1993年 · 第106卷第07期

Phagocytosis of platelets was studied under electronmicroscope in 36 healthy persons and 64 coronary heart disease (CHD) patients with blood-stasis syndrome (BSS). The result showed that both the number of latex particles phagocytized by platelet and platelets which phagocytized latex particles were decreased in CHD with BSS. It was also found in this group that most of the platelets having active-phagocytosis were of medium size. The proportion of large platelets containing plentiful glycogen granules was much more in CHD patients with BSS and the shapes of platelets were changed readily with active exocytosis and aggregations. Therefore the present findings of disability of platelet phagocytosis might be considered the basic change in CHD with BSS.

An angiogenic factor from human transitional cell cancer of bladder has been purified by protein extraction, cation exchange chromatography, gel filtration high-performance liquid chromatography (GE-HPLC) and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). The purified substance was named bladder cancer angiogenic factor (BCAF). Biological activity of the BCAF was assessed by the method of chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay and 3H-TdR incorporation into DNA in Balb/C 3T3 cells. The BCAF displayed the potent activities of neovascularization in CAM and DNA synthesis in Balb/C 3T3 cells. The ultrastructural features of blood vessels induced by the BCAF were similar to the blood vessels in tumors. The BCAF contained a protein with an approximate molecular weight of 15,000 D which was identified by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and silver staining. Amino acid compositions of the BCAF were also analysed by acid hydrolysis.

It has been speculated that human papillomaviruses (HPV) might be a causative agent of transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. With the polymerase chain reaction technic, fresh specimens of 53 transitional cell carcinomas of the bladder were examined, and bladder epithelium from 12 patients with hyperplasia of prostate and peripheral blood lymphocytes of 8 normal individuals served as controls. The primers set for HPV-16 and 18 were selected from E6/E7 regions of open reading frames. HPV-16 was positive in 52.8% of the specimens examined, whereas HPV-18 positive in only 3.7%. No controls showed either HPV-16 or 18. Reports on the role of HPVs in carcinogenesis of bladder are scanty and yet there exist conspicuous discrepancies among them. There is a diversity of opinions on the contamination and variation of technical procedures. More work should be done before the relationship between HPV-16 and development of bladder carcinoma can be clarified.

Chronic renal allograft rejection at present the most important factor affecting long-term graft survival, and effective therapeutic method is still lacking. This article reports 43 cases of chronic renal rejection treated from January 1989 to April 1992. Effective result was obtained in 27 cases (62.8%). The authors believe that increasing dosage of the immunosuppressants is an effective method for the management of chronic renal rejection and the earlier the treatment is given the better the results would be. The selection and the regulation of the dosage of the immunosuppressants should be determined according to the individual situation.

Eighteen patients with acute hemorrhagic necrotizing pancreatitis who survived from operation were followed up for 12 to 43 months. Late complications including pancreatic external fistula, pseudocyst, hyperglycemia, etc were reviewed. The pancreatic juice was collected through endoscopic cannulation. The volume and HCO3- concentration of the pancreatic juice and three kinds of pancreatic enzymes were measured. The results demonstrated that inspite of anatomic abnormality or functional impairment of the pancreas, the pancreatic insufficiency rarely manifested to be marked because of the compensative ability of the viable exocrine pancreas.

Different methods of burn wound management were used in rats with severe radiation-burn injury. The 30-day survival rate and the functional recovery of thymocytes and splenocytes were significantly higher in the group with early escharectomy and skin grafting than in the group without operational intervention and in the group with skin grafting in the recovery stage. In the group with early escharectomy and skin grafting on the 1st day after injury, all the autografts survived and the survival of the homografts was also markedly prolonged. Escharectomy and skin grafting performed in the late stage aggravated the wound condition, and infection and hemorrhage were the main factors hastening the death of the skin grafts as well as the animals. The findings indicate that escharectomy and skin grafting in the early stage after injury are conducive to the recovery of immune function and consequently to the recovery of the whole organism because infections are minimized after escharectomy and closure of the wound surfaces by skin grafting.

