As an important biological marker of autoimmune diseases (AID), antinuclear antibodies (ANA) are the most widely used and basic group of autoantibodies in clinical application. 1957 Holborow et al.[1]The establishment of indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) for the detection of ANA is a milestone for the clinical application of ANA detection. Clinically, ANA is common in patients with systemic (non-organ-specific) AID such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and can also be seen in patients with organ-specific AID, such as autoimmune liver disease. In addition, ANA can also appear in chronic infectious diseases, tumors and healthy people. Detection of ANA has important clinical significance in the diagnosis, differential diagnosis, classification and disease activity monitoring of AID[2]。