased at six and twelve months after operation was 85.3%vs.14.7%,and 84.8% vs.15.2%,respectively.The mean BCVA in Snellen chart was 0.90±0.17,0.94±0.24,0.95±0.16 and 0.96±0.16 at 1,3,6 and 12 months after operation,respectively.These data were transformed into lgMAR visual acuity and analyzed statistically.There was no significant statistically difference between lgMAR BCVA at difference different follow-up periods(F=1.567,P=0.229).The safe index at 6 and 12 months were 1.009 and 1.010.The incidence of refraction regression at 3,6 and 12 months after operation was 19.6%,28.6% and 30.3%,respectively.Mean regressive diopter in regressed eyes at 3,6 and 12 months after operation was(-1.20±1.08)D,(-1.23±0.75)D,(-1.49±1.04)D,respectively.Haze grade 0.5 was 21.4% at 3 months after operation;grade 0.5 and 1 were 8.9% and 5.4% at 6 months after operation,respectively,at 6 months after operation.Haze grade 0.5 was 12.5% at one year after operation.The incidence of high intraocular pressure induced by topical use of corticosteroid eye drop was 8.9%.Conclusions LASEK is a safe and effective procedure for correction of super high myopia,though there is still some regression happened after operation and the intraocular pressure should be observed during the follow-up periods.

Objective To evaluate the viability of corneal epithelial cells and to determine the anatomic cleavage on the epithelial basement membrane after various exposure times to 20% ethanol during epithelial flap preparation in laser-assisted subepithelial keratectomy(LASEK)in cadaver eyes.Methods Six human cadaver eyes were exposed to 20% ethanol for 20,30 and 40 seconds(2 eyes for each group),and another one eye was used as the control.PCNA staining was performed to determine the viability of corneal epithelial cells.Immunofluorescence staining using monoclonal antibodies against collagen Ⅶ,and immunohistological staining using monoclonal antibodies against laminin were performed to detect the anatomic location of the cleavage plane on the corneal epithelial flaps created by 20 seconds exposure to 20% ethanol in cadaver eyes.Results Hematoxylin and eosin staining of epithelial flaps revealed a coherent stratified epithelium.The PCNA positive rates of the epithelial cells in the flap decreased in the 20-second group,30-seconcl group and 40-second group successively.Immunohistological staining to laminin was patchy in the lifted flap and the remaining corneal basement membrane.Immunofluorescence to collagen Ⅶ,the main component of anchoring fibrils remained exclusively in the corneal bed.Conclusions Viability of the epithelial flap decreased with longer time exposure to ethanol.The cleavage plane of the ethanol-treated corneal epithelial flap is located between the lamina lucida and the lamina densa of the basement membrane where laminin forms hemidesmesome.

Objective To investigate the effects of laser in situ keratomileusis(LASIK)for treatment of presbyopia with hypermetropi& Methods 32 presbyopia patients(64 eyes)with hypermetropia were treated by LASIK and follow-up 1 year.The preoperative sphere was+0.75 to +3.00 D and cylinder was 0.00 to +1.75 D.For distance vision correction,the target refraction was 0.00 to-0.50 D in the dominant eye.And for near vision,the target refraction was-1.50 to-2.50 D in the non-dominant eye.The measurement including refraction,uncorrected visual acuity(UCVA),near vision,Q factor of cornea and contrast sensitivity were recorded.Results At 1 year after surgery a toted of 53.1%(17/32)of all patients had binocular distance UCVA of 20/25 or better along with J3or better near,and along with J4orbetter near was 87.5%(28/32).The postoperative corneal refractive power was significant higher than preoperative[3mm:(44.12±1.38)D,5 mm:(43.42±1.53)D] and Q factor became more negative.At 1 year 87.5%(28/32)and 100.0%(32/32)of the dominant eyes treated for distance had a manifest refractive spherical equivalent within±0.50 and±1.00 D of intended correction,respectively;of the non-dominant eyes treated for near,56.2%(18/32)and 90.6%(29/32)had a manifest refractive spherical equivalent within±0.50 and±1.00 D of intended correction respectively.The difference of sensitivity was no statistically significant between preoperative and 6 months after surgery.There were 15.6% of the eyes had dry eye syndrome and 84.4% of the patients were satisfied with LASIK at 1 year after surgery.Conclusions LASIK was a effect surgery for treatment of presbyopia with hypermetropia.

