1979年 · 第92卷第02期

The formula of an infant diet, a milk substitute, is described. It includes: soybean flour, rice flour, corn flour, cane sugar, fresh eggs, edible vegetable oil, egg shell powder and riboflavin. The toxic factors in the soybean flour (trypsin inhibitor and hemagglutinin) are eliminated by steaming and desiccation. Feeding trials made on 20 infants showed that it has growth-promoting effects comparable to that of breast milk.

66,669 live births(1954—1975) in the Second Hospital of the Shanghai Textile Bureau, were investigated. Infant mortality rate decreased about 76.0%, in this period, from 44.20‰ to 10.6‰. The mortality rate was highest near the time of delivery. In the last 12 years, 85.8% of all deaths occurred in the neonatal period, 72.1% of the deaths occurred in the first postnatal week, which further increased to 90.9% in 1975. The most important causes of infant deaths were neonatal respiratory disease (43.2%), malformation (25.4%), respiratory infection (9.1%) and intracranial hemorrhage (7.6%). Prematurity accounted for 78.8% (67/85) among the deaths of neonatal respiratory disease. 50% of the malformation, diagnosed by necropsy, were cardiac malformations, which all died of complication of pneumonia or massive aspiration of amniotic fluid. Therefore one should check to see if there is cardiac malformation in neonatal pneumonia.

A total of 454 cases of colorectal carcinoma (289 associated with and 165 unassociated with schistosomiasis) were studied pathologically. It was found that further schistosoma was an etiologic factor in bowel malignancy in patients with diffuse involvement of the large intestine and a 10-year or more history of symptoms. The results of the study also showed that diminutive polyps, pseudopolyps, ectopically proliferating glands, disintegrated muscularis mucosae, denudation and multicentric carcinoma were frequently encountered in the schistosomiasis-associated group, while in the other group, papillary and adenomatous polyps were most common. Pseudopolyposis, ectopically regenerating glands and multicentricity are thought to play an important role in the development of malignant degeneration.

The clinical and roentgenologic data of 22 cases of acute pulmonary mycosis are analyzed, with special emphasis on the X-ray manifestations. Of the 22 cases, 12 were roentgenographically shown the so called "cottonball" nodular opacities in the chest, 4 cavitation and 6 pneumonia-like presentation. Furthermore, in 3 cases there were many small, snow-flake-like patchy opacities of heterogeneous density over 60% of both lung fields. The lesions, both unilateral and bilateral, were more concentrated in the middle and lower lung fields. These lesions when enlarged with aggravation of the disease would join to form large patches within a few days or even hours.

Since 1973 we have used the cryoprobe in the treatment of giant cell tumors of bone with good results, particularly those deeply seated in the spine and pelvis. The operations were carried out by alternating freezing with chiselling, the former lasting 2-3 minutes each time. The mechanism of the treatment and 3 cases are discussed.

Experiments on restrained rats showed that the pain responses thresholds (tail-flick and vocalization) induced by noxious, stimuli were increased markedly after electroacupuncture. Following electrolytic lesions or specific 5-HT neuronal intoxication by 5,6-dihydroxytryptamine in nucleus raphe magnus, dorsalis or medianus, the acupuncture effects were significantly reduced on the early postoperative days. It is inferred that the raphe serotonergic system may play an important role in the analgesic effect of acupuncture. A neural mechanism in acupuncture analgesia is hypothesized.

This forehead island tunnel skin pedicle operation for total reconstruction of the nose shortens the period of hospitalization. Patients can usually be discharged 2-3 weeks after operation, reducing expenses. Nasal configuration remains stable long after operation, its hue closely matches the adjacent tissues and the frontal donor area often shows little, if any, deformation. This one-stage total rhinoplasty was performed on 30 cases with good results in 27. The operation failed in 3, 1 of them had total necrosis as a result of vascular damage to frontal flap during operation. The remaining 2 with insufficient arterial blood supply following vascular spasm, resulting in loss of the columella and alae. A split thickness or full-thickness skin graft is routinely used to close the forehead donor area wound with unsatisfactory result. In recent years the forehead skin is completely excised and covered by skin grafting to repair the depressed area for better cosmetic effect.

Numerous methods have been used to repair nasal defect, but they usually need several operative stages. This paper presents a single stage method for total nose reconstruction which was initially used by the author in 1961, 9 cases of total loss of nose have been treated by this method with results as good as those obtained by the conventional procedures. The operative technic and its advantages are discussed.

Simultaneous measurement of stroke volume by both the impedance method and electromagnetic flow method was carried out in 10 dogs. A total number of 191 paired parameters were obtained. The correlation coefficient between the two methods was 0.80. This study suggests that the impedance method is relatively reliable in reflecting the ascending aorta blood flow changes. The results provide a good basis for measurement of the stroke volume by noninvasive method, clinically and physiologically.