Volume 138 · Issue 23 · 2025

The incidence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) together with their associated risk factors increasingly impact public health. According to the data provided in the 2024 Annual Report on Cardiovascular Health and Diseases in China, the crude incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases among Chinese residents aged ≥18 years, including acute myocardial infarction (AMI), angina pectoris treated by percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty/stent implantation and/or coronary artery bypass grafting, stroke, and sudden cardiac death was 620.33 per 100,000 population, with 87.6 for AMI. Stroke had an incidence of 491.0 per 100,000 population. The prevalence of adult coronary heart disease (CHD, aged ≥18 years) was 758 per 100,000 population. The CVD mortality in 2021 remained the highest, exceeding that of cancer and other causes. The crude mortality rate of CVD in 2021 was 364.16 per 100,000 population in rural areas and 305.39 per 100,000 population in urban areas. The crude mortality rates of cerebrovascular diseases and CHD among urban and rural residents in 2021 were 140.02 and 175.58, 135.08 and 148.19 per 100,000 population, respectively. In addition to interpreting the key findings of CVD incidence and mortality in China, we also update the data of associated risk factors, including tobacco use, physical activity, diet and nutrition, overweight and obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, sleep and psychological factors, environmental factors, and the diagnostic conditions of CVD diseases, aiming to provide a scientific foundation for advancing CVD prevention and control, and to inform relevant public health policy development.

The cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate synthase–stimulator of interferon genes (cGAS–STING) pathway is a cornerstone of host innate immunity, playing a central role in detecting cytosolic double-stranded DNA of both endogenous and exogenous origins. Upon activation, cGAS synthesizes the second messenger 2′3′-cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP), which binds and activates STING to trigger downstream immune responses, including the production of type I interferons and proinflammatory cytokines. Emerging studies highlight the cGAS–STING pathway as a promising therapeutic target for preventing and treating diverse pathologies, with particularly transformative potential in anticancer therapies. In this review, we dissect the key findings, functions, and associated components of the cGAS–STING pathway. In addition, we emphasize the factors that upregulate or downregulate the pathway, as well as the role of the cGAS–STING pathway in health and disease. By integrating mechanistic insights with clinical perspectives, this review aims to bridge fundamental discoveries with therapeutic applications of cGAS–STING biology.

Mitochondria serve as multifunctional powerhouses within cells, coordinating essential biological activities that are critical for cell viability, including material metabolism, signal transduction, and the maintenance of homeostasis. They support cells in adapting to complex and fluctuating environments. Oocytes, being the largest cells in multicellular organisms, contain a high number of mitochondria with unique structural characteristics. Mitochondria play active roles in the development and maturation of oocytes. A decline in mitochondrial function negatively affects both the quality and quantity of oocytes, thereby contributing to ovarian aging. However, the specific mechanisms through which mitochondrial dysfunction influences the progression of ovarian aging and impacts reproductive longevity remain unclear. Furthermore, medical strategies aimed at rejuvenating mitochondria to restore ovarian reserve and improve female reproductive potential may open new avenues for clinical treatment. In this review, we summarize the current understanding and key evidence regarding the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in ovarian aging and present emerging medical approaches targeting mitochondria to alleviate premature ovarian aging and enhance reproductive performance.

Gastric cancer (GC) is a globally prevalent malignancy with a particularly heavy burden in China. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a Group I carcinogen for GC, with a higher seroprevalence rate indicating a higher GC incidence. However, only approximately 3% of the individuals with H. pylori infection eventually develop GC, and about 2.6% still progress to GC even 10–20 years after the eradication of H. pylori. Thus, the pathogenic mechanism of H. pylori for GC must be elucidated, and high-risk individuals precisely identified. Furthermore, GC can occur even in individuals who have never been infected with H. pylori. As H. pylori infection rates decline, the proportion of H. pylori-negative GC cases is increasing annually, gaining significant research attention. In this review, potential pathogenic mechanisms of H. pylori infection are explored from the aspects of H. pylori virulence factors and host factors (genetic susceptibility and immune microenvironment). Possible risk factors for H. pylori-negative GC include infections by other microorganisms (e.g., bacteria, fungi, and viruses), autoimmune gastritis, bile reflux, genetic mutations, and environmental factors. We aim to review the potential mechanisms for GC with varying H. pylori infection statuses, identify the high-risk individuals, and pose questions that need to be addressed. In the future, as the prevalence of H. pylori infection gradually decreases, GC prevention and management must evolve to address host-specific factors and the growing challenge of H. pylori-negative GC by integrating multidisciplinary perspectives.

