Diabetic nephropathy (DKD), one of the common chronic complications in diabetic patients, refers to chronic kidney disease (CKD) caused by diabetes and manifests as elevated urinary protein levels (urinary albumin-creatinine ratio ≥30 mg/g) and/or estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)<60 ml·min-1· (1.73 m2)-1And continued for more than 3 months, while excluding the clinical diagnosis of other etiologic CKD. A large-sample cohort study of diabetes in Europe and America reported that 20% ~40% of diabetic patients can develop DKD[1,2]。 China lacks a national representative diabetes cohort, and the prevalence of DKD reported by some regional studies is similar to that of European and American countries[3,4,5]。 Globally, DKD is the leading cause of CKD, including end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), and an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease and early mortality in diabetic patients[6,7]。