Volume 42 ·  Issue 01 ·  2006

On behalf of the editorial board and editorial department of Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology, we would like to extend our congratulations to our fellow ophthalmologists all over the country. Sincere thanks to the readers, authors and all the people and groups who support and care about the work of this journal!

Keratoplasty is the most important means for blind people with corneal disease to recover vision, but postoperative immune rejection is still the main reason for surgical failure. With the continuous improvement of medical level in China, the number of hospitals carrying out keratoplasty is also increasing. How to reduce postoperative complications and improve the long-term transparency rate of graft is an important problem in front of many doctors engaged in keratoplasty. The core problem of keeping the long-term transparency of graft after keratoplasty is to pay attention to postoperative follow-up and prevention and treatment of immune rejection. This paper mainly analyzes the current situation of keratoplasty in China, existing problems and measures to reduce immune rejection, and puts forward corresponding treatment measures and suggestions for some common problems existing after keratoplasty, so as to reduce the problem of re-blindness caused by graft opacity caused by immune rejection after keratoplasty.

Objective to investigate the characteristics, treatment methods and effects on visual function of wound dehiscence after penetrating keratoplasty. Methods Thirty-two patients with wound dehiscence after penetrating keratoplasty were selected from July 1997 to June 2003. According to the degree of eyeball laceration, wound suture or combined iridectomy, lens resection, intraocular lens extraction, anterior segment vitrectomy, simultaneous or stage II vitrectomy or combined intraocular gas and silicone oil filling retinal detachment reduction were used to treat wound dehiscence and its complications. The changes of visual acuity, graft transparency, intraocular pressure and posterior segment structure of eyeball were observed after operation. Results 24 patients had eyeball retention, 8 patients had eyeball atrophy, 8 patients had suture rupture or loosening, 6 patients had visual acuity improved, corneal graft was transparent, intraocular pressure was normal, and there was no vitreous hemorrhage, choroidal and retinal detachment. 14 patients with wound laceration ranging from 1/4 to 1/2 weeks, 8 patients had visual acuity decreased, 11 patients had corneal graft opacity, There were 5 cases with abnormal intraocular pressure (decreased or increased), 8 cases with wound laceration ranging from 1/2 to 3/4 weeks, 7 cases with decreased visual acuity, 5 cases with corneal graft opacity, 7 cases with abnormal intraocular pressure (decreased or increased), 4 cases with vitreous hemorrhage, 4 cases with choroidal and retinal detachment, and 2 cases with wound laceration ranging from 3/4 weeks, all of them had no light sensation, corneal graft opacity, decreased intraocular pressure (ocular atrophy), vitreous hemorrhage and choroidal and retinal detachment after operation. Conclusion the wound stability and tensile resistance after penetrating keratoplasty are poor, and small external force can cause rupture.

Objective to observe and analyze the tissue structure and cell morphology of limbus and central cornea in normal human eyes by laser confocal microscope. Methods 28 eyes of 15 normal subjects were selected as normal healthy eyes after routine slit lamp microscope and ophthalmoscope examination. The upper and lower limbus and central cornea were examined by laser confocal microscope. The corneal images of each layer were recorded, the tissue structure and cell morphology were observed, and the cell density was counted and analyzed. Results The plane images (x, y axis) and longitudinal tomographic images (z axis) of limbus and central cornea were very clear, and dynamic video was obtained at the same time. The upper and lower limbus showed Vogt palisade structure, and the blood cell flow in blood vessels was dynamically observed. The epithelial cells in the superficial layer were arranged very loosely, the boundary was bright, and the cell body was dark. The average density of epithelial cells in the superficial layer of the upper and lower limbus was (812 ± 297) /mm2 and (785 ± 263) /mm2, respectively, The mean density of Langerhans cells in the upper and lower corneal limbs was (288±102) /mm2 and (254±127) /mm2, respectively (P>0.05). The epithelial cells in the central corneal surface were loosely arranged, the boundary was bright, and the cell body was dark. The mean density of Langerhans cells was (1098±315) /mm2, which was more than that in the upper and lower corneal limbs (P<The basal epithelial cells were tightly arranged. Nerve fiber plexus with strong reflection could be seen in the subepithelial and anterior stromal layers, and bright Langerhans cells were occasionally seen beside them. The shape was irregular, and the cell density was difficult to calculate. The superficial nerve fibers were small, with large curvature and many small branches, while the deep nerve fibers were thick, with small curvature and few branches. Under the dark background of the stromal layer, the elongated stromal cells were scattered, with poor edges and bright spindle-shaped nuclei. The endothelial cells were neatly arranged hexagonal cells with bright cell bodies and dark borders. The thickness of the whole central corneal thickness, stromal layer and epithelial layer were (543.0±62.9), (462.0±69.5) and (59.9±11.2) μ m, respectively. Conclusion Laser confocal microscope not only can perform non-invasive, real-time and biopsy examination of cornea, but also has the advantages of high definition, accurate depth localization, temporal dynamic observation and longitudinal tomography compared with traditional optical confocal microscope, and can provide ideal limbal images, which will be more valuable for basic research and clinical diagnosis of corneal diseases, especially limbal diseases.

