randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are the gold standard for evaluating the effectiveness of children's health interventions, but traditional RCTs often neglect patient and public involvement (PPI) in the design and implementation process, which may lead to challenges such as uneven methodological quality, low subject retention rate, and insufficient transformation of research results in the actual development process. In recent years, the importance of PPI in clinical research has been paid attention to. PPI refers to the involvement of patients, the public and their representatives in all stages of the study during the research process, including study design, implementation, results analysis and dissemination, etc. The core of PPI lies in ensuring that research can correctly reflect the needs and expectations of patients and the public, thus improving the scientificity and practicality of research, and enhancing the credibility and influence of research results, especially in the field of children's health.