Asthma is a diverse disease that can be categorized into various phenotypes and endotypes, including obesity-related asthma and allergic asthma. "Treatable traits (TTs)" represent a new approach to managing asthma. Asthma accompanied by dyslipidemia would be a distinct asthma phenotype that is becoming increasingly common. Therefore, dyslipidemia can potentially serve as a target for the management of asthma. Nevertheless, it remains highly under-researched compared to other observable traits. Gaining knowledge about the clinical and inflammatory characteristics, underlying mechanisms, and potential therapeutic medications for asthma with dyslipidemia is crucial for its effective management. This review aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of asthma with dyslipidemia, consolidating existing knowledge and ongoing research.

Infertility is a burdensome, often overlooked condition. This study aimed to investigate the global distribution and trends in the burden of infertility from 1990 to 2021.

We obtained data on the prevalence and years lived with disability (YLDs) related to infertility from the Global Burden of Disease 2021 study and evaluated them by calculating the estimated annual percentage change in age-standardized rates. We investigated the relationship between sociodemographic index (SDI) and the burden of infertility on the global, regional, and national levels.

In 2021, there were 143,261,562 female and 55,481,380 male infertility cases worldwide, respectively. In China, female and male infertility cases accounted for 23.59% and 21.47% of the global totals, reaching 33,795,944 and 11,909,889, respectively. Compared with 2019, the global number of female and male infertility cases increased by 5,286,227 in females and 2,017,271 in males. In contrast, China saw a decline in both female and male infertility cases, with reductions of 698,735 and 154,591, respectively. From 1990 to 2021, the age-standardized prevalence rate (ASPR) and age-standardized YLDs rate (ASYR) for female infertility both increased by 0.59% annually, whereas these two corresponding indicators for male infertility increased by 0.50% annually worldwide. The burden of female infertility was consistently higher than that of male infertility and demonstrated a faster rate of increase. East Asia had the highest ASPR and ASYR for female infertility, whereas Eastern Europe had the highest metrics for male infertility. A horizontal S-shaped association was observed between the SDI and ASPR and ASYR of infertility, with a rapid decline in the infertility burden when the SDI exceeded 0.7.

The global burden of infertility has increased over the years, with a higher burden on women and underdeveloped regions. These findings emphasize the need to prioritize healthcare for patients with infertility to address the rising burden.

Asthma, one of the most widespread chronic respiratory diseases, has placed a considerable economic and social stress on China. This study examines the burden of asthma in China from 1990 to 2021 and forecasts future trends, providing guidance for establishing focused preventive and regulatory strategies.

Utilizing data from the Global Burden of Disease Database 2021, the analysis of trends in asthma burden was conducted for China from 1990 to 2021. Key indicators such as incidence, prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) were analysed. The investigation applied the estimated annual percentage change (EAPC), average annual percentage change (AAPC), and age–period–cohort model (APCM) to evaluate these trends. Furthermore, predictions for incidence and mortality in 2035 were generated using the Bayesian APCM and the Nordpred model.

