In July 2018, the official magazine of the American Heart Association (AHA)HypertensionA study on the correlation between the pituitary-gonadal axis and the incidence and prognosis of male pulmonary hypertension was published by the team of Professor Jing Zhicheng, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences [Wu WH, Yuan P, Zhang SJ, et al. The impact of pituitary-gonadal axis hormones on pulmonary arterial hypertension in men. Hypertension, 2018, 72 (1): 151 – 158.]. This study is the first in the world to explore the correlation between pituitary-gonadal axis hormone levels and disease onset, severity, and prognosis in men with pulmonary hypertension (PAH). The main finding was that the plasma estradiol level in male PAH patients was significantly higher than that in normal controls, and the higher the estradiol level in PAH patients, the higher the risk of death and the worse the prognosis. It is suggested that the elevation of estradiol may play a detrimental role in the pathogenesis and progression of PAH, which provides new evidence for the study of the association between sex hormones and PAH.