Objective to investigate the clinical effect of "non-contact technique" combined with lamellar keratoplasty with limbus in the treatment of keratoconjunctival malignant melanoma. Methods Six patients (6 eyes) with keratoconjunctival malignant melanoma were selected from October 1989 to January 2004 in Sun Yat-sen Ophthalmology Center of Sun Yat-sen University. The tumor was removed in one block by "non-contact technique" in the affected eyes. During the operation, the direct contact between surgical instruments and tumor tissues was avoided. The conjunctival resection range was 4~6 mm outside the pigmented conjunctiva, the corneal resection area was 2 mm outside the tumor, and the resection depth of cornea and sclera was based on the absence of pigment residue on the implant bed. Fresh and viable donor tissues were selected, and partial lamellar keratoplasty with limbus or total lamellar keratoplasty in the resection area was performed at the same time, and combined amnioplasty was selected according to the extent of conjunctival resection. Six patients were closely followed up after operation to observe tumor recurrence and systemic metastasis. The interval of follow-up was no more than 6 months. Results All 6 patients underwent local tumor resection and free conjunctival edge freezing successfully. Among them, 3 cases were combined with "partial lamellar keratoplasty with limbus", 2 cases were combined with "total lamellar keratoplasty with limbus", and 1 case was combined with "total lamellar keratoplasty with limbus + amniotic membrane transplantation". Antibiotics, glucocorticoids and immunosuppressive ophthalmic solution combined with conventional chemotherapy were given after operation. The average follow-up period was 43.5 months (6 months to 14.6 years), and no in situ recurrence and systemic metastasis were observed. Conclusion "non-contact technique" was used to remove the tumor at one time and completely, combined with lamellar keratoplasty with limbus, which can effectively treat malignant melanoma of keratoconjunctiva.

Objective to investigate the efficacy and safety of endoscopic cyclophotocoagulation (ECP) in the treatment of refractory glaucoma. Methods 47 patients (51 eyes) with refractory glaucoma were treated with ECP using Endo Optics URAM-E2 laser endoscope system (4 eyes received 2 treatments). The changes of intraocular pressure, visual acuity and complications were observed. The patients were followed up for 6 to 16 months, respectively, with an average of 10.8 months. Results the mean intraocular pressure of 51 eyes was (35.3 ± 13.0) mm Hg (1 mm Hg =0.133 kPa) before operation, (19.9 ± 13.2) mm Hg at 1 week after operation, (22.0 ± 11.6) mm Hg at 1 month after operation, (17.6 ± 11.6) mm Hg at 3 months after operation, and (17.0 ± 10.4) mm Hg at 6 months after operation. The difference of intraocular pressure between preoperative and postoperative was statistically significant (P<The average preoperative use of intraocular pressure lowering drugs was 3.3, but the decrease was 1.0 after operation, the difference was statistically significant (P<There were 26 eyes with intraocular pressure ≤21 mm Hg, accounting for 51.0%; The visual acuity of 13 eyes with intraocular pressure ≤21 mm Hg (25.5%) was higher after operation than before operation (P<0.01). Among 51 eyes, 4 eyes had a small amount of hyphema after operation, which was absorbed at 2~5 days after operation; 23 eyes had fibrous exudation in the pupil area after operation, which was absorbed within 1 week after enhanced anti-infection treatment; Exudative choroidal detachment occurred in 2 eyes after surgery, which was reduced at 7 and 16 days respectively. All patients had no complications such as intraocular lens deviation or dislocation, intraocular pressure, retinal detachment, suprachoroidal hemorrhage, endophthalmitis or sympathetic ophthalmitis after surgery. Conclusion ECP can effectively reduce intraocular pressure in refractory glaucoma, and the operation is simple and without obvious serious complications. ECP is one of the safe and effective surgical methods for the treatment of refractory glaucoma.

