Volume 46 · Issue 10 · 2010

This year marks the 60th anniversary of the founding of the Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology, which is a great event worthy of celebration in the Chinese ophthalmology circle.When New China was just founded, some famous ophthalmologists in China were planning and even raising funds to publish a journal in the Chinese ophthalmology circle.On October 1st, 1950, the Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology was officially founded, which announced that Chinese ophthalmologists had their own professional journal.Although the Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology stopped publication twice during the "three years of natural disasters" and the "Cultural Revolution" in China, history has given the Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology an opportunity again, and the 30 years after the "reform and opening up" in 1978 are the periods when the Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology resumed publication to sustained and rapid development.

Looking back on the development course of Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology, many things are still vivid in my mind and fresh in my memory. The growth of Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology is closely related to the development course of ophthalmology in China. Let us collectively verify the growth course of Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology. The Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology experienced difficulties at the beginning of its publication. It was suspended twice due to three years of natural disasters and 10 years of turmoil. It was not until 1978 that it was resumed with the improvement of the national situation. Under the cordial care of the leaders of the Chinese Medical Association, the eager expectation of the ophthalmologists and the active efforts of the journal runners, the Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology finally resumed its publication. After 60 years of ups and downs, the Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology has become an excellent journal with high academic prestige and leading the development of ophthalmology.

Time flies by, and the 60th anniversary of the founding of Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology has been ushered in in an instant. At this special moment, as one of the people and witnesses of the resumption of Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology, I am deeply emotional from the bottom of my heart! Looking at the 33 volumes of the Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology since its resumption, my sweat of hard work has been sprinkled in the treatises filled with the fragrance of books, and my sweaty handwriting can be seen between the lines with the fragrance of ink. How many papers have been published by the editors' writing, and how many authors have made continuous progress in the process of revising papers under the guidance of experts. They have thrived with the Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology, some have become famous experts and scholars, some have become academicians today. Some people say that editors are making wedding dresses for others, although this is objective, but it is not entirely true, because editors are constantly improving and promoting themselves when sewing wedding dresses for others.

It has been 60 years since the founding of Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology. As an old editorial board member of this journal, I am very impressed. In 1955, I graduated from Zhejiang Medical College (now Zhejiang University School of Medicine) and engaged in ophthalmology. At that time, I can imagine my expectation and concern for the only ophthalmology professional journal in China, so I eagerly read and read again after every issue of the journal was published. In the early days of my career as an ophthalmologist, I wrote some case reports closely combined with clinical practice. Although it seems to be a superficial treatment experience today, the editorial department can treat the author seriously and enthusiastically, and take the trouble to revise it, so that those of us who have just stepped into the ophthalmology clinic can have the opportunity to learn scientific research methods. The earliest manuscript is "Distant Traumatic Retinopathy", which describes a farmer who suffered a pelvic fracture due to the collapse of his house, resulting in blurred vision in both eyes. He asked an ophthalmologist for consultation, and the result was that there was soft exudation in the posterior pole of both eyes.

The sigh of "time flies like an arrow, the sun and the moon fly like a shuttle" has been shared by everyone throughout the ages. Now, I am over 70 years old. Although I am still working in the front line, I am standing on the bank of the long river of history, looking forward to the passage of time, my heart is up and down, my feelings are deep, and my thoughts are thousands. Now, what makes me most unforgettable is my love affair with China Ophthalmology Journal.

When I was just in medical school, by chance, I got a copy of the Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology from a friend, the August 1978 issue of which was resumed. I opened the magazine with joy and respect and read it, and was immediately deeply attracted by the content published. 1978 was an important turning point in the process of socialist modernization in China. At that time, the country had just ended ten years of turmoil, crushed the perverse behavior of the "Gang of Four", and New China was in a period of waste and waste. The National Science Conference had just been held in March of that year, and the motherland ushered in the "spring of science", and all scientific undertakings were facing unprecedented development opportunities. The resumption of the Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology coincided with the right time. This resumption issue published the inscriptions of the major leaders of the country at that time for the "National Medical and Health Science Conference", which not only fully affirmed the achievements of China's medical and health undertakings, but also clearly expressed the beautiful longing and ardent expectation for the future development.