A correlative radiographic and CT study of the wrists of 30 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) was reported. The results showed that sensitivity of CT in detecting wrist erosion is superior to that of conventional radiograph. Accordingly, wrist CT scanning is useful for early diagnosis of RA.

In 27 patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI) and their infarct-related coronary artery being completely occluded who received thrombolytic therapy or percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty, reperfusion was confirmed by immediate coronary angiography in 24. Reperfusion arrhythmias (RA) occurred in 19 (79.2%) of the patients, including ventricular arrhythmias in 13 (54.2%). Ventricular fibrillation and sustained ventricular tachycardia developed in 2 (8.4%) and accelerated idioventricular rhythm in 5 (20.8%), the latter was a reliable indicator of coronary recanalization. Transient sinus bradycardia or AV block occurred in 10 (66.7%) of the 15 patients with inferoposterior MI. The occurrence of RA was not related to the duration of ischemia; ventricular RA was also not related to the location of MI and the occurrence and severity of ischemic arrhythmias before reperfusion.

Cerebral microcirculatory behavior of stroke prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP) suffering from acute stroke (WKY as control group) was studied with laser Doppler flowmetry in vivo. The pharmacological effects of Dextran 40, nimodipine and the combined use of both drugs (40:1 volume ratio) on cerebral microvessels were measured. The results of the experiment have shown that SHRSP had a serious cerebral microcirculatory disturbance when the acute stroke occurred. Both Dextran 40 and nimodipine could improve the cerebral microcirculatory disturbance, but the combined usage presented far more satisfactory effects. Hopefully it will decrease the mortality of patients with acute stroke.

Fragments of core and NS3 of hepatitis C virus-Hunan (HCV-Hun) were cloned by RT-PCR and gene recombinant techniques from blood samples collected in Hunan Province, China. In comparison with sequences of our samples with those of HCV-US and HCV-J, the homologies of nucleotides and amino acids were about 90%, indicating that fragments of core and NS3 of HCV-Hun were in a relative conserved region of HCV. Two fusion proteins containing the peptides coded by HCV core (MBP-HCV core) and HCV. NS3 (MBP-HCV. NS3-Gal) were expressed by Escherichia Coli with recombinant plasmids. The specific HCV antigenicity of the two fusion proteins were identified by western blotting. Therefore, MBP-HCV. core and MBP-HCV.NS3-Gal were found useful for anti-HCV assay.

Human hepatic stimulator substance (hHSS) was purified from fetal liver with 6,000-fold decrease in protein content and 840-fold increase in specific growth stimulative activity. Purification procedures included the heating of a homogenate in 35% (W/V) Tris-HCL at 95 ℃ for 20 min, high and ultra speed centrifugation, passage over Sephadex G100 gel filtration, DEAE-cellulose ion exchange, TSK G3000 SWG high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and YWG C-18 reverse phase HPLC techniques. The most purified material (HP-HSS) revealed cell-specific and dose dependent increase in 3H-TdR incorporation into cellular DNA. As little as 38 ng of the HP-HSS per ml of culture medium produced a 2.5-fold increase in DNA synthesis. Further studies indicate that HP-HSS in combination with insulin and epidermal growth factor stimulate DNA synthesis 16-fold compared with serum and hormone free controls and nearly 3-fold over hepatoma growth with HP-HSS alone. Sodium dedecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis with silver stain and ultrascan XL laser densitrometer quantitative scanning revealed only one band at 12,800.

Using self-made special supporting tube, coloanal anastomosis was performed by intra-anal ligation for radical surgery in 48 patients with low rectal carcinoma. The anastomoses were completed without suturing, and the results were quite satisfactory. Follow-up after operation revealed that the bowel movement and the sphincteric function were excellent in all patients. The anal canal and the anal sphincter were all kept intact and abdominal colostomy was not required for decompression. Anastomosis without suturing, least trauma, and short operation time made blood transfusion unnecessary during the operation. This technique is actually derived from Park's operation, and is considered a promising procedure for coloanal anastomosis in the radical surgery for low rectal carcinoma.