Objective to investigate the changes of anterior chamber depth (ACD) after intraocular lens (IOL) implantation and its related factors in order to obtain an ideal postoperative refractive state. Methods 117 cataract patients (177 eyes) who underwent phacoemulsification and IOL implantation were followed up with complete data. The changes of ACD after operation and their relationship with axial length, corneal refractive power and IOL A constant were analyzed. The follow-up time was 3~24 months. Results The mean ACD before IOL implantation in 177 eyes was (3.19±0.39) mm, and the mean ACD after operation was (4.22±0.65) mm. The difference was statistically significant (P =0.000). The mean change of ACD after operation in 177 eyes was (1.03±0.61) mm; The changes of ACD after operation increased with the increase of axial length and corneal refractive power (r =0.866, 0.946; P =0.001). The IOL A constants were 118.0, 118.4 and 118.9, and the differences between ACD before operation and postoperation were statistically significant (P<0.01); The changes of ACD in the group with a constant of 118.9 were significantly different from those in the groups with a constant of 118.0 and 118.4 (P<0.05); There was no significant difference between the group with a constant of 118.0 and the group with a constant of 118.4 (P =0.957). Conclusion ACD after IOL implantation increases to varying degrees due to different factors such as axial length, corneal refractive power and IOL A constant. The changes of ACD and its related factors should be considered when studying the accuracy of IOL refractive power calculation formula and adjusting the calculation value of the formula.

Objective to evaluate the efficacy of 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) polylactic acid microspheres in the prevention and treatment of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR). Methods 5-Fu polylactic acid microspheres and 5-Fu raw material powder were injected into the vitreous cavity of rabbits, respectively, and the concentration of 5-Fu in the anterior aqueous humor was measured to observe the release characteristics of 5-Fu polylactic acid microspheres in vivo. Group 2 was the drug-free polylactic acid microsphere control group; After injecting macrophages into the vitreous cavity of rabbits to establish a PVR animal model, groups 1, 2 and 3 were injected into the middle and posterior vitreous parts of the left and right eyes of experimental rabbits respectively: group 1 was injected with 0.2 ml of BSS suspension of 5-Fu polylactic acid microspheres (equivalent to 25 mg microspheres, containing 2.6 mg of 5-Fu); 2 groups were injected with 0.2 ml of BSS suspension containing 25 mg of drug-free polylactic acid microspheres; 3 groups were injected with 5-Fu injection 0.2 ml (containing 5-Fu 2.6 mg) to evaluate the effect of preventing and treating PVR.Results Compared with 5-Fu raw material powder, the elimination half-life of 5-Fu polylactic acid microspheres was significantly longer, the half-life was 379.05 h, and the clearance rate was significantly reduced. Four eyes in the three groups were excluded due to acute drug toxicity. The efficacy experiment showed that the incidence of retinal detachment in the two groups was 62.5% and 71.9% on 21 and 28 days; Three groups were 64.3% and 78.6%; The incidence of retinal detachment in group 1 was 13.3% and 13.3%, and the incidence of retinal detachment in group 1 was decreased, compared with group 2 and group 3, the difference was statistically significant (P<Conclusion 5-Fu polylactic acid microspheres have obvious sustained release effect, and vitreous cavity implantation can effectively prevent and treat experimental PVR induced by macrophages.