When we celebrate the diamond jubilee of Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology (CJO), we also reviewed its past and prospected its future. Under the effort by the editorial members and the great majority of ophthalmollogists for sixty years, CJO has become the most authoritative and academic journal in ophthalmology in China, and has formed the fine tradition of "to respect the profession, to believe the truth and to advance bravely". At present, CJO has a basis to further become the most authoritative academic journal in ophthalmology not only in the domestic but also in the world. For realizing the grand prospect, we should do more arduous effort for facing the all kind of the challenges in our ways forward; we should let the editorial committee to play the full role in our work; we should continue to raise the professional level of all editorial personnel; we should make great efforts to find and edit more and more articles with the high quality; we should observe the morals and ethics for editorial personnel; we should hear and accept the opinions, suggestions and criticisms; we should strength the international cooperation and communication.

Reviewing the 60-year history of Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology, we realise that it is now a tough period for journals and find the proper measure to deal with it. With the periodical achievements acknowledged, we focus more on the historical mission and resposibility of the future development as the publishers of Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology.

It is well known that corneal epithelial stem cells reside in the limbal basal layer.Recently, it has been found that oligopotent stem cells, located in the basal layer of corneal epithelium, can repair epithelial cell damage. Although corneal endothelial cells usually could not regenerate in vivo, stem cells have been detected in the endothelial cell layer and can convert into endothelial cells under certain circumstances. Stem cells are also present in corneal stroma. The heterogeneous stromal cells manifest features of neural crest progenitor cells in some situations, which make latent herpes simplex virus-1 infection possible. Moreover, the finding that the hyphal growth of different fungal pathogens shows different patterns in the cornea. This finding significantly promotes the surgical treatment of fungal keratitis. The major risk factor of acanthamoeba keratitis in China is trauma caused by plants or soil, which is different from developed countries, in which the major risk factor is contact lens wear. This finding provides important new information for clinical diagnosis of this disorder. Advances in basic and clinical corneal research in the last five years are reviewed in this article.

In the past five years, the cataract surgery rate increased in China. Cataract researches has made significant achievements and has gradually geared international standard. Along with the trend of increasing visual quality requirement to a higher level, studies of cataract face new opportunities and challenges. This article reviews the progress and problems of cataract studies in the past five years in China in order to make further development in this field.

Great progresses have recently been made in glaucoma fields, including basic research and clinical management. This review covers major areas in the study of glaucoma, including epidemiology,pathogenesis, integrated imaging technology, medicine, laser and surgical therapy of glaucoma, as well as the new trends of development. This paper provides the future direction in the research of glaucoma.

In the past 5 years, the diagnosis and management of ocular fundus diseases in China has been improved remarkably. Up-to-date international concepts of diagnosis and management, methods, and equipments have been introduced into China, which have promoted the therapeutic technology of ocular fundus diseases. In the field of diagnosis, the application of frequency-domain optical coherence tomography and fundus autofluorescence detection technology not only provided more detailed image information for clinical diagnosis, but also helped clinical ophthalmologists to understand the features and pathogenesis of ocular fundus diseases comprehensively, leading the doctors into a new era of examination of ocular fundus diseases. In the field of treatment, Chinese researchers actively performed innovative clinical studies, such as organizing domestic multi-center studies of various therapies of macular hole retinal detachment,developing full-length humanized antibody fusion protein KH902 with intellectual property rights, using implants of autologous retinal pigment epithelium patch with Bruch membrane to treat age-related macular degeneration, using photodynamic therapy to treat central serous chorioretinopathy, 20 gauge small incision vitrectomy and surgical therapy of central retinal artery occlusion, etc. Moreover, certain amounts of high quality clinical papers have been published in SCI journals, which showed that clinical research of ocular fundus diseases in China has entered the field of international ophthalmology and has geared to international standards.

In the past 5 years of the new century, with the development of national power and the accompanied increase of international academic communication, the researchers and clinical scientists of pediatric ophthalmology and strabismus in China actively participated in the international academic communication and competition and made great achievements. Many excellent works of clinical studies or basic researches in this field were recognized by the academic community of the world. Young ophthalmologists in pediatric ophthalmology and strabismus have been trained and well developed. The position of Chinese pediatric ophthalmology and strabismus in the global academic community has been moved up gradually.

Remarkable advance for the treatment of opening eye injuries have been achieved in the past 5 years. Very valuable results have been obtained from the database of cumulative studies on eye injuries managed with vitrectomy. Timing of vitrectomy for opening-injured eyes was a significant factor to influence their outcome. Estimation of a quarter of injured eyes with no light perception could gain anatomic recovery with various improvement of visual acuity. Previous conventional treatment pattern for opening anterior segment injury lacked proper debridement on inside of wound which resulted unfavorable outcome.Vitrectomy at early stage ( 1 - 3 weeks after initial repair of wound ) in selected cases could be a recommended treatment to improve outcomes in opening anterior segment injury.