Objective To study the efficacy of gentamycin,0.5% povidone-iodine and 5.0% povidone-iodine in eliminating rate of positive conjunctival bacteria cultures and aqueous humor contamination,and to observe their adverse effects.Methods It was a comparative study.Three hundred patients(300 eyes)were randomized to three groups:gentamycin group,0.5% povidone-iodine group and 5.0% povidone-iodine group.All patients received 1-day(6 times)topical application of 0.3% ofloxacin before surgery.Approximately 5 minutes before surgery,the conjunctival sac was irrigated with 5-8 ml gentamycin,0.5% povidone-iodine or 5.0% povidone-iodine,correspondingly.Conjunctival cultures were obtained at the following time points:before receiving any topical medications;after application of 1-day topical 0.3% ofloxacin,before irrigating the conjunctival sac;immediately before surgery approximately 5 minutes after conjunctival sac irrigation and at the end of the surgery.Anterior chamber aspirates were obtained at the beginning of the surgery.Bacteria isolated were identified and antibiotic susceptibility was determined.The rate of positive conjunctival cultures among each group was compared and significance of the difference was tested with the Pearson chi-square test.Results Rate of positive conjunctival cultures before the conjnnctival irrigation was 79.7%,76.6% and 77.8% in the gentamycin group,0.5% povidone-iodine group and 5.0% povidone-iodine group,respectively.The difference between these three groups was not statistically significant(X2=0.28,P=0.86).At the end of surgery,the rate of positive conjunctival cultures in these three groups was 11.7%,8.3% and 6.3%,respectively.The difference between these three groups was also not statistically significant(X2=1.74,P=0.41).The average rate of anterior aqueous contamination was 4.9% and there was no significant difference among these three groups(P>0.05).Conclusions Both 0.5% povidone-iodine and 5.0% povidone-iodine using for irrigating conjunctival sac are safe.Gentamycin,0.5% povidone-iodine and 5.0% povidane-iodine have similar effects on the reduction of the bacteria in conjunctival sac.

Objective To demonstrate the variations in the niche of limbal stem cells and the limbal basal epithelial cells in vivo by confocal microscopy.Methods One hundred and twenty eyes of 120 healthy subjects were enrolled in this study after a routine slit-lamp examination.They were divided into four groups according to the age:group A(0-),group B(20-),group C(40-)and group D(60-79).Confocal microscopic examination in vivo was performed and the images of the inferior limbus were recorded.The morphologic features of each group were analyzed and the average size of limbal basal epithelial cells of each group were measured.Results The morphologic features of limbus varied among groups.96.7%(29/30)of group A showed clear Vogt Palisades,while 3.3%(1/30)showed no Vogt Palisades.96.7%(29/30)of group B also showed clear Vogt Palisades,while 3.3%(1/30)showed no Vogt Palisades.70.0%(21/30)of group C showed clear Vogt Palisades,while 13.3%(4/30)showed atrophic Vogt Palisades and 16.7%(5/30)showed no Vogt Palisades at all.33.3%(10/30)of group C showed clear Vogt Palisades,while 10.0%(3/30)showed atrophic Vogt Palisades and 56.7%(17/30)showed no Vogt Palisades at all The average size of limbal basal epithelial cells in each group was(9.89±1.12),(10.65±1.45),(10.70±1.39)and(12.22±1.42)μm in soquence.Condusions There is varitions in the microenvironment of niche in human limbus.Meanwhile,limbal basal epithehal cells showed different quantity and cell size,demonstrating varied proliferative potential.

