1984年 · 第97卷第10期

The clinical material of 10 patients with porencephaly are presented. Of the series, seven were connected with head trauma. All the patients showed increasing intracranial pressure with neurologic deficits. Our experience demonstrated that ventri-culogram is a very useful aid in the diagnosis of porencephaly. Cortex opening or continuous drainage of porencephalic cyst should be performed as soon as this lesion is confirmed.

Cervical spondylosis caused by pressure of osteophyte spurs should be treated by anterior extensive decompression. We found that application of this method not only can eliminate the pathogenic factors, but also can provide effective space for postoperative traumatic reactions to insure satisfactory late results. 55 cases were so treated and follow ed up for more than 3 years, and the.effective rate was 94%. The mechanism of this procedure is dis cussed in detail.

The actions of nicotinamide (NA) on A-V conduction and heart rate were studied in isolated hearts of rabbits and guinea pigs. NA (20-40 mg) could markedly improve the first to third degree A-V block and the depression of heart rate, caused by perfusion with verapamil-containing solution (120 μg/L) or MnSO4 (90mg/L)-containing Locke's solution, and by rapid injection of ouabain (40 μg). NA (2 mg/ml) given in perfusion of the isolated heart also partially prevented the intraventricular block initiated by rapid injection of procainamide. These results suggest that NA may be efficacious in the treatment of A-V block or dysfunction of sinus node.

Changes in peripheral T and B lymphocytes of rat were studied by cytochemical assay of acid phosphatase (ACP) and 5'N activities 18 months after intravenous injection of 131I of 0, 3, 7 and 17.5 μCi respectively. It was shown that the radioactivity of 131I and the changes in T and B lymphocytes were correlated reversely. The relationship between the decrease of T cells and the radiation.induced dam ages to the thyroid was also discussed.

Through a series of successive scanning electron microscopy observations (1981-1983) on adult Brugia malayi of some districts of Henan and Guizhou provinces, it is seen that on the oral rim there are 6 papillae in the inner circle and 4 in the outen 11 peri-anal papillae and 4-6 others scattered in the interspace from the postanal part to the caudal end are also visible. These observations correspond with Buckley's, but differ from those described by Chen Zi-da and Li Fei-bai. This demonstrates that the morphology of Brugia malayi in some districts is the same as that reported in other countries, therefore they belong to the same species. However, we have also occasionally seen some different features in filarial worms in some districts of Henan Province. Some adult males have 3-5 pairs of lateral papillae beyond the anal opening and some female adults have a single papilla at the sub caudal ends, seeming to show that Brugia malayi in China's vast territory and highly complicated terrain, may well differ in geographical strain or sub-species. This paper also for the first time gives more detailed descriptions of dermal circular striations of Brugia malayi, male bar-like bodies, tubercles on the lateral margin, Henan third stage larvae, papillae at the cephad end of microfilaria, cord-like matter in front of and behind the anal opening and morphology of cephad cap.

A total of 1,069 autopsy cases, including 500 of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), 334 of liver cirrhosis (LC), and 235 of other conditions (controls) were selected from 28,342 autopsies in different areas of China and investigated retrospectively. Orcein stain was the main method for demonstrating intra-cellular hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in order to study the relationship between HCC, LC, and hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Of the HCC cases, 84.6% were associated with LC; 55.9% of the LC cases had HCC. The frequency of HCC in macronodular cirrhosis was 73.8%, strongly indicating the close relationship between the two conditions. The positive rates of IABsAg were 80.2% in HCC, 67.7% in LC, and 4.7% in controls. These suggest that HbsAg was closely related to HCC with background of chronic liver diseases, and liver cell dysplasia was frequently present in HBsAg positive cases. HBV infection leading to liver cell damage and proliferation especially dysplasia may be the pathologic basis of HCC development. HBV is considered an important etiologic factor of HCC.

We successfully treated 4 patients with high voltage electric burn by early debridement without excising the necrosed skull bone in combination with primary flap graft or free greater omentum plus free skin graft to cover the wound. The patients had deep extensive burn of the skull, in addition to severe injury to limbs and nerves. The smallest area of skull necrosis was 4×5 cm, and the largest 15×7 cm. Early debridement removed a small amount of superficial bone tissue, and the necrosed bone plate at the inner layer was preserved. All the patients had primary healing in the short course of treatment.

Clinically, it is commonly seen that certain acupuncture points appear invariably tender. This tenderness is perceived either spontaneously by the patients suffering from pain or passively as revealed through simple mechanical stimulation of the diseased body. However, certain points do not have tenderness even though adequate amount of mechanical force is applied on the points. Such phenomenon suggests that acupuncture points have different functional phases depending on the state of the body health. When the body is healthy, acupuncture points are inactive or remain latent. Under a diseased state, they become either active with perceived tenderness or passive with tenderness only when adequate mechanical pressure is applied. Thus, we can characterize acupuncture points in three functional phases: latent, passive and active.

The causes of acute pancreatitis in 596 patients were classified as follows: dietary surfeit (40.6%), biliary lithiasis and ascariasis (21.7%), alcoholism (2.7%), pregnancy (2.6%), miscellaneous (2.6%), unknown (5.7%) and idiopathic (24.1%). The course of the disease was mild and uneventful in 81.2% of the patients, 4.5% had fulminating necrotizing pancreatitis requiring surgical treatment. The overall hospital mortality was 2.9%, and 80.8% of the survivors were followed up for more than 10 years, with a risk of relapse of 22.7%. Ingestion of large cold rice meal particularly after prolonged fasting in weak individuals was closely associated with the onset of disease. The relapse could be avoided by appropriate dietary measures.

Lymph nodes specimens obtained by extensive resection from 181 patients with gastric carcinoma were studied. The overall rate of lymphatic metastasis was 69% and the involving rate of lymph nodes collected was 27.7%. It was found that the extent of lymphatic metastasis was closely related to the site, size and mural depth of invasion of the primary tumor but not to its histologic type evidently. A general scheme for resection and lymph node extripation in different categories of gastric carcinoma is suggested.