Fulminant myocarditis is a serious heart inflammatory disease caused by pathogenic infection or immune detection point inhibitors, with acute onset and rapid progression, and extremely high risk of death. Up to now, there is no effective treatment in Western countries except the use of mechanical circulatory support, and the mortality rate of patients during hospitalization is as high as 50%［1］。 On the basis of practice and research, Chinese scholars put forward a comprehensive treatment plan "based on life support" in 2017, namely the "China Plan", whose core content includes mechanical circulation support to replace cardiotonic and blood pressure-elevating drugs; Immunomodulatory therapy with adequate doses of glucocorticoids and immunoglobulins, rather than immunosuppressive therapy, and taking all feasible measures to reduce the burden on the heart［2］。 Over the past six years, the "China Scheme" has been promoted and applied nationwide, which has improved the understanding and diagnosis level of medical staff on fulminant myocarditis, and also verified the safety and effectiveness of the "China Scheme" in treating fulminant myocarditis［3, 4, 5］Reduce the mortality rate of fulminant myocarditis in China from more than 50% in the past to about 5%［5, 6］, ahead of the international level, and the long-term prognosis of patients is significantly better than that of western countries［7, 8］。 With the accumulation of clinical research and treatment experience in China, especially the publication of some multi-center clinical research and original basic research results, the chain of evidence has been fully established. The Cardiovascular Disease Branch of the Chinese Medical Association decided to upgrade the 2017 Chinese expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of fulminant myocarditis in adults to a guideline-"Chinese Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Fulminant Myocarditis in Adults", which will be published in the Chinese Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases in January 2024［9］。 The guidelines provide clear diagnostic criteria and effective treatment options for fulminant myocarditis, and are also authorized to be published in full in English［10］。 The promotion and application of the guidelines will help save more patients' lives. The guide adheres to the 2017 expert consensus, and there are also very clear innovations and highlights, mainly including the following aspects.
