2014年 · 第53卷第12期

Multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacilli mainly include extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBLs) -producing Enterobacteriaceae bacteria, multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii, and multidrug-resistant Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. The infection caused by them increases the hospital stay and medical expenses of patients, and affects the prognosis of patients. Since 2011, China's multidisciplinary experts have gathered the latest progress in the diagnosis, treatment, prevention and control of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial infection at home and abroad, summarized the valuable experience of the vast majority of authoritative experts in China, and formulated the "Acinetobacter baumannii infection diagnosis, treatment, prevention and control expert consensus in China"^[1], "Expert Consensus on Diagnosis and Treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Lower Respiratory Tract Infection"^[2]"Expert Consensus on the Diagnosis, Treatment and Prevention of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Infection in China"^[3], "Extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae bacterial infection response strategies: Chinese expert consensus"^[4]。 The following is a brief combing and interpretation of these four consensus.

Because the public awareness rate and medical treatment rate of dementia in China are generally low, routine clinical diagnosis and treatment cannot effectively solve the problems of early detection, early diagnosis and early intervention of dementia and its risk groups. In order to provide appropriate cognitive impairment detection technology to primary medical and health institutions such as community health service centers and health examination institutions, and establish an effective follow-up and referral mechanism, the Professional Committee of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Diseases (ADC) of China Geriatric Health Care Association convened relevant experts from across the country to form this consensus document after in-depth discussion. This consensus includes the conditions of institutions and personnel related to memory examination, subjects and their rights and interests, technical specifications and quality control of cognitive assessment, results judgment and reporting, health education countermeasures, follow-up and referral mechanisms, etc. The items recommended in this consensus are different from the guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of various other diseases, and are also different from other laboratory results reports or clinical diagnoses that use abnormalities in biochemical or physical examination indicators as early markers of disease. All institutions involved in memory health examination should conduct examination and report on this basis. Widespread and rational use of these detection techniques is the first step to achieve early diagnosis of dementia. Through standardized memory examination, discovery of early potential memory and cognitive problems and risk factors, and assessment of dementia risk can effectively help some patients take more active measures to reduce the probability of developing more serious cognitive impairment and obtain a better prognosis. It is hoped that through the continuous practice and revision of this consensus, the quality of memory examination can be ensured, the privacy of subjects can be protected, and a unified national standard and norm can be gradually formed.