Even though started behind others, we have made an unprecedented development in oculoplastic surgery by the efforts of all ophthalmologists in China. Basic research and clinical applications of biomaterials have promoted the development of oculoplastic surgery greatly. Tissue engineering techniques have been used to construct artificial bone for repairing orbital bone defect, this is at the cutting edge of tissue construction and repair of defects. Moreover, with the development of ophthalmology, maxillofacial surgery, microsurgery and with the application of endoscopic technique and computer analysis and design,oculoplastic surgery has improved significantly and has been utilized in a wide field as never before. We anticipate that oculoplastic surgery can be developed continuously in the next 5-10 years.

To commemorate the 60th anniversary of Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology, here we briefly review the progress in the field of ophthalmic pathology. Recalling the development of ophthalmology in China,ophthalmic pathology has made numerous achievements and kept developing steadily. The field of ophthalmic pathology has been extended and remarkable scientific outcomes have been accomplished. This article concisely summarizes the development of ophthalmic pathology in China over the past five years,reviews and analyzes the present status of ophthalmic pathology in the fields of ophthalmic oncology, orbital diseases and other relevant fields. Future developing direction and prospective subjects are raised as well.

The exclusive strategic cooperation of "Chinese Medical Association Series Journal Database" reached by Chinese Medical Association and Beijing Wanfang Data Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as Wanfang Data) has been successfully operated for 3 years, and a new round of exclusive cooperation agreement has been renewed at the end of June 2010. The right to disseminate digital information network of 123 medical journals in 24 provinces and municipalities directly under the Central Government under the Chinese Medical Association will continue to be exclusively granted to Wanfang Data. Both sides will continue to practice the strategic goal of "inheriting a century-old classics and creating a group of fine Chinese journals; Reproducing the century chapter and building a new aircraft carrier of medical information".

The Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology was founded on October 1, 1950. It was sponsored by the Chinese Medical Association and edited by the Editorial Committee of the Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology. The editorial committee is composed of nearly 100 well-known ophthalmologists in China. The current editor-in-chief Zhao Kanxing and the editorial director Huang Yibin. The main readers of this journal are ophthalmologists all over the country, and it is publicly distributed at home and abroad. China Standard Issue Number: ISSN04124081, CN11-2142/R; Postal Code: 2-60; National map code: M93. The Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology has always implemented the principles and policies of the Party and the state on health work, implemented the principle of combining theory with practice, popularization and improvement, reported the major progress and innovative achievements of clinical and scientific research in ophthalmology in China, and promoted academic exchanges in ophthalmology at home and abroad. This journal is arranged according to international standards, and printed with English copyright pages, contents, abstracts, etc. All the accepted manuscripts are published and distributed in three forms: paper, CD-ROM and online electronic journals. We regularly exchange magazines with more than 30 countries and regions such as the United States, Britain and Japan.

digital object identifier (DOI) is a tool for identifying digital information including Internet information. In traditional publications, books, magazines, magnetic tapes and CD-ROM have international standard numbers (ISBN, ISSN, ISCN) and barcodes, as the unique identification of publications. These logos allow the publication to be effectively managed and easy for readers to find and utilize. Once the document on the Internet has changed the URL, there is no way to retrieve it.

If the topic involved in the thesis is a national or ministerial or provincial fund or key project, the name of the fund project should be indicated with "Fund Project": as a logo at the beginning of the article, and the project number should be indicated in parentheses. The name of the fund project shall be filled in according to the official name stipulated by the relevant departments of the state, and a number of funds shall be listed in turn, separated by ";". All fund projects must be accompanied by copies of certificates.

In order to strengthen the academic exchange of ophthalmology at home and abroad, expand the international vision of domestic ophthalmologists, and promote the integration of domestic ophthalmology with international standards as soon as possible, the Health Express Training Network (www.lxlearn.com) has been specially established. The training network will serve all domestic ophthalmologists in the form of public welfare.

In order to advocate the majority of ophthalmologists to pay attention to "repairing damaged nerves and promoting vision recovery", Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology of Chinese Medical Association and Eisai (China) Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. jointly held the 2010 Eisai Ophthalmology Award-winning essay contest.

Glaucoma is one of the main eye diseases causing blindness in China. In recent years, the proportion of primary open-angle glaucoma in primary glaucoma has gradually increased. Studies have shown that up to 75% of glaucoma patients need combination medication, and the compliance of combination medication in glaucoma patients is poor, which is one of the important reasons that leads to further impairment of visual function and even poor blindness in glaucoma patients.

