2017年 · 第97卷第06期

In the process of human society, public events such as sudden accidents and disasters, social security and natural disasters always exist. Since the 1990s, with the rapid development of China's economy and society, accidents and disasters such as fire and explosion have occurred from time to time, resulting in a large number of casualties^[1,2,3,4]。 The characteristics of disastrous group or mass burns (MBCD) also show certain changes: the number of wounded is large, often accompanied by combined injuries such as inhalation injury and impact injury and poisoning, and the overall injury is serious; The early treatment time is tight and the task is heavy. From on-site first aid, transportation to early treatment, a lot of manpower, material resources, command and coordination are required; The incidence of complications such as shock and infection is high and severe, and the condition is complicated and the treatment is difficult. The disaster scene is difficult to approach, the early rescue force is insufficient, and the rescue facilities are damaged; The social impact is huge^[1,5,6,7]。 The treatment of MBCD needs the support of national and local medical and health rescue system for public emergencies, which is both a medical problem and a social problem. This paper analyzes and summarizes the experience and lessons of MBCD treatment at home and abroad in recent years, and discusses the relevant problems in several key links of early treatment, in order to provide reference for improving the emergency treatment ability and treatment level of MBCD.

Ptosis is a common clinical disease, which not only affects the appearance of patients, but also causes adverse effects on the visual function^[1,2]。 At present, there are many examination methods and detection indexes for ptosis^[3]Many doctors are unclear about the significance and methods of some examinations and tests, and they often do not conduct relevant examinations and tests before surgery; In addition, there are many surgical methods related to ptosis. Since the first report of simple skin resection to correct ptosis, dozens of methods including levator muscle-related surgery, frontal muscle-related surgery and Müller muscle-related surgery have been reported by domestic and foreign scholars to correct ptosis^{[4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17]}。 Faced with numerous surgical options, clinicians are often caught in the dilemma of choosing, and the indications of surgery are not accurate, resulting in unsatisfactory surgical results and high complication rate^{[18,19,20,21,22]}。 In recent years, China's plastic surgery market has developed rapidly, and many new diagnosis and treatment methods have emerged constantly, but there are also many problems such as irregular diagnosis and treatment. In order to solve these problems, this consensus was finally formulated after seven rounds of discussion and revision by experts from major ophthalmoplastic surgery centers in China under the organization of the Ophthalmoplastic Professional Committee of the Aesthetic and Plastic Surgeon Branch of Chinese Medical Doctors Association.

Hemodialysis is one of the main methods for the treatment of end-stage renal disease. The National Kidney Foundation of the United States recommends that autologous arteriovenous fistula be the first choice to establish hemodialysis access. However, artificial arteriovenous fistuloplasty (AVG) may be considered for patients with unsuitable autologous vascular conditions or occlusion of autologous vascular fistula. This study retrospectively analyzed the clinical efficacy and follow-up results of AVG for maintenance hemodialysis, and explored its treatment strategy and effectiveness.

Neuroendocrine tumors originate from embryonic neuroendocrine cells and can occur in many organs and tissues throughout the body. The 2010 World Health Organization (WHO) Gastrointestinal Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor Classification classified this tumor with highly heterogeneous clinical manifestations into well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (NET) and poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas (NEC)^[1]。 Localized neuroendocrine tumors can be surgically resected, but about half of neuroendocrine tumors are locally advanced or have distant metastases at the time of diagnosis. Radical surgical resection is difficult, and drug treatment is needed to delay tumor progression and prolong patient survival. At present, the drug therapy for advanced NEC is still platinum-based chemotherapy, and the progress in the field of drug therapy in recent years mainly focuses on advanced NET. Phase III clinical study results show that somatostatin analogs (SSA) and molecular targeted drugs (including everolimus and sunitinib) can delay the progression of patients with advanced NET.