Objective to investigate the mechanism of selective M1 receptor antagonist pirenzepine in inhibiting myopia. Methods Forty 1-day-old chickens were randomly divided into 4 groups, group Ⅰ was normal group; Group Ⅱ was the simple masking group; Group Ⅲ was the drug control group; The right eyes of groups Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ were covered with translucent eye mask, and the deprived eyes of groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ were injected with 0.1 mol/L phosphate buffer solution and 10% pirenzepine solution subconjunctivally daily, respectively; Two weeks later, the diopter, axial length and equatorial diameter of the right eye of the four groups were measured. RNA and protein were extracted from the fibrous layer of corns sclera, and the expression levels of matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) and matrix metalloproteinase 2 inhibitor (TIMP-2) were detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunoblotting. Results the indexes of pirenzepine group were significantly lower than those of simple masking group and drug control group (P<0.01), compared with the normal group, relative myopia was formed, and the axial length and equatorial diameter of the eye were significantly increased; Compared with the masking group, the expression levels of MMP-2 mRNA and protein in corn scleral fibrous layer were significantly decreased (P>0.05)<0.01), while the expression level of TIMP-2 was significantly increased (P<Conclusion Pirenzepine, a selective M1 receptor antagonist, can partially inhibit the occurrence and development of myopia, probably by regulating the expression of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 in scleral fibrous layer.

Objective to investigate the proliferation and differentiation of lens epithelial cells on the posterior lens capsule and the inhibitory effect of prasoprofen eye drops on the opacity of the posterior lens capsule (PCO). Methods Bovine posterior capsule lens epithelial cells were plated upward on the bottom of a 25 ml culture flask, and cultured in DMEM medium containing 0%, 10% and 20% fetal bovine serum for 1~5 weeks respectively. The coverage rate of posterior capsule lens epithelial cells was counted, and its morphology was observed by Giemsa staining and scanning electron microscope. At the same time, the concentration equivalent to that of prasoprofen eye drops in aqueous humor 4 hours after eye dropping (0.23 mg/L) was applied to the tissue culture model, and the effect on the fusion time of posterior capsule lens epithelial cells was observed compared with the control group. Results Lens epithelial cells in the equator proliferated and migrated to the posterior capsule, and the posterior capsule formed obvious opacity and shrinkage; The fusion days of posterior capsule lens epithelial cells decreased with the increase of serum concentration; The concentration of 0.23 mg/L praprofen can inhibit the fusion of posterior capsule lens epithelial cells. Discussion Tissue culture simulating PCO in vitro is an effective method to study posterior cataract. Praprofen is a safe and effective drug to reduce the incidence of PCO, and can be used as a routine drug after cataract surgery.

Objective to investigate the efficacy and mechanism of rapamycin (RAPA) sustained-release tablets in the prevention and treatment of immune rejection and corneal neovascularization after high-risk keratoplasty in rabbits. Methods: RAPA sustained-release tablets (W/W =50/50) were prepared from RAPA and carrier glycolide-lactide-caprolactone terpolymer (PGLC). Each sustained-release tablet contained RAPA 0.5 mg. Among 65 healthy New Zealand white rabbits, 45 rabbits (45 eyes) were induced by suture method to induce corneal neovascularization. Forty rabbits with neovascularization greater than 3 quadrants and neovascularization greater than 3 mm into the cornea were divided into control group (Group A), 1 mg PGLC carrier anterior chamber implantation group (Group B), 1% RAPA eye drops group (Group C) and 0.5 mg RAPA sustained-release tablet anterior chamber implantation group (Group D) according to random number table method, 10 rabbits in each group; The remaining 20 rabbits were donors.Right eye allogeneic penetrating keratoplasty was performed on 4 groups of rabbits. After 90 days of operation, the rejection index (RI) and neovascularization index (NI) were recorded. The concentration of RAPA in aqueous humor of rabbits in C and D groups was measured regularly. At 3 weeks after surgery, interleukin (IL) -2R, monocyte chemoattracting protein (MCP) -1, Fas/FasL were detected by in situ hybridization, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) α and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were detected by immunohistochemistry. At 90 days after surgery, the structural changes of retina, liver and kidney were examined by pathological histology. Results (1) Immune rejection: The mean time of immune rejection in rabbits in groups A, B, C and D was (16.5±2.5), (16.0±2.6), (47.1±13.2) and (87.6±5.8) d, respectively (P =0.000). At 2 weeks after surgery, the graft RI of the four groups were 4.9±2.2, 3.9±0.9, 0.8±0.4 and 0.3±0.6 (P =0.000), respectively. At 12 weeks after surgery, they were 10.4±0.8, 10.0±0.0, 7.2±2.2 and 2.0±3.3 (P =0.000), respectively. (2) Corneal neovascularization: At 2 weeks after surgery, the NI numbers of the four groups were 2.4±0.7, 2.1±0.5, Conclusion Local application of RAPA can prevent and treat immune rejection and corneal neovascularization after high-risk keratoplasty in rabbits, and the efficacy of RAPA sustained-release tablets is better than that of eye drops.