In 2021, there were 25,015,668 prevalent asthma cases in China, alongside 3,934,875 new cases and 26,233 deaths. The age-standardized incidence rate and age-standardized death rate for 2021 were 364.17 (95% uncertainty interval [95% UI]: 283.22–494.1) per 100,000 population and 1.47 (95% UI: 1.15–1.79) per 100,000 population, respectively. The age-standardized rates (ASRs) for incidence were detected to be elevated in the 0–4 years age group, and the prevalence was significantly higher in the 5–9 years age group compared to other cohorts. ASR for incidence and prevalence of asthma in China were lower than that in the global average. Between 1990 and 2021, the ASR of incidence, prevalence, mortality, and DALYs demonstrated a downward trajectory, with EAPC values of −1.17, −1.57, −4.69, and −2.98, respectively. People aged 0–9 years and over 60 years experienced a disproportionately higher disease burden. Projections indicate that the ASRs for incidence will continue to rise, whereas the death will continue to decline by 2035.

Between 1990 and 2021, a general reduction in the asthma burden in China was observed. However, the burden remains particularly high among people aged 0–9 years and over 60 years, underscoring the need for targeted interventions and policies to address the ongoing challenges of asthma.

Concurrent chemo-radiotherapy (CCRT) is the standard treatment for locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC), but there are still many patients who suffer tumor recurrence. However, valuable predictors of treatment outcomes remain limited. This study aimed to assess the value of the serum immune biomarkers to predict the prognosis.

We reviewed cervical cancer patients treated with CCRT between January 2014 and May 2018 at Peking Union Medical College Hospital. The systemic immune inflammation index (SII), systemic inflammation response index (SIRI), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were calculated using blood samples. The relationship between immune markers and the treatment outcome was analyzed. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the predictive efficiency. The Cox proportional hazards model and log-rank were used to predict overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS).

This study included 667 patients. Among them, 195 (29.2%) patients were defined as treatment failure, including 127 (19.0%) patients with pelvic failure, 94 (14.1%) distant failure, and 25 (3.7%) concurrent pelvic and distant failure. It revealed that the tumor stage, size, metastatic lymph nodes (MLNs), and serum immune biomarkers, such as SII, SIRI, and LDH, were significantly related to treatment outcomes. We demonstrated that the optimal cut-off of the SII, SIRI, and LDH were 970.4 × 10⁹/L, 1.3×10⁹/L, and 207.52 U/L, respectively. Importantly, this study presented that LDH level had the highest OR (OR =4.2; 95% CI [2.3-10.8]). Furthermore, the OS and DFS for patients with pre-SII ≥970.5 ×10⁹/L. were significantly worse than those with pre-SII <970.5 × 10⁹/L. Similarly, pre-SIRI ≥1.25×10⁹/L and pre-LDH ≥207.5 U/L were related to poor survival outcomes.

This study demonstrated that the baseline SII, SIRI, and LDH levels can be used to accurately and effectively predict the treatment outcomes after CCRT and long-term prognosis. Our results may offer additional prognostic information in clinical, which helps to detect the potential recurrent metastasis in time.

Cluster of differentiation 8 positive (CD8⁺) T cells play a crucial role in the response against tumors, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), where their dysfunction is commonly observed. While the association between elevated peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) expression in HCC cells and exosomes and unfavorable prognosis in HCC patients is well-established, the underlying biological mechanisms by which PPARα induces CD8⁺ T cell exhaustion mediated by HCC exosomes remain poorly understood.

Bioinformatics analyses and dual-luciferase reporter assays were used to investigate the regulation of microRNA-27b-3p (miR-27b-3p) and thymocyte selection-associated high mobility group box (Tox) by Pparα. In vitro and in vivo experiments were conducted to validate the effects of HCC-derived exosomes, miR-27b-3p overexpression, and Pparα on T cell function. Exosome characterization was confirmed using transmission electron microscopy, Western blotting, and particle size analysis. Exosome tracing was performed using small animal in vivo imaging and confocal microscopy. The expression levels of miR-27b-3p, Pparα, and T cell exhaustion-related molecules (Tox, Havcr2, and Pdcd1) were detected using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis, Western blotting analysis, immunofluorescence staining, and flow cytometry analysis.

