2016年 · 第129卷第11期

Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is one of the most clinically successful surgeries. Despite the prevalence of THA, the number of revisions for septic or aseptic reasons continues to increase.

Pulmonary sclerosing hemangioma (PSH), a thoracic tumor, was first described by Liebow and Hubbell^[1]in 1956. Recently, immunohistochemical evidence and characterization of antibodies have clarified that PSHs are true tumors. They are mainly composed of epithelial cells (Type II pneumocytes) aligned in different directions and accompanied by proliferation and reaction of other components. Because these tumors, especially when multiple, are rare, there is little published information about their clinical manifestations and imaging data. Thus, they can easily be misdiagnosed as malignant disease of the lungs. The presence of a solitary, well-defined, round or oval mass on computed tomography (CT) scanning suggests, however, that pathological examination is necessary to make a definite diagnosis.

Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is a rare disease characterized by thrombocytopenia and acute renal failure. Atypical HUS (aHUS) accounts for approximately 10% of all HUS cases. The pathogenesis of aHUS is mainly associated with gene mutations in complement factor H, complement factor I, and membrane cofactor protein (MCP). The prognosis of aHUS is generally poor. Totally, 60% of patients develop renal failure or even die within 1 year. The efficacy of blood transfusion, dialysis, or plasmapheresis is not excellent. Kidney transplantation is an important method for treating end-stage renal diseases. Studies from other countries show that for patients with complement system function disorders caused by aHUS, the transplantation success rate is low and the postoperative aHUS recurrence rate is high.^[1,2,3]With the introduction of the complement component 5 (C5) monoclonal antibody eculizumab (Alexion, CT, USA), the long-term survival of patients significantly improves.^[1]

Avian influenza has become a serious public health problem. Risk factors for human cases are direct or closed contact with ill, died poultry and live poultry markets (LPMs) exposure. There is high risk of infection with high frequency of visiting LPMs.^[1]Robust data of human and animal models have provided support for the potential for influenza virus transmission by aerosol. The experimental data showed that aerosol transmission accounts for approximately half of influenza A virus spread events.^[2]Thus, identifying the circulating influenza viruses in environmental samples, especially in aerosol of LPMs, is necessary for evaluating public health threat and taking preventive measure. The present study is aimed to analyze the distribution of avian influenza viruses (AIVs) in aerosol and other styles of environmental samples.

To the Editor: Although there have been numerous reports^[1,2,3,4,5]of different synthetic simulators that can provide cleft palate training, none offers a completely ideal model. We proposed an alternative three-dimensional (3D) cleft palate bench model to improve dissected from the nasal layer and from the posterior edge of the hard palate. The nasal layer was closed and the muscles were retroposed and sutured together (intravelar veloplasty). (f) Final appearance after closure of the oral mucosal flaps. Photographic documentation belongs to authors’ archives.

To the Editor: Pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis (PLCH) in adults is a rare disease occurring almost exclusively in smokers. The characteristic high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) manifestation of PLCH is a combination of cysts (or cavities) and nodules mainly in the upper lung zone.^[1]However, not all HRCT patterns of PLCH are typical. Few treatments are effective in current practice regarding PLCH. Targeted therapy with an inhibitor of mutatedBRAF(vemurafenib) has been proved effective in Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) harboringBRAFvaline at position 600 (V600E) mutation.^[2]MAP2K1mutations are mutually exclusive withBRAFmutations and might have implications for the use of BRAF targeted therapy.^[3]Here, we reported a case of PLCH proven by lung biopsy.