2016年 · 第39卷第01期

Microbiological tests provide essential evidence for the diagnosis, treatment and control of infectious diseases. Therefore, the microbiological test report is the focus of common attention of many parties such as clinical and laboratory. The development of clinical microbiology testing in China is weak, and there are various shortcomings in the report. At the same time, there are certain deficiencies in the communication between clinical and laboratory, and close cooperation is very necessary. Based on the actual problems, in order to standardize the drug sensitivity test reports of domestic clinical microbiology tests, strengthen the cooperation between clinical and laboratory, and give full play to the role of laboratory physicians, this consensus is specially formulated to guide the standardization of relevant reports, reduce errors, increase professional information, improve service quality, and provide a solid scientific basis for clinical medical diagnosis, treatment and control. This consensus is limited to drug susceptibility reports of common bacteria.

rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease characterized by synovitis of the joints, which easily leads to the destruction of cartilage and bone in the joints, joint dysfunction, and even disability^[1]。 Lymphocytes and monocytes play an important role in the occurrence and development of rheumatoid arthritis. Lymphocytes secrete anti-cyclic citrulline peptide, rheumatoid factor and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), while monocytes secrete interleukin 6 (IL-6), TNF-α and other cytokines, resulting in inflammatory response and target cell destruction^[2,3,4]In this process, the size, morphology and internal characteristics of lymphocytes and monocytes change accordingly. This small change cannot be observed through a microscope, but can be found through the volume + conductivity + light scatter (VCS) parameter of the blood cell analyzer^[5]。 It has been reported that the main cause of death in RA patients is cardiovascular disease, especially coronary atherosclerosis, in which lymphocytes and monocytes play an important role^[2]。 It has also been reported that VCS parameters can reflect the morphological changes of lymphocytes and monocytes in infectious diseases^[6,7,8]。 The aim of this study was to compare the parameters of lymphocyte and monocyte VCS in patients with RA at different stages (active phase and remission phase) and the characteristics of the changes that occur compared to healthy controls, to find out the parameters that are helpful for the diagnosis of the disease and the development of the disease.

The number of HIV/TB cases worldwide is increasing year by year, with an annual increase of nearly 10%^[1]。 Tuberculosis is the most common curable infectious disease among people living with HIV and the most common cause of death from HIV/AIDS. HIV selectively damages the body's immune system, causes the destruction of immune function, reduces immunity, makes tuberculosis bacteria take advantage of the situation, and is easy to secondary to various opportunistic infections, combined with intrapulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis, and the symptoms after infection are atypical, which often brings great difficulties to the judgment of the timing of diagnosis and treatment, resulting in further deterioration of the disease and increased mortality. Therefore, the screening of HIV-positive patients for tuberculosis is particularly important at the early stage of the disease.

The European Federation of Laboratory Medicine (EFLM) recently organized a major conference in Milan, Italy, on "Determining Analytical Performance Targets 15 Years After Stockholm"^[1]。 The previous Stockholm conference established a quality objective hierarchy and objective setting model^[2]。 The Milan conference may establish new global guidelines and metrology rules, highlighting measurement uncertainty (MU) and proposing the possibility of excluding total analytical error (TAE).