Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) infections have been associated with high morbidity and mortality in patients with acute complications, particularly in the intensive care unit (ICU). The study aimed to determine the incidence, risk factors, and patient prognosis of CRE in ICU wards. Study A retrospective paired case-control study of ICU patients with positive cultures of CRE and carbapenem-sensitive Enterobacteriaceae (CSE) was conducted, with patients randomly selected as controls in a 1:1 ratio from CSE subjects. Among all patients admitted to the ICU, the infection rate of CRE was 7.6%, and the incidence of CRE infection was 5.6/1 000 d. Independent risk factors associated with CRE infection were: high sequential organ failure score (SOFA) and nutritional risk for critically ill patients (NUTRIC) scores, long ICU stay, previous surgical history, dialysis and mechanical ventilation during ICU stay, and history of aminoglycoside and carbapenem use. In this retrospective study, the incidence of CRE infection was relatively high among ICU hospitalized patients. Patients with high SOFA and NUTRIC scores, prolonged ICU stay, history of previous surgery, dialysis and mechanical ventilation, and history of aminoglycoside and carbapenem use may have an increased risk of CRE infection.