Pparα expression was significantly increased in HCC and negatively correlated with prognosis. It showed a positive correlation with Tox and a negative correlation with miR-27b-3p. The overexpressed Pparα from HCC cells was delivered to CD8⁺ T cells via exosomes, which absorbed miR-27b-3p both in vitro and in vivo, acting as "miRNA sponges". Further experiments demonstrated that Pparα can inhibit the negative regulation of Tox mediated by miR-27b-3p through binding to its 3′untranslated regions.

HCC-derived exosomes deliver Pparα to T cells and promote CD8⁺ T cell exhaustion and malignant progression of HCC via the miR-27b-3p/TOX regulatory axis. The mechanisms underlying T-cell exhaustion in HCC can be utilized for the advancement of anticancer therapies.

Gout is a chronic disease primarily caused by elevated urate levels, severely affecting joint health. Its global distribution varies, and updated data for China are lacking. This study aimed to analyze the current burden and trends of gout globally and in China, examining the burden by gender, age, and risk factors while providing future predictions.

This descriptive epidemiological secondary analysis utilized data from the Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factors (GBD) 2021 study. Age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR), prevalence rate (ASPR), and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) rates (ASDR) were used to assess the gout burden. Trends from 1990 to 2021 were analyzed across global regions, genders, and sociodemographic index (SDI) levels. The burden in China was further examined by gender, age, and associated risk factors. The Bayesian age–period–cohort (BAPC) model was used to predict future trends. Gout burden in China and the United States was compared.

In 2021, gout affected 57 million people globally, with 9.4 million new cases and 1.75 million DALYs. From 1990 to 2021, the ASIR, ASPR, and ASDR increased by 17.2%, 21.9%, and 21.3%, respectively. Males experienced a significantly higher burden, with greater ASIR, ASPR, and ASDR increasing with higher SDI levels. In China, male ASIR, ASPR, and ASDR were over 2.8 times those of females, and the burden increased with age. In 2021, 31.4% of gout-related DALYs in China were attributed to high body mass index and 7.6% to kidney dysfunction. Between 1990 and 2021, the high body mass index-related burden of gout rose annually for both genders, while the kidney dysfunction-related gout burden remained stable. By 2050, the burden of gout in China is expected to continue increasing, with a slower rise in females and a decline in males after an initial increase. However, the overall burden will remain substantial. In comparison, the gout burden will be higher in the United States than in China.

Gout is becoming a significant health burden globally and in China, particularly among Chinese males and older individuals. With the aging population and lifestyle changes exacerbating the issue, effective strategies and measures are essential to prevent or reduce gout-related health issues.

The use of potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) is a major concern for medication safety as it may entail more harm than potential benefits for older adults. This study aimed to explore the prescribing rate, healthcare utilization, and expenditure of older adults using PIMs in China.

A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using a national representative database of all medical insurance beneficiaries across China, extracting ambulatory visit records of adults aged 65 years and above between 2015 and 2017. Descriptive analysis was conducted to measure the rate of patients exposed to PIM, prescribing rate of each PIM, average annual outpatient visits per patient, average total medication costs for each visit, average annual cost of PIMs for each patient, and average annual medication costs for each patient. Generalized linear model with logit link function and binomial distribution was used to examine the adjusted associations between PIMs and independent variables.

In total, 845,278 (33.2%) participants were identified to be exposed to at least one PIM. Patients aged 75–84 years (38.1%, 969,809/2,545,430) and ≥85 years (37.9%, 964,718/2,545,430) were more likely to be prescribed with PIMs. Beneficiaries of the Urban Employee Basic Medical Insurance (UEBMI) and living in eastern and southern regions were more frequently prescribed with PIMs. Compared with patients without PIM exposure (7.5 visits, drug cost of RMB 1545.0 Yuan), patients with PIM exposure showed higher adjusted average annual number of outpatient visits (10.7 visits, β = 3.228, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 3.196–3.261) and higher annual drug costs (RMB 2461.8 Yuan, Coef. = 916.864, 95% CI = RMB 906.292–927.436 Yuan).

