2022年 · 第102卷第12期

Adjuvant therapy for locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC) has been developed for more than 20 years, and its efficacy has been proven in multiple trials, but there is still a lack of a global standard strategy. Perioperative chemotherapy (epirubicin, cisplatin + fluorouracil) is mainly used in Europe and the United States; In East Asia, postoperative S-1 or capecitabine + oxaliplatin regimen chemotherapy (SOX or CAPOX) is mainly adopted; In some areas, intensive strategies such as radiotherapy will be added on the basis of adjuvant chemotherapy to improve the efficacy. Experimental studies have shown that perioperative docetaxel and oxaliplatin + fluorouracil (FLOT) regimens are superior to epirubicin and cisplatin + fluorouracil (ECF) regimens; The JACCRO GC-07 and ARTIST 2 trials also showed that intensive adjuvant chemotherapy regimens such as SOX, S-1 plus docetaxel (DS) are superior to standard regimens for patients with advanced gastric cancer. Unlike perioperative chemotherapy in Europe and America, preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy is not the standard regimen for LAGC in Korea and even Asia. The team's early phase II study showed that docetaxel and oxaliplatin + S-1 (DOS) neoadjuvant chemotherapy were well tolerated and had a good resection rate in Korean patients with potentially resectable LAGC. To further explore whether combined neoadjuvant DOS surgery and S-1 adjuvant chemotherapy (CSC) compared with postoperative S-1 adjuvant chemotherapy (SC) can improve the prognosis of Korean patients with resectable LAGC, the team designed the PRODIGY study.

Herpes zoster (HZ) is a skin condition with a painful unilateral rash caused by the reactivation of the latent varicella-zoster virus, and its etiology is associated with age-related decline in immune function or suppression of immune function. It is estimated that new HZ cases in China can reach 2.77 million per year. In 2019, the recombinant herpes zoster adjuvant vaccine (RZV) was approved in China for the prevention of HZ in adults aged 50 and older, becoming the first vaccine for the prevention of HZ in my country. This study is based on demographic and epidemiological data of Beijing, using the ZONA model and calculated on a lifetime basis, the impact of RZV vaccination and non-vaccination on public health in people aged 50 years and older.

Gastric cancer, as a heterogeneous disease, has different molecular phenotypes and immune environments, which makes the clinical prognosis and therapeutic effect of patients difficult to predict. In recent years, several studies have demonstrated that immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are very effective for the treatment of solid tumors, but the overall response rate of immunotherapy in gastric cancer patients is less than 15%. A variety of factors may affect the responsiveness of immunotherapy. Among them, CD8+ cytotoxic T cells will undergo a large number of functional and phenotypic changes in response to tumor antigens to initiate immune responses, and inhibitory receptors such as PD-1 can inhibit this process. Therefore, ICIs can revitalize CD8+ T cell-mediated immunity by blocking these inhibitory receptors. Chemokine ligand 13 (CXCL13) has been studied as a poor survival predictor in a variety of malignancies. The secretory and physiological role of CXCL13 in follicular helper T cells (TFH) has been well described, but the clinical significance of CD8+ tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) -associated CXCL13 is unclear.

From 1994 to 2018, the incidence of herpes zoster (HZ) increased by 3.1% annually, from 286 per 100,000 person-years to 579 per 100,000 person-years. The protective efficacy of recombinant herpes zoster vaccine (RZV) against herpes zoster has been verified by more than 90% in clinical trials, while in the real world RZV preventive efficacy has not been studied. Since there are clear differences in clinical research and clinical practice, such as the health status of vaccine recipients, HZ diagnostic methods, etc., it is crucial to evaluate the protective efficacy of RZV in the real world. Therefore, the researchers designed a retrospective cohort study through the real-world OLDW (OptumLabs Data Warehouse) database to evaluate the effectiveness of RZV in people aged 50 years and older who are not immunocompromised.