Objective To study on the outcome of the eyes with silicone oil tamponade retrospectively,and to observe ocular complications and prognosis after long-term intraocular silicone oil tamponade.Methods Retrospective observational case series.36 patients(37 eyes)with silicone oil tamponade for over 2 years without removal were analyzed from 1992 to 2005 in our hospital The patients were 30 males(31 eyes)and 6 females(6 eyes);age ranged from one year and 2 months to 73 years old.The lasted time of silicone oil tamponade were from 2 to 13 years.37 eyes were all open ocular trauma,including traumatic eyeball rupture 24 eyes,intraocular foreign body 5 eyes,ocular perforating injury 3 eyes and penetrating injury 5 eyes.Vitrectomy,retinotomy and retinectomy,retinal photocoagulation and silicone oil tamponade were performed in different patients.Results Complete retinal attachment was seen in 13 eyes(35.1%);partly retinal attachment was accomplished in 11 eyes;retinal detachment with silicone oil tampenade was revealed in 7 eyes.Visual acuity in 9 eyes was better than 0.01(24.3%),the best vision acuity was 0.1 among all of patients.The complications in the long-term follow-up included:cornea band-shaped degeneration 13 eyes(35.1%);complete corneal opacity 6 eyes;silicone emulsification 17 eyes (45.9%);secondary glaucoma 2 eyes;cataract 4 eyes,without obvious complications 8 eyes(21.6%).Conclusions Long-term intraocular silicone oil tamponade will be adaptive and rational in serious ocular trauma if no other better treatments can maintain retinal attachment and the appearance of eyeball.

Intraeperative floppy iris syndrome(IFIS)has been recently identified as a new small pupil syndrome during phacoemulsification.This syndrome is characterized by three intraoperative features:a flaccid iris stroma that undulates and billows in response to intraocular fluid currents;a propensity for the floppy iris stroma to prolapse toward the tip of phacoemulsification and side-port incisions despite proper wound construction;and progressive intraoperative pupil constriction despite standard preventive preoperative pharmacologic measures designed to prevent this.It is now mostly considered that IFIS is associated with the use of tamsolusin,a highly selective α-1A receptor antagonist for the treatment of benign prostatic hypertrophy.It is recommended that a careful history of the use of α-1 blocking agents be taken before cataract surgery to anticipate the occurrence of IFIS.A combination of strategies could decrease the complications of IFIS.These procedures include preoperative use of atropine,intracameral injection of dilute phenylephrine or epinephrine,the use of super-cohesive ophthalmic viscosurgical devices,lower phacoemulsification vacuum and aspiration settings and various iris hooks or pupil dilators.

The hot shock proteins(HSP)were discovered by Ritossa in the fruit fly salivary gland after heat stimulation,giving the name HSP.In following comprehansive studies,it was recovered that HSP was a group of highly conservative cell stress proteins in all organisms.HSP are expressed under many stress conditions,e.g.in the presence of high temperature,heavy metal,oxygen deficit,ethyl alcohol and viral or bacteriae infections,etc.HSP,as the molecular companion,play a vital role in the folding,stability and synthesis of the protein.The lens opacification(cataract)is one of most common causes of blindness in the world.Various studies indicate that the occurrence of cataract is directly related to free radical production,oxidized damage,changes of the proportion of lens protein and apeptnsis of lens capsule epithelial cells,etc.Recent studies indicated that the lens expresses a series of HSP.They play a key role in maintaining the stability and transparency of the lens.This article is a summary of the relationship between the HSP and the occurrence of cataract.

Endothelial keratoplasty(EK)is a new surgical method in treatment of corneal endothelial keratopathy,which retains healthy portions of a patient's cornea while replacing diseased endothelium with healthy donor tissue.In the past decade EK has been used increasingly and has shown better results over standard penetrating keratoplasty.The emergence and improvement of EK demonstrate the convert of corneal transplantation to refined and refractive surgery.EK,which has favorable refractive outcomes and potential low rejection rate,opens a new era for the treatment of endothelial dysfunction.However,there are still some aspects requiring to be studied,such as the methods of implantation to decrease graft dislocation rate and endothelial cell loss,use of femtosecond laser in EK to improve refractive errors,and the long-term result of immune rejection rate.

As a journal with strong academic strength and extensive academic influence in ophthalmology in China, in order to better serve the majority of ophthalmologists in China, strengthen clinicians' cognition of various ophthalmology surgical concepts, surgical standards and surgical effects, and thus promote the development and improvement of clinical surgical skills in China, Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology will hold a series of select activities of Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology for ophthalmologists all over the country. The participating materials are surgical videos, and the evaluation committee of the activity is composed of the editorial board of relevant majors of Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology. Based on the principle of fairness and justice, the academic level is the leading factor, and the participating materials are evaluated according to the standardization of operation, skills, difficulty, excitement and other items. The results of the selection will be announced and awarded at the National Academy of Ophthalmology, and published in Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology in written form. Some or all of the selected surgical videos will be included in the CD-ROM of Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology for distribution.

