MedNexus
2021年 · 第101卷第37期
MedNexus
- 全部
- 专家论坛
- 专题笔谈:慢性踝关节不稳
- 标准与规范
- 慢性踝关节不稳
- 临床研究
- 经验交流
- 继续教育园地
- 综述
- 文献速览
Long-term chronic ankle instability may lead to osteochondral damage to the parietal talus as well as osteoarthritis. Options for surgery include ligament repair, non-anatomical reconstruction of ligaments, and anatomical reconstruction. Recovery of stability and long-term control of osteoarticular progression are major considerations when choosing surgical techniques. Studies have shown that anatomical reconstruction and anatomical restoration have shown good results in terms of patient satisfaction, ankle stability and mobility. Then, there are few studies on the changes in the cartilage composition of the talar parietal and subtalar joints after anatomical reconstruction and repair. Morphological magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is one of the most useful tools for identifying degenerative articular cartilage changes based on changes in signal intensity and morphological features. However, the role of morphological MRI sequences in the diagnosis of early cartilage degeneration is limited. The T2/T2*mapping sequence is a well-established technique to evaluate early cartilage degeneration by quantifying cartilage matrix degeneration. Evidence suggests that elevated T2/T2* values may be associated with collagen disorders and increased water content in cartilage, which can be used as a sensitive indicator of early cartilage degeneration. Compared with T2mapping, T2*mapping has the advantages of shorter acquisition time and higher resolution, and has been used to evaluate articular cartilage.
Chronic ankle instability is a common orthopedic problem. In acute ankle sprains, up to 40% of patients may develop chronic ankle instability. In most cases, the modified Broström procedure can repair the anterior talofibular ligament injury and stabilize the ankle joint. However, ligament reconstruction may be a better option for patients with severe ligament laxity, excessive local soft tissue defects, heavy body weight, high exercise requirements, underlying deformities, or previous failure of ligament repair. Non-anatomical ligament reconstruction, including Watson-Jones and Chrisman Snook surgery, may lead to peroneal tendon fatigue, subtalar stiffness and osteoarthritis, calf atrophy, and persistent instability due to changes in the biomechanics of the ankle and subtalar joints, which may affect the long-term efficacy. Therefore, anatomical ligament reconstruction is generally recommended when ligament reconstruction is required. Recent studies have shown satisfactory clinical and imaging results in anatomical reconstruction of the lateral ankle ligament with autologous hamstring muscle transplantation for primary cases of severe chronic ankle instability. However, few studies have evaluated the effectiveness of this surgical approach in revision cases. Furthermore, there are currently no studies comparing the results of primary reconstruction and revision reconstruction of the lateral ligament with hamstring transplantation.
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