2016年 · 第39卷第12期

With the rapid development of molecular diagnosis technology, molecular diagnosis plays an increasingly important role in disease prevention, diagnosis, individualized drug treatment, efficacy observation, prognosis and health management, and its contribution to clinical medicine is also increasing^[1,2]。 However, at present, the clinical testing items that medical institutions at all levels in China can provide are very limited, mainly focusing on infectious diseases, a small number of genetic diseases and tumor-related gene testing, and the gap between them and foreign laboratories is very huge. There is a lack of product supply in the market for many clinically urgently needed items. Some diseases are relatively limited or few, and the input-output ratio of manufacturers is too low, so manufacturers lack the enthusiasm to develop products^[3,4]。 On the one hand, these factors limit the innovation and development of Chinese medicine, on the other hand, they also cause many patients to not get timely diagnosis and treatment. To solve this contradiction, in accordance with the requirements of the National Drug Administration Law and the consistent practice of developed countries, qualified, qualified and compliant laboratories are allowed to carry out a small number of clinical practices under the premise of effective supervision and quality assurance. Self-built projects without qualified product supply in the market are one of the reasonable solutions.

microRNA (miRNA) is a kind of endogenous small molecule RNA with post-transcriptional regulatory activity, which is involved in the regulation of gene expression at various levels, mainly through degradation and translation inhibition of target mRNA^[1]。 atherosclerosis (AS) is an inflammatory disease with a pathological process characterized by a chronic inflammatory response, whose development is always accompanied by an inflammatory response^[2]。 More and more studies have shown that miRNA is involved in the development of atherosclerosis. In recent years, it has been reported that miRNA may exist in body fluids such as blood, which makes it possible for circulating miRNA to be a diagnostic, prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target^[3]。 In this study, the expression level of miR-155 in the serum of AS patients and the expression level of miR-155 in plaque tissue were detected, and the expression level of miR-155 in the serum of patients with different degrees of AS lumen stenosis was also detected. The correlation between miR-155 and common risk factors of AS was further analyzed by statistical methods, and the diagnostic ability of miR-155 to coronary artery stenosis>75% was analyzed by ROC. The expression and clinical significance of miR-155 in AS were discussed, and new ideas were provided for the auxiliary diagnosis of AS and the grading of coronary artery stenosis.

The mortality rate of ovarian cancer ranks first among gynecological malignant tumors, and the 5-year survival rate is about 30%^[1]。 At present, platinum combined with paclitaxel has become the first-line standard chemotherapy regimen after ovarian cancer surgery. It is known that there are obvious individual differences in clinical efficacy of ovarian cancer patients to platinum drugs, and platinum resistance is the main cause of chemotherapy failure^[2]。 Studies have shown that single nucleotide polymorphism is the main form of gene polymorphism and the main factor determining the difference of drug sensitivity, which can be used as a clinical predictive index^[3,4,5]。

Golgi protein 73 (GP73) is a type II Golgi transmembrane glycoprotein, which has been shown to be a potential diagnostic marker for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)^[1]。 In view of the shortcomings of the current ELISA method for clinical detection of GP73, such as poor repeatability and low sensitivity^[2]This study plans to establish a chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay (CLEIA) with good reproducibility, high sensitivity, fast and wide linear range to verify the method performance^[3]。 Combined with GP73 assay, the clinical diagnostic efficacy was evaluated.

The level of sex hormones is valuable for clinicians to understand the endocrine function of patients and diagnose related diseases, and it is also an indispensable test item in assisted reproduction. Conventional sex hormone programs include follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol (E₂), progesterone, testosterone and prolactin (PRL).

acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is an infectious disease caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. HIV mainly invades CD4 after infection⁺T cells destroy the body's immune function, leading to various opportunistic infections and malignant tumors. Clinically, there are multiple system damages and multiple symptoms. The progression of AIDS is also related to the body's immune dysfunction, which is often manifested as the dysregulation of autoimmune response, such as the appearance of antinuclear antibody positive, CD4⁺T cell reduction, etc. direct antiglobulin test (DAT) is used to detect incomplete antibodies on the surface of RBC or RBC that has been sensitized by complement. Positive DAT is more common in diseases such as autoimmune hemolytic anemia and neonatal hemolysis. In clinical practice, the author found that the positive rate of DAT in AIDS patients is much higher than that in the general population, but at present, there are few reports of serum DAT results and other immune function indexes in AIDS patients by domestic and foreign scholars. This study conducted a preliminary analysis and discussion on the relationship between serum DAT test results and other immune function indexes in AIDS patients.

