1987年 · 第100卷第01期

This paper reports histopathologic observations on the process of proliferation and growth of human echinococcosis. The specimens were obtained from 15 patients with cystic echinococcosis and 10 with alveolar echinococcosis. By light microscope, the disease showed in both groups 2 modes of proliferation, exogenous and endogenous budding. In cystic echinococcosis, endogenous budding entails localized or diffuse hyperplasia of the germinal membrane, formation of a brood capsule, and development of protoscolices. Exogenous budding chiefly involves migration of protoscolices from the germinal membrane to the outside of the exocyst via the laminated layer and fibro-exocystic wall. In alveolar echinococcosis, endogenous budding is characterized by propagation of the alveolar wall towards the intra-alveolar cavity with formation of septum, whereas exogenous budding is propagation of the alveolar wall to the exterior to produce daughter and grand-daughter alveoli.

It has been shown that rat splenocytes incubated in the presence of interleukin-2 become cytotoxic to WBT-2M fibrosarcoma cells of WKA rats and to SST-2 mammary carcinoma cells of SHR rats in vitro. We have performed adoptive transfer of such lymphokine-activated-killer (LAK) cells in WBT-2M and SST-2 metastatic models to test their in vivo efficacy. The LAK cells infused intravenously into WKA rats with WBT-2M fibrosarcoma and into SHR rats with SST-2 mammary carcinoma led to marked decrease in the number of pulmonary metastatic nodules and to the improvement of the survival of animals bearing tumor. The combination of LAK cells and interleukin-2 proved to be a more effective anti-tumor therapy than LAK cells alone. The administration of LAK cells led to significant decrease in the number of tumor cells retained and survived in the lungs. Additional administration of LAK cells on the third and the seventh day showed more marked inhibition of pulmonary metastases of WBT-2M fibrosarcoma in WKA rats. It is clear that LAK cells are able to destroy tumor cells retained in lungs and established WBT-2M pulmonary micrometastases. According to the results described above, it is suggested that the use of LAK cells may prove to be a valuable method for the treatment of human neoplasms.

A new method of tooth arrangement in making complete dentures with adjustable articulators is proposed. It is based upon 3 factors and 4 laws instead of the conventional 5 factors and 10 laws. The theory of 3 factors and 4 laws is simple and easy to grasp, and is very useful in guiding correction of premature contact points formed with both simple and adjustable articulators.

Puerarin 10-7, 3×10-6M, produced a parallel rightward shift on isoprenaline dose/response curves for positive chronotropic action on rabbit isolated right atria muscle and negative inotropic effects on guinea-pig trachea strips. The PA2 values and slopes of isoprenaline antagonist effects were obtained. Puerarin 40-100 mg/kg iv, blocked the isoprenaline-induced tachycardia and hypotension in cats, and decreased normal heart rate and reduced the blood pressure in anesthetized cats. All these effects were attenuated or reversed by prior reserpinisation. In addition, puerarin also significantly reduced or completely blocked the secondary vaso-dilating hypotensive effects of epinephrine 10 μg/kg iv and the isoprenaline-induced shortening of the P-R and Q-T intervals.

The role of HLA antigens on the immune response of human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) is studied. The spontaneous cell mediated cytotoxicity of PBL to the BEL 7402 hepatocellular carcinoma cell line and the susceptibility of PBL during blastogenesis to the suppressive effect of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) are tested. It is found that PBL with HLA-A3, compared with non-A3 PBL, exhibited low natural killing activity and its blastogenesis is highly suppressed by AFB1. All these suggest that these two immune responses may be related to HLA-linked genetic control. Allogeneic restriction in the natural killing activity has not been proved in this study. The possible mechanism of HLA-A3 association with the immune response is discussed.

In 26 cases of aplastic anemia, iron deficiency anemia, hemoglobinopathy, paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinemia, sideroblastic anemia and erythroleukemia, the ultrastructural changes in the red cell series were studied. The disease had some similar structural changes such as ropalocytosis of cell membrane, iron loaded mitochondria and clear-cut demarcation between the heterochromatin and euchromatin, although their causes or pathogenesis are different. Numerous red ceUs with inclusion bodies were found in one case of PNH after splenectomy.

Tongue inspection, a major means of making diagnoses and prognoses in traditional Chinese medicine, can be traced from rudimentary tortoise shell and bone inscriptions dating from the 16th century BC through its elaboration in the fifth to third century BC, development by famed physician Zhang Zhong-jing at the beginning of the third century AD and the first monographs specializing in the subject were written by Ao Shi in the thirteenth century during the Song dynasty (960-1279). Xue Ji (1488-1558) in his Xue's Medical Records summarized the state of the art of his age and includcd 36 illustrations. This text is still apropos for clinical practice today. During the Ming (1368-1644) and Qing (1644-1911) dynasties the method was taken seriously and widely applied. Many articles and books have been published on the subject since 1949.

This article reports a clinical analysis of 30 cases of subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus (SCLE). There were two morphological types: annular erythema (23 cases) and erythematous, papulo-squamous erythema (7 cases). The other features were photo sensitivity (26.7%), Raynaud's phenomenon (20%), diffuse nonscarring aloepecia (3.3%), arthralgia or arthritis (66.7%'), fever (16.7%), muscular aching (20%) and mild involvement of the kidneys (10%). No cardiac and central nervous systems were affected. ANA occurred in high frequency (82.1%) and titer. The positive rate of anti La-antibody reached 70%. The significance in separating SCLE as a distinct disease entity is discussed.

30 cases of congenital hypothyroidism are analysed. The female to male ratio was 1.7:1 and the age ranged from newborn to 12 years, 12 being infants below 2 years. Most cases had classical symptoms and signs. In 25 cases with serum T4 radioimmunoassay T4 was less than normal in 23, and in 13 cases having serum TSH determinations TSH was elevated before thyroid therapy. Combined use oF thyroid scan with technetium-99m pertechnetate and low dose 131I thyroidal uptake in the anatomic diagnosis of etiology and assessment of thyroid activity was stressed. In the series the misdiagnosis rate was 16.6%. It is imperative to recognize the compensated form of congenital hypothyroidism, since the clinical manifestations may be subtle, with near normal serum T4 and T3, but definitely increassed serum TSH. Owing to the instability of the content of desiccated thyroid and patient individual requirements and reactivity, dosage should be individualized. Concomitant infections should be treated in time, special precautions should be taken against latent myxedematous heart disease in hypo thyroid infants in whom daily fluids should be restricted with conservative doses of thyroid generally at the beginning of treatment. The results of treatment were excellent in our series.