Corneal disease is one of the main eye diseases causing blindness at present. According to statistics, there are more than 7 million blind people in China, of which about 8% are caused by corneal disease. The only hope for blindness caused by corneal disease is corneal transplantation. However, due to the lack of donor corneas, only 8,000 corneal transplantations are performed in China every year, and millions of patients can only pray for light in the dark. Therefore, early intervention for corneal diseases is crucial. "Protect the eyes and cherish the cornea" has become the focus of general concern in the society. In order to advocate the majority of ophthalmologists to pay attention to the prevention and treatment of corneal diseases, Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology of Chinese Medical Association and Xingqi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. jointly held the 2010 Xingqi "Cherish Cornea" Cup prize-winning essay contest.

It is estimated that by 2010, the number of glaucoma patients in the world will exceed 60 million, and the number of blind people will be nearly 10 million. The World Health Organization (WHO) has made the prevention and treatment of primary glaucoma one of the key tasks of blindness prevention. In order to advocate the majority of ophthalmologists to pay attention to the prevention and treatment of glaucoma, Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology of Chinese Medical Association and Alcon (China) Ophthalmic Products Co., Ltd. jointly held the 2010 Alcon "Healthy Intraocular Pressure" Cup prize-winning essay contest.

Ocular Surface Live Confocal Microscope (edited by Professor Xu Jianjiang), one of the Application Series of New Ophthalmology Technologies edited by Professor Sun Xinghuai of Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat Hospital affiliated to Fudan University, has been officially published by Fudan University Press. In vivo confocal microscope of ocular surface is a new type of high precision and high magnification microscope which has appeared in recent years. As an auxiliary diagnostic device with strong clinical practice, ocular surface confocal microscope can observe the corneal and conjunctival tissues in vivo in non-invasive, real-time dynamic and four-dimensional (three-dimensional + time), and can observe the relationship between various layers of tissues. Therefore, it has been widely paid attention by clinicians and scientific researchers.

The 2010 International Ophthalmic Drug Clinical Trial Standards Training Symposium, jointly sponsored by the State Food and Drug Administration Training Center, Shanghai Food and Drug Administration and the American Academy of Ophthalmology and Vision Research Sciences, and hosted by the First People's Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University, will be held in Shanghai from November 12 to 14, 2010. This conference was organized by authoritative experts from the American Academy of Ophthalmology and Visual Research Sciences and relevant officials of drug clinical research from the State Food and Drug Administration to give special lectures and discussions.

Following the successful holding of three national neuro-ophthalmology classes in a row, the fourth neuro-ophthalmology class jointly organized by Wu Jieping Medical Foundation and PLA General Hospital will be held in PLA General Hospital in Beijing from November 6 to 8, 2010.

The 17th National Conference on Ocular Trauma-Orbital Disease and the 5th National Orbital Disease Study Class, sponsored by the Ophthalmology Group of Ophthalmology Branch of Chinese Medical Association and the Orbital Disease Research Institute of Armed Police General Hospital, will be held in Kunming in March 2011. At that time, well-known experts and scholars in the field of ocular trauma, eye plastic surgery and orbital disease in China will gather in Kunming to share successful experiences with fellow ophthalmologists all over the country; At the same time, well-known domestic manufacturers are invited to display related products. This conference will conduct in-depth academic discussions on eye trauma, eye plastic surgery and orbital diseases.

The Ophthalmology Center of Tianjin Medical University will hold a 1-day academic seminar on orbital ocular plastic surgery on October 16, 2010. The conference will invite senior experts in this field in China to conduct academic discussions on the cutting-edge progress, difficult cases, diagnostic skills and surgical experience in the field of orbit and eye plastic surgery. This seminar has been included in Tianjin Continuing Medical Education Program (credit is 3 points). Registration fee is waived for the conference, and room and board are arranged uniformly at your own expense.

Ocular ischemia syndrome is a series of brain and eye symptoms caused by insufficient blood supply to the brain and eye caused by carotid artery obstruction or stenosis. Previously, the focus of the diagnosis and treatment of this syndrome was limited to the local signs of the fundus and symptomatic treatment. With the development of modern medical vascular examination equipment, the auxiliary examination methods of ocular ischemic syndrome are constantly updated and improved, and more and more ophthalmologists have recognized the importance of interdisciplinary combined treatment of ischemic syndrome.