The results showed that the use of PIM among older adults was common in China. This study suggests that the use of PIM could be considered as a clear target, pending multidimensional efforts, to promote rational prescribing for older adults.

Parental myopia is an important risk factor for myopia in Chinese children and adolescents. This study aimed to assess the influence of parental myopia and the severity of myopia on offspring and to evaluate whether adopting healthy lifestyles can mitigate the effects of parental myopia on offspring.

This cross-sectional study analyzed data from children and adolescents aged 6–17 years with complete vision assessments and parental history of myopia from six provinces in China during 2013–2014. Parental demographic information, children’s outdoor activity time, sleep time, and sedentary time were collected via questionnaire. Parental myopia was classified as no myopia, paternal myopia, maternal myopia, and both. The offspring were categorized into 10 groups based on parental myopia prescription. Associations of the above factors with myopia in children and adolescents were evaluated by logistic regression analysis.

Among 40,864 children and adolescents (50.3% boys and 49.7% girls), 22,537 (55.2%) were diagnosed with myopia. In comparison to offspring devoid of parental myopia, children with one parent affected by myopia exhibited odds ratio (OR) of 1.75 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.62–1.88) for myopia, while those with both parents affected showed OR of 2.27 (95% CI: 2.02–2.55) after adjusted for lifestyle factors. The likelihood of myopia in offspring increased with increasing severity of parental myopia, with a 3.08-fold increase in risk observed when both parents presented high myopia. Nonetheless, children adhering to two or more healthy lifestyle factors demonstrated a diminished risk of myopia compared with those with fewer than two lifestyle factors, especially among offspring of non-myopic or mildly myopic parents.

Parental myopia has a dose-dependent association with their offspring. Healthy lifestyles may reduce the impact of parental factors on myopia in offspring. The observed associations suggest that although the genetic burden of parental myopia cannot be ignored, healthy lifestyles and nurturing are also very important.

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide, and is associated with a significant Global Burden of Disease (GBD). We analyzed the trends in PD incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life year (DALY) burden in China, and compared them with global data.

Estimates and 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs) for incidence, mortality, DALYs, years lived with disability (YLDs), and years of life lost (YLLs) for PD were extracted from the GBD, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2021. We describe the epidemiology of PD at global and Chinese levels, analyze trends in incidence and mortality from 1990 to 2021 by joinpoint regression models, and decompose PD burden according to population size, age structure, and epidemiological changes.

GBD 2021 estimated 508,378 (95% UI: 430,499–592,748) incident cases of PD, 92,035 (95% UI: 75,908–108,133) deaths, and 2,159,514 (95% UI: 1,826,196–2,521,344) DALYs in China, with the higher age-standardized rate (ASR) in incidence, mortality and DALYs than the global levels. The DALY burden of PD in China increased slightly from 1990 to 2021, consistent with the global upward trend. Joinpoint regression analysis indicated that the ASR of incidence in China increased faster than the global average, while the ASR of mortality decreased, with the fastest decline in 2004–2014. Decomposition analysis revealed that men and the middle sociodemographic index (SDI) quintile (32.82%) were responsible for the most significant DALYs, whose changes were primarily driven by population growth and aging.

The burden of PD showed an overall increasing trend from 1990 to 2021, which was primarily driven by population growth and aging. This study highlights the significant challenges in controlling and managing PD, including the increase in cases and gender differences, which may provide guidance for comprehensive strategies to address the changing profiles of PD in China.

Enzalutamide, a second-generation androgen receptor (AR) pathway inhibitor, is widely used in the treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer. However, after a period of enzalutamide treatment, patients inevitably develop drug resistance. In this study, we characterized leucine-rich repeated G-protein-coupled receptor 5 (LGR5) and explored its potential therapeutic value in prostate cancer.

