Volume 139  ·   Issue 07  ·  2026

To the Editor: Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis (NMDAR-E) is a severe autoimmune disorder characterized by pathogenic autoantibodies targeting the glutamate ionotropic receptor NMDA type subunit 1 (GluN1) of NMDA receptors, manifesting clinically as psychiatric disturbances, seizures, and cognitive deficit.^[1]Although current research predominantly focuses on B cell-derived autoantibody mechanism,^[2,3]the contributions of T cell immunity remain incompletely characterized. Emerging evidence implicates T cell involvement in NMDAR-E pathogenesis, including histopathological observations of T cell infiltrates in patient brain parenchyma^[4]and hippocampal CD8⁺T cell accumulation in murine models.^[5]To systematically investigate CD8⁺T cell heterogeneity and function, we performed integrated single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and T cell receptor sequencing (scTCR-seq) profiling, combined with flow cytometry and functional co-culture assays, using peripheral blood (PB) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from NMDAR-E patients and controls [Supplementary Figure 1A, http://links.lww.com/CM9/C548].

To the Editor:Asthma ranks among the 10 leading causes of non-fatal disease burden in Chinese children.^[1]Although the prevalence of childhood asthma is relatively low, compared with that in 204 countries and territories worldwide,^[1]the number of children affected is considerable, given China’s large population size. Driven by differential exposure to environmental and lifestyle risk factors, the prevalence of asthma differed substantially across regions.^[2]

To the Editor: Asthma affects over 300 million people globally and imposes substantial burdens.^[1]It has a notable hereditary component, with heritability ranging from 70% to 90%. With the emergence of summary statistics from large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS), polygenic risk scores (PRSs) are increasingly used to assess the genetic risk of asthma. Obesity and insulin resistance (IR) are prevalent in patients with asthma and are associated with airway hyperreactivity, poor lung function, more asthma attacks, and a weak response to treatment.^[2]The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, which measures IR using a combination of fasting blood glucose and triglyceride levels, has been associated with severe exacerbation of asthma. However, the relationship between the TyG index and the risk of onset of asthma is unclear. The TyG-body mass index (BMI) index is a new metabolic indicator that considers the relationship between IR and obesity in cardiopulmonary diseases and might be a better predictor. This study aimed to determine if the TyG-BMI value is associated with the risk of asthma onset in a large prospective cohort and to explore its interaction with genetic factors.

To the Editor: Patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) often undergo bowel resection due to complications. Indeed, bowel resection is not a curative approach and has relatively high rates of postoperative complications and recurrence.^[1]The 10-year risk of having a second resection after the first is 35%, although more recent studies suggest that this may have decreased to closer to 30%.^[2]How to prevent postoperative recurrence (POR) has become a major concern.