The 2009 First China Ophthalmology Basic Research Conference and Graduate Tutor Forum will be held in Huatai Hotel, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province from February 12 to 15, 2009. This conference is hosted by Ophthalmology Branch of Chinese Medical Association and Sun Yat-sen Ophthalmology Center of Sun Yat-sen University. It is the first basic research event in domestic ophthalmology!

Sponsored by Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology of Chinese Medical Association and co-organized by Ophthalmology Professional Committee of Heilongjiang Medical Association, the "2008 National Academic Symposium on Application of New Ophthalmology Clinical Technologies and New Equipment" will be held in Harbin, Heilongjiang Province from December 19 to 23, 2008. At that time, well-known experts and academic leaders in ophthalmology in China, such as Ge Jian (chairman of the conference), Zhao Kanxing, He Shouzhi, Yao Ke, Sun Xinghuai and Liu Guoguo, will be invited to give special lectures. The contents involve the improvement and popularization of ophthalmic diagnosis and treatment technology, the expansion and application of ophthalmic imaging technology, the development and development of ophthalmic instruments, equipment and consumables, etc. Ophthalmologists and researchers in related fields from all over the country are welcome to sign up to participate, and participants will receive national continuing education credit certificates.

With the approval of China Association for Science and Technology, the 9th International Conference on Ophthalmology and Optometry, co-sponsored by Shanghai Medical Association Ophthalmology Branch, East China Medical Association Ophthalmology Branch, Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat Hospital affiliated to Fudan University, Optometry Group of Chinese Medical Association Ophthalmology Branch, Optometry College of Wenzhou Medical College and China International Science and Technology Conference Center of China Association for Science and Technology, will be held at Jinan International Convention and Exhibition Center in Shandong Province from March 27th to 29th, 2009.

arsenic trioxide (As2O3) is an effective component of traditional Chinese medicine arsenic. Chinese scholars have applied As2O3 as an anti-tumor drug in the clinical treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia, and achieved satisfactory curative effect [1].

A 32-year-old female was presented to our hospital for correction of refractive error on March 24, 2006 due to 16 years of myopia in both eyes.

With the improvement of surgical technique, the renewal of surgical equipment and the application of glucocorticoids and antibiotics, the effect and safety of phacoemulsification cataract aspiration have been significantly improved in recent years.

The patient was a 76-year-old female who came to our hospital on November 9, 2007 due to redness and pain in the left eye and photophobia for more than 1 month and aggravated for 5 days. The patient initiated Raynaud's syndrome in 1954 and was diagnosed with systemic scleroderma in 1989.

toxic anterior segment syndrome (TASS) is a kind of aseptic inflammatory reaction after intraocular surgery, which causes a series of toxic damage to anterior segment tissues due to non-infectious antigenic substances entering the anterior segment.

Fundus yellow spots and Stargardt disease belong to the same class of diseases. The former is mainly fundus yellow spots with macular degeneration; The latter is adolescent macular degeneration with yellow spots or yellow spots in the fundus of the eye, which is a common clinical macular dystrophy disease [1].

Familial retinal arteriole tortuosity is a rare hereditary congenital abnormality of retinal vascularity. We treated a mother and son with this disease in 2007, and the analysis and report are as follows.

Clinically, amoeba is highly resistant to many anti-infective drugs, and the therapeutic effect is poor.In 2007, a patient with this disease was diagnosed and treated in our hospital, and the report is as follows.

The main pathogen of Acanthamoeba keratitis is Acanthamoeba. Although the incidence rate of Acanthamoeba keratitis is only 1% of infectious keratitis, the prognosis is not good, and it is a severe blinding eye disease.

toxic anterior-segment sydrome (TASS) was first proposed by Monson et al. [1] in 1992. It is a group of acute anterior chamber aseptic inflammatory reactions that occur within 12-24 hours after cataract or other anterior segment surgery.

The World Ophthalmology Academic Congress and the 13th National Ophthalmology Academic Congress of Chinese Medical Association were held in Hong Kong from June 27 to July 2, 2008. This conference is a large-scale global ophthalmology event jointly sponsored by the International Ophthalmology Council, Asia Pacific Ophthalmology Society, Ophthalmology Branch of Chinese Medical Association and Hong Kong Ophthalmology Society. This is also the first World Ophthalmology Congress held in China.