A total of 142 pairs of tumor and adjacent formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue samples from patients with prostate cancer were collected from the Pathology Department at Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital. LGR5 was screened by sequencing data of enzalutamide-resistant cell lines combined with sequencing data of lesions with different Gleason scores from the same patients. The biological function of LGR5 and its effect on enzalutamide resistance were investigated in vitro and in vivo. Glutathione-S-transferase (GST) pull-down, coimmunoprecipitation, Western blotting, and immunofluorescence assays were used to explore the specific binding mechanism of LGR5 and related pathway changes.

LGR5 was significantly upregulated in prostate cancer and negatively correlated with poor patient prognosis. Overexpression of LGR5 promoted the malignant progression of prostate cancer and reduced sensitivity to enzalutamide in vitro and in vivo. LGR5 promoted the phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) by binding heat shock protein 90,000 alpha B1 (HSP90AB1) and mediated the activation of the Wingless/integrated (WNT)/β-catenin signaling pathway. The increased β-catenin in the cytoplasm entered the nucleus and bound to the nuclear AR, promoting the transcription level of AR, which led to the enhanced tolerance of prostate cancer to enzalutamide. Reducing HSP90AB1 binding to LGR5 significantly enhanced sensitivity to enzalutamide.

LGR5 directly binds to HSP90AB1 and mediates GSK-3β phosphorylation, promoting AR expression by regulating the WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway, thereby conferring resistance to enzalutamide treatment in prostate cancer.

致编辑动脉粥样硬化（AS）是大多数心血管疾病（CVD）的病理基础，也是世界范围内死亡和残疾的主要原因，是一种涉及多种机制的复杂疾病。先前的研究表明，血管平滑肌细胞（VSMCs）的表型转换导致VSMC标记细胞形式的缺乏，如巨噬细胞样细胞，其直接促进AS。^[1]来源于VSMCs的巨噬细胞样细胞通过抑制脂质清除、促进细胞死亡和加剧炎症来加速AS。^[2]因此，防止VSMC衍生的泡沫细胞的形成可能代表了AS和相关CVD的新治疗策略。

致编辑：银屑病是一种慢性免疫介导的疾病，影响全球0.09-11.4%的人口，给患者带来了严重的身体、心理和社会经济负担。常规疗法，包括光疗和全身性药物，由于疾病病理生理学的靶向性不足和耐受性问题，通常产生差的长期疗效。^[1]在理解白细胞介素-17A（IL-17A）作为驱动银屑病炎症的中枢细胞因子方面的最新进展彻底改变了治疗，将IL-17抑制剂定位为中度至重度疾病的基石疗法。

致编辑：健康滑膜在病理性重塑为类风湿性关节炎(RA)期间转变为增生性浸润组织。^[1]这些变化导致驱动关节组织炎症和损伤的异质群体的发展。^[2,3,4]本研究旨在评估间歇性禁食（IF）对RA小鼠模型中滑膜成纤维细胞（SFs）的影响。动物实验由苏州大学机构动物护理和使用委员会批准（ECSU-2020000228）。详细介绍了动物模型构建、IF实验设计、细胞系选择和培养、小鼠滑膜组织消化、流式细胞术和细胞分选、免疫组织化学染色、小鼠血清生化测定，体外破骨细胞生成测定、RNA提取和定量实时聚合酶链反应（qRT-PCR）、RNA测序分析、SF迁移和侵袭的测量、蛋白质印迹分析以及组织学分析和微型计算机断层扫描（微型CT），见补充材料，http：//links.lww.com/CM9/C435。

