2020年 · 第100卷第10期

Since December 2019, cases of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia (NCP) have been detected in Wuhan, Hubei Province. With the spread of the epidemic, such cases have been found in other parts of China and abroad. According to the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases, China has classified the disease as a Class B infectious disease, and adopted prevention and control measures for Class A infectious diseases. The National Health and Health Commission has also successively promulgated relevant diagnosis and treatment plans to guide clinical diagnosis and treatment^[1]。 According to the current epidemic data analysis, severe and critical patients account for about 10% of all confirmed cases, and the most important transmission modes are droplet transmission through respiratory tract and contact transmission, while the transmission routes such as aerosol and digestive tract remain clear^[1]At present, there have been many incidents of infection of medical staff. Standardization of airway management techniques and procedures is crucial for preventing cross-infection and infection of medical staff. Therefore, the Respiratory Critical Care Medicine Group of Respiratory Medicine Branch of Chinese Medical Association and the Critical Care Medicine Working Committee of Respiratory Physicians Branch of Chinese Medical Doctors Association organized experts who fought in the front line of fighting the epidemic in Wuhan or the local area, and specially formulated this recommendation based on the actual situation and literature basis to standardize the airway management of patients with severe NCP.

The most important mechanism of resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics in gram-negative bacteria and a few gram-positive bacteria is the production of various beta-lactamases. β-lactamase inhibitors can inhibit some β-lactamases and prevent β-lactam antibiotics from being hydrolyzed and inactivated. Therefore, β-lactam antibiotic/β-lactamase inhibitor compound preparation (abbreviated as β-lactamase inhibitor compound preparation) is an important choice for clinical treatment of β-lactamase-producing bacterial infection. There are many types and specifications of β-lactamase inhibitor compound preparations in clinical use in China. Clinical workers have uneven understanding of the characteristics of these preparations, and the problem of irrational clinical use is more prominent. Expert Consensus on Clinical Application of β-Lactam Antibiotics/β-Lactamase Inhibitor Mixtures prepared by this writing team in 2015^[1], has played an important role in guiding and standardizing the rational use of such antimicrobial drugs in clinical practice. With the change of bacterial drug resistance and the application of many new enzyme inhibitor compound preparations in clinic, in order to further standardize the clinical application of β-lactamase inhibitor compound preparations and delay the occurrence and development of bacterial drug resistance, the expert group has specially updated the consensus.