A case of Acanthamoeba keratitis was first reported by Jin Xiuying in China in 1992. For more than ten years, the domestic research on this blinding keratitis has been continuously carried out, including etiology, biology, culture and preservation methods of insect strains, pathogenicity and virulence, establishment of infection model, pathology and immunology, clinical diagnosis and treatment, etc.

In order to celebrate the 55th anniversary of the founding of Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology, at the request of the majority of ophthalmologists, the CD-ROM of the full-text retrieval system of Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology from 1950 to 2004, edited by the editorial board of this journal, produced by Beijing Zhitong Blueprint Medical Information Technology Co., Ltd. and published by Tsinghua Tongfang CD-ROM Electronic Publishing House, has now been officially released by Beijing Zhitong Blueprint Medical Information Technology Co., Ltd.

Jointly organized by Beijing Tongren Eye Center of Capital Medical University and the editorial department of Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology, the National Eye Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery Progress Course is scheduled to be held in Beijing from April 9 to 16, 2006. This class will be given by well-known experts with rich clinical experience in ophthalmoplastic surgery and cosmetology from Beijing Tongren Hospital of Capital Medical University. The lectures include congenital malformations and defects, such as ptosis, small palpebral fissure, no eyeball, orbital bone development deformity, etc. Ocular tissue defects and morphological deformities caused by trauma, such as orbital fracture, canthal angle displacement, orbital depression, symblepharon, etc.; Eyelid defect repair after ocular tumor resection and ocular cosmetology,

In order to strengthen the strength of ophthalmology scientific research, medical treatment, teaching and blindness prevention in Shaanxi Province, in January 2005, with the approval of Shaanxi Provincial Department of Health and Department of Science and Technology, on the basis of Xi 'an Ophthalmology Research Institute, Xi' an Eye Hospital and Xi' an Eye Bank. Shaanxi Ophthalmology Research Institute was established. Chief Physician Zhu Xiuping is the director, and Chief Physician Liang Houcheng and Chief Physician Yang Hua are the deputy directors. The newly established Shaanxi Institute of Ophthalmology has more than 100 professional technicians in f clinical and basic research, including 17 doctoral and master's students and 25 senior professional titles or above; There are six basic research laboratories, including biochemical immunity, microbiology, cell engineering, molecular biology, clinical medicine and dry eye disease. Xi'an Eye Hospital has 5 wards, 150 beds and a modern optometry center. Xi' an Eye Bank has a history of 30 years, and can provide more than 300 donor corneas for different time periods every year.

Oride Medical Investment Group is a large-scale professional medical investment group jointly invested by Oride Medical Investment Group and Hengyu Wanjia Group in the United States, and supported by Margaret International Medical Foundation and Dean's Decision Research Center. Since 2004, the Group has implemented the "108 Plan", which plans to invest RMB 1 billion in China within five years to build eight large-scale modern intelligent eye chain hospitals integrating medical treatment, scientific research, health care and academic exchanges. Zhanjiang Aolide Eye Hospital, with a business area of more than 20,000 square meters, is now open for business; Hospitals in Guangzhou, Huizhou, Shaoguan and other places are under construction. With the approval of the relevant state authorities, the Group is now open to recruit professional medical care and management talents in ophthalmology nationwide.

Shanghai Huadu Eye Hospital is located in Yangpu District, Shanghai, covering an area of about 4002m^2 and a building area of about 7000m^2. The hospital has large-scale diagnosis and treatment equipment such as VISXS4 excimer laser therapy instrument imported from the United States. At present, due to the needs of business development, the hospital is looking for the following ophthalmology medical talents from all over the country.

In order to reflect the innovative scientific research achievements and clinical experience of ophthalmology in China as soon as possible, this journal has opened up a "fast track" to publish excellent academic papers in 2002, simplifying the procedure from review to official publication of papers, and shortening the publication cycle. In view of the increasing number of authors applying for the "Shaanxi Expressway" at present, the editorial board of this journal has supplemented and improved the specific conditions for applying to enter the "Shaanxi Expressway" on the basis of the operation some time ago, and reiterated the relevant regulations of the "Shaanxi Expressway" once again, so that academic papers with innovative content can be published as soon as possible.

