1984年 · 第97卷第12期

Experiments were carried out in mongrel dogs anesthetized with pentobarbital. Escherichia coli endotoxin (5 mg/kg, iv) was given to produce circulatory shock. In 6 dogs, 5 mg/kg of anisodamine was infused intravenously for 60 minutes causing an increase in heart rate, left ventricular systolic pressure, positive and negative maximum dp/dt and mean arterial pressure. Renal vascular resistance was decreased, while renal blood flow and urinary out flow increased. No such changes were observed in 6 control animals which were given saline infusion. The results obtained indicate that anisodamine given at early stage of endotoxin shock improves myocardial contractility.

Cycleanine dimethobromide (CDB) is a quarternary salt of cycleanine isolated from Stephania epigeae HS Lo. In animals, CDB produces hypotension mediated via the ganglionic blocking effect and partially via histamine release. During this hypotension, the peripheral vascular resistance and minute cardiac output are reduced, but stroke volume remains constant. CDB has weak neuromuscular blocking action of non-depolarizing type, and its hypotensive effect may be exaggerated under anesthesia. CDB has been used as a controlled hypotensive agent in certain surgical procedures, e.g, cardiovascular surgery, resection of meningioma or cerebral aneurysm, surgery on nasopharyngeal fibroangioma, etc. Clinical trials in 309 cases are promising. The controlled hypotensive effect is prompt, reliable, reversible and easily adjusted. Mydriasis and tachycardia are negligiable.

The comparative pathologic and radiologic study on 50 surgically resected specimens shows that the normal radiologic pattern of areae gastricae presents a regular-reticulated appearance. The abnormal areae gastricae are classified into four types: hyperplastic, atrophic, erosive, and destructive. The study of areae gastricae of the resected specimen may help improve radiologic diagnosis of minute mucosal changes of stomach, particularly in gastritis and early gastric carcinoma. However, its clinical application requires further investigation and improvement of the in vivo demonstration of areae Gastricae.

A series of 17 patients with radial neck fracture were treated, and followed up for 1 to 6 years. Fourteen patients had satisfactory results. The method of treatment, complications and indications are discussed.

Two cases of epidermodysplasia verruciformis (EV) were studied histologically and electron-micro-scopically. The lesions were quite similar to human common warts. The verruciformis lesions on the right thigh and the left forearm showed histologic changes similar to those of verruca plana. There were hyperkeratosis, moderate acanthosis and vacuolization of the granular and prickle cell layer. Human papilloma viruses (HPV) were found in lesions of 2 patients with epidermodysplasia verruciformis. The results suggest that some viruses may induce EV lesions.

In order to establish a more precise definition of hoarseness, a more objective method was used to evaluate the quality of hoarseness. Comparisons were made by spectrographic analysis between the normal voice and hoarse voice. There was significant difference between the normal and hoarseness spectra. The hoarseness degrees were consistent with the spectra features. The authors classified the hoarse spectra into 4 grades according to the spectra curves, formant distortional degree and additional random noise components appearing in the high frequency range.

The authors reported the tegumental changes of schistosomulum japonicum (mainland strain) in the hepato-portal system as observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). From the honeycomb-like structure of tegumental pattern of schistosomula of 10 days and stripe-like crests or ridges of 15 days, the authors considered that the hepato-portal system phase is a period of intensive developmental changes and that these changes represent physiological adaptation for a new period of growth.

The effect of an ethanolic extract of the bark of Melia azedarach L on Schistosoma mansoni infection in mice is studied. The number of parasites is reduced appreciably by 2 mg extract injected daily for 30 days. The number of younger granulomas in the livers of the infected mice is also diminished. It is evident that the extract is not only effective against the development of the infection but also against the production of parasite eggs.

An improved method of quantitative evaluation of systemic arterial resistance by external carotid tracing is presented. The systolic decay time t-½, derived from an exponential equation, showed significant increase in patients with essential hypertension as compared with normal subjects, while no changes were observed in patients with systolic hypertension.

Ocluar motor apraxia is a rare disorder in which the patient is unable to move the eyes to carry out conjugate gaze under command, but at other times is able to carry out the movement randomly. The disturbance involves horizontal movement only and vertical gaze is normal. When patient changes the fixation it is accomplished by jerky lateral head thrusts with contraversion of the eyes, overshoot of the head, then the fixation and realignment of the head and eyes recovered. Since Cogan (1952) first reported 4 cases, over 80 cases have been reported in the literature. Here, we present 2 cases of congenital ocular motor apraxia.