In recent years, the detection rate of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) strains has been increasing year by year due to the overuse of carbapenem antibiotics in clinic^[1,2,3], leading CRE-infected patients to the dilemma of no drug available^[4]。 China Bacterial Drug Resistance Monitoring Network reported that a few carbapenem-resistant strains appeared in Enterobacteriaceae in 2014, with Klebsiella pneumoniae as the most frequent strains, and their resistance rates to imipenem and meropenem were both>10%^[5]。 According to the statistics of Hebei Bacterial Drug Resistance Monitoring Network in 2013, the resistance rates to imipenem and meropenem in Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Enterobacter cloacae increased, especially the resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae to carbapenem antibiotics increased the fastest^[6], K. pneumoniae resistance rates to imipenem and meropenem were 2.6% and 3.7%, respectively^[7]。 Enterobacteriaceae bacteria resistant to carbapenem antibiotics pose a great threat to public health and bring great difficulties to the prevention and treatment of infections. Therefore, it is particularly important to detect it quickly. The aim of this study was to screen a simple and accurate method for the phenotypic detection of carbapenemase in Enterobacteriaceae bacteria suitable for clinical laboratories.

Neonatal bacterial infection is the main cause of increasing neonatal mortality^[1,2]However, there are currently few diagnostic indicators for early neonatal bacterial infections. Studies have found that heparin-binding protein (HBP) can be involved in the direct maintenance and development of inflammation^[3]。 Guidelines for the Treatment of Severe Sepsis/Septic Shock in China (2014)^[4]It is pointed out that HBP can be used as an early diagnostic marker of sepsis, especially severe bacterial infection. However, the use of HBP in early neonatal bacterial infections is rarely reported. In this study, HBP, C-Reactive Protein (CRP), Procalcitonin (PCT) and White blood count (WBC) were detected in the plasma of infected patients to evaluate the role of HBP in the diagnosis of early neonatal bacterial infection.

The International Laboratory Medicine Conference on Standardized Management of Performance in the Pre-and Post-Analytical Phases of Laboratory Testing was successfully organized by the International Union of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (IFCC) and the Working Group on Laboratory Errors and Patient Safety (WG-LEPS) on October 27, 2016 in Padova, Italy. More than 200 experts and medical experiment professionals from various countries attended the meeting.

The 12th National Conference on Laboratory Medicine of Chinese Medical Association, co-sponsored by Chinese Medical Association and Laboratory Medicine Branch of Chinese Medical Association and hosted by Chongqing Medical Association, was held in Chongqing from September 21 to 24, 2016. This conference continues the previous theme of "best test, better care", and invites well-known experts and scholars from domestic and foreign laboratory-related fields to gather together to conduct academic exchanges around the new situation and challenges faced by laboratory medicine. Academician Wang Zhengguo of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, Academician He Lin of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Professor Maurizio Ferrari, President of the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry (IFCC), American Association for Clinical Chemistry (AACC) Professor Steven Y.H. Wong, the former Chairman, Professor Y. Victoria Zhang, the current Chairman of the Asia Pacific Working Group of AACC, and internationally renowned scholars from the United States, Italy and other countries attended the conference and held academic exchanges. More than 2,200 laboratory medical workers from all over the country attended this conference. The conference supported inspectors from grass-roots units in the central and western regions to participate in the conference, and supported 32 representatives from remote areas from Gansu, Guangxi, Guizhou, Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Yunnan and other provinces and cities.