2017年 · 第50卷第12期

Because of its high morbidity, mortality and disability, stroke brings a heavy economic burden to society and families. In recent years, the morbidity and mortality of stroke in developed countries have been decreasing to a certain extent, while in low-and middle-income countries, it has been rising continuously^[1]。 In recent years, cerebrovascular disease has risen to the top cause of death in China^[2]。 Therefore, it is an important task to understand the epidemic situation of stroke in China and formulate prevention and control strategies according to China's national conditions.

carotid artery stenosis is a major risk factor for ischemic stroke, and carotid artery stenting (CAS) is an important treatment^[1]。 The degree of collateral circulation opening affects the clinical manifestations of patients with carotid artery stenosis to some extent, but how does the degree of collateral circulation establishment affect the prognosis of patients after CAS surgery? We compiled the preoperative and follow-up data of CAS patients in our hospital, and conducted a comparative study to explore the relationship between the degree of collateral circulation opening and the postoperative prognosis of CAS patients.

Castleman's disease is a rare chronic lymphoproliferative disease, which is currently considered to be a non-specific inflammatory reaction, related to viral infection and autoimmune regulatory disorders, and can be accompanied by multisystem symptoms. Clinical cases of recurrent stroke complicated with Castleman's disease caused by carotid artery dissection have not been reported at home and abroad. We report the data of a patient admitted to our hospital, and combine the literature to explore the role of Castleman's disease in the occurrence of stroke for clinical reference.

transient focal neurological events (TFNE) were first developed in 1993 by Greenberg et al.^[1]It is one of the main clinical manifestations in patients with cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA). In recent years, TFNE has gradually been recognized as a characteristic clinical manifestation of CAA. It is mainly transient, recurrent and stereotypical neurological symptoms, which can be divided into positive symptoms and negative symptoms. The main positive symptoms include diffuse paresthesia with aura, visual stimulation symptoms or limb twitching, etc. The main negative symptoms include transient ischemic attack, such as sudden limb weakness, speech impairment, or vision loss, with imaging manifestations of cortical superficial siderosis (cSS) or convexal subarachnoid hemorrhage (cSAH), indicating a high risk of intracranial hemorrhage in CAA patients^[2,3]。 Published in 1997Primer on cerebrovascular diseasesThe book mentioned in the section on transient focal neurological seizures that a variety of causes affecting the central nervous system can lead to TFNE, such as transient ischemic attack, migraine with aura, partial seizures, subdural hematoma, demyelinating disease, brain tumor, focal encephalitis and hypoglycemia, etc^[4]。 The case characteristics of two patients with moyamoya disease presenting with TFNE who were hospitalized in our hospital in October 2016 and November 2016 are reported below.

Behcet's disease is a chronic, vasculitis autoimmune disease of unknown etiology that can affect various types of blood vessels and multiple systems throughout the body. The incidence of vena cava occlusion and intracranial venous thrombosis (CVT) caused by Behcet's disease was low^[1,2]However, the above two manifestations in patients with Behcet's disease have not been reported in China. We report a case of diffuse thrombosis of intracranial venous sinuses, right internal jugular vein, superior vena cava, with pulmonary manifestations, with a favorable prognosis after treatment with glucocorticoids, immunosuppressants and anticoagulants.

rapid-onset dystonia-parkinsonism (RDP), or dystonia type 12 (DYT12), is a rare movement disorder caused by the mutation of ATP1A3, a gene encoding the α 3 subunit of sodium-potassium ATP pump. It is autosomal dominant and has incomplete penetrance^[1]。 At present, many RDP families and sporadic cases have been reported abroad, while only one patient with childhood onset has been reported in China^[2]There are no related reports of adult onset. We report a case of adult-onset RDP with typical clinical manifestations and confirmed by genetic testing to increase the clinical understanding of this disease.

Legionella infection can cause systemic multi-system damage with pneumonia as the main manifestation, but Legionella infection with ataxia and peripheral nerve damage as the main manifestation and mild lung infection symptoms has not been reported. We report two cases of Legionella infection with ataxia and peripheral nerve involvement as the main manifestations as follows.

cryptogenetic stroke (CS) refers to the diagnosis of CS if the cause of stroke cannot be determined after standard assessment or standard assessment + advanced assessment, accounting for 10% to 40% of all ischemic strokes^[1,2]。 Most CS originates from unidentified cardiac causes^[3]However, due to the lack of relevant scientific evidence, antiplatelet therapy is still the main treatment option for most patients with CS when atrial fibrillation is excluded. At present, the understanding of CS is still insufficient in clinic. We review the latest progress in definition, epidemiology, etiology and pathogenesis, diagnosis, examination, evaluation and treatment of CS in order to improve the understanding of CS by clinicians.

Important human genetic information is stored in the form of DNA, and its expression is achieved by transcription into RNA and then translation into proteins. In the human genome, only<2% of the genes are translated into proteins, and the remaining 98% are considered "junk DNA", but they are still transcribed into non-coding RNAs, including transport RNA, ribosomal RNA, small nucleolar RNA, microRNA, small interfering RNA, small nuclear RNA, extracellular RNA, piRNA, and long chain non-coding RNA^[1]。

benign temporal lobe epilepsy (BTLE) refers to a class of temporal lobe epilepsy without seizures for a long time with or without antiepileptic drugs^[1]Generally defined as episode-free for at least 1 to 2 years^{[2,3,4,5,6,7]}。 At present, people pay more attention to drug-refractory temporal lobe epilepsy (RTLE), but there are few studies on BTLE. Moreover, there are some differences in the diagnostic criteria of BTLE in previous studies, which leads to people's insufficient understanding of BTLE. In recent years, more and more studies have proved that some patients with temporal lobe epilepsy respond well to drugs. We review the research progress of BTLE to improve people's understanding of it.

The 19th National Neurology Conference of Chinese Medical Association was held in Guangzhou, Guangdong Province from September 22 to 25, 2016. This conference was sponsored by Chinese Medical Association and Neurology Branch of Chinese Medical Association, undertaken by Guangdong Medical Association and Neurology Professional Committee of Guangdong Medical Association, and co-organized by the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University. The number of participants reported to the conference was 4,220, and the number of submissions received was 3,787; The number of delegates and submissions reached a record high.

Sponsored by Chinese Medical Association and Neurology Branch of Chinese Medical Association, hosted by Neuromusculology Group of Neurology Branch of Chinese Medical Association and Electromyography and Clinical Neurophysiology Group of Neurology Branch of Chinese Medical Association, and co-organized by Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, the 11th National Neuromuscular Conference was held in Changsha on May 4-6, 2017.