致编辑：使用多种指标评估当前银屑病治疗的疗效，其中医生对银屑病面积和严重程度指数(PASI)的总体评估经常被用作终点。近年来，显微镜评估工具如皮肤镜检查和反射共焦显微镜（RCM）作为附加评估工具被广泛使用。^[1]然而，在接受生物治疗的银屑病患者中，使用PASI和显微镜工具获得的结果之间的相关性尚不清楚。在研究中，我们入组了122例中度至重度银屑病患者，其中35例患者接受阿达木单抗治疗，43例患者接受guselkumab治疗，44例患者接受secukinumab治疗。PASI评分和基于皮肤镜检查的血管性银屑病面积和严重程度指数（VPASI）评分^[2]分别在第0周和第24周进行评估。此外，在RCM治疗前和治疗后，使用Image J（版本1.43，美国贝塞斯达国立卫生研究院）测量真皮乳头（DP）和毛细血管环（CL）面积。两者作为治疗效果的指标。对于每个患者，选择真皮-表皮连接处的五个不同病变进行精确测量。简而言之，扫描和测量病变以进一步确定数据的平均值。此外，对五个病变中的每一个进行拍照，以便在相同区域进行随访测量。主要终点是达到PASI90缓解，定义为银屑病严重程度降低90%或更多。^[2]对PASI和VPASI评分之间以及DP和CL面积之间的相关性进行了相关性分析。对呈现双变量正态分布的数据进行Pearson相关分析，而对不遵循正态分布的数据进行Spearman相关分析。一个P-的价值<0.05被认为具有统计学意义。本研究已获得成都市第二人民医院伦理委员会批准（编号：[KY]PJ2021063）。

致编辑：原发性醛固酮增多症（PA）是继发性高血压的常见原因，占高血压患者的5%~20%。^[1]两种主要亚型是醛固酮生成腺瘤（APA）和特发性醛固酮增多症（IHA）。区分这些亚型对于选择适当的治疗至关重要。^[2]然而，目前亚型诊断的金标准，肾上腺静脉取样（AVS），是侵入性的，昂贵的，并且不能普遍使用。^[3]本研究旨在利用临床和影像学参数开发一种无创预测评分，以区分APA和IHA。

致编辑：过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体的作用（PPAR）δ在结直肠癌（CRC）中存在争议。的确，PPAR β/δ可以通过抑制转移来抑制癌症，通过促进转移和血管生成来促进癌症。^[1,2]ThePPAR δ-87T/C(也称为+294T/C[rs2016520])单核苷酸多态性(SNP)与转录因子特异性蛋白-1(Sp-1)的结合能力相关。^[3,4]Sp-1是CRC肿瘤发生和进展中的重要转录因子。^[5]因此，Sp-1是CRC进展的潜在分子标志物和该恶性肿瘤中有希望的治疗靶点。本研究的目的是调查PPAR δ-87T/C对转录因子结合。本研究评估了PPAR δ中国西部汉族人群中-87T/C多态性、结直肠癌风险和关键临床病理参数。

致编辑：雌激素（和₂）补充是冷冻胚胎移植（FET）周期子宫内膜准备的有效治疗方法。据估计，2018年超过75%的辅助生殖技术（ART）周期使用了胚胎冷冻保存。^[1]由于其良好的妊娠结局，FET是接受ART的妇女最推荐的策略。然而，它与大胎龄、高出生体重和妊娠期高血压疾病的高风险相关。在子宫内膜准备方案中，程序化FET最适合自然排卵困难和排卵日子宫内膜厚度不足的女性。然而，计划周期中雌激素使用的持续时间是否会影响妊娠和新生儿结局仍有争议。大黄蜂等人^[2]结论过量服用雌二醇可降低活产率（LBR）。李等人^[3]和江等人^[4]未发现E的持续时间之间存在关联₂和LBR在接受体外受精（IVF）。因此，关注妊娠早期的新生儿和产科结局并开发一线预防ART不良结局的方法具有高度的社会学重要性。

的编辑中华医学杂志（CMJ）正在撤回文章“腺病毒介导的PTEN关于癫痫大鼠点燃模型中的脑氧化损伤和神经炎症”，发表于2019年。^[1]有读者发邮件反映，上述文章图2（a）中的5个子图涉嫌抄袭和图像盗用。通讯作者回应称，由于工作调动和实验室搬迁，他无法提供原始实验图像和记录来解决问题。经过讨论，CMJ的编辑们决定撤回这篇文章。