In order to safeguard the reputation of the Chinese Medical Association Series Journal and the interests of the readers, the Chinese Medical Association Series Journal is hereby stated as follows: (1) The manuscripts referred to in this statement refer to the reports of the original research or the main data and graphs of the two manuscripts are the same although there may be some differences in the expression of words and the narrative of discussion. Manuscripts referred to do not include summaries of important meetings, diagnostic criteria and guidelines for the prevention and treatment of diseases, consensus documents reached by relevant organizations, press articles and articles whose abstracts or preliminary reports have been published in one journal and whose entire articles have been submitted to another journal.

On October 18, 2001, the National Committee for the Approval of Scientific and Technological Terms and the National Language and Character Working Committee held a "Seminar on the Usage of 'Xiang' and 'Xiang'" at the Chinese Academy of Sciences. The meeting carefully analyzed the reasons for the confusion between the usage of "like" and "like" in the scientific and technological circles. The National Science and Technology Glossary Committee and the State Language Commission considered it necessary to make a clear definition of the usage of this word again. Experts at the meeting believed that: elephant refers to the form and appearance of nature, people or things; Image refers to the image of a person or object made by imitation, comparison, etc.,

confocal microscopy through focusing (CMTF) is a high-definition and high-magnification in vivo microscopy technique developed in recent years. It can show the morphological and quantitative changes of corneal cells, and directly measure the thickness of corneal epithelium, stroma and corneal thickness. Compared with the traditional fixed staining method of corneal histological specimens, confocal microscopy can observe the morphological structure and dynamic changes of corneal cells from the level of cytology in vivo without invasion and in real time, and provide objective and quantitative measurement data for research.

Immune rejection is still the main cause of corneal transplantation failure. The ideal immunosuppression is achieved by disrupting the activated chain of T cells. The allogeneic antigen is processed by antigen presenting cell (APC) and presented to T cells, thus stimulating rejection.

Orbital surgery is a basic method for the treatment of various orbital diseases. At present, the commonly used orbital surgery methods include anterior orbital surgery, lateral orbital surgery, medial orbital surgery, combined internal and external orbital surgery and transfrontal orbital surgery. These methods provide better surgical approaches for different orbital diseases. However, no matter what kind of surgical approach, traditional orbital surgery is mostly performed under the naked eye, and the fine operation is obviously limited.

A 47-year-old male patient came to our hospital on October 7, 2003 due to diplopia for 6 months. The patient was injured by violent forehead impact on the front windshield of a car in a car accident 6 months ago. After the injury, he was unconscious for 2 months and suffered from persistent cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea for 2.5 months.

In the field of medical research, people pay more and more attention to ethical issues and demand more and more, which also has an influence on the editorial work of medical professional journals and journals. How to adapt to the change of situation, review and publish papers according to ethical requirements, and how to use the guiding function of journals and journals to push medical research in China on a benign development track that conforms to ethical principles and is in line with international standards are new problems faced by the editorial board and editors of every journal. In order to help the editorial board and editors of journals grasp the relationship between medical ethics and journal development in general, the author briefly introduces medical ethics and its application in medical research for reference only.

The normal eye surface is covered with a tear film, and the stable tear film is the basis for maintaining the health of the eye surface, while the stable tear film depends on the normal quantity and quality of each layer comprising the tear film (lipid layer, aqueous layer and mucin layer from outside to inside) and the normal tear dynamics [1]. dry eye is a kind of disease that causes tear film instability and eye surface damage due to abnormal quality or quantity of tear, or abnormal tear dynamics, which leads to eye discomfort and other symptoms [2]. dry eye is the most common ocular surface disease in the world and China at present.

From 1950 to 1982, the research results of ophthalmology in China were mainly communicated and disseminated at home and abroad through the Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology. In fact, from 1929 to 1949, before the founding of the Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology, there were complete literature reports on ophthalmology research in China. At that time, they were published in the predecessor of the Chinese Journal of Medicine-Bo Yi Hui Journal together with the papers on internal and surgical medicine, but the volume of ophthalmology literature was very small.