2011年 · 第44卷第09期

As early as 1877, Jean-Martin Charcot described the existence of cognitive and personality changes in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), but it was not until the 1960s that Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD) attracted widespread attention by scholars. According to statistics, the incidence of PDD in PD patients is 24% ~31%^[1]70% to 80% of PD patients will eventually develop PDD^[2]PDD accounts for 3% to 4% of all types of dementia^[1]Moreover, PD patients progress to PDD at a rate of 10% per year^[3]。 Therefore, PDD has become a disease that seriously affects the social function and quality of life of the elderly. However, at present, domestic clinicians pay insufficient attention to this, and there are few related studies. In order to better guide clinical practice and promote domestic research on PDD, it is necessary to formulate diagnostic criteria and treatment guidelines for PDD suitable for China.

Huntington's disease (HD) is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disease caused by abnormal amplification of CAG trinucleotide repeats in the IT-15 gene located in the 4p16.3 region of chromosome 4^[1]。 Typical symptoms include choreoid symptoms, cognitive and psychiatric disorders. This disease is seen in people of all ethnic groups, among which Caucasians are the most common^[2]Its prevalence is (5-7) /100,000, while the prevalence of Asians is lower, about 0.5/100,000 in Japan. The mean age of onset was 40 years, and adolescents (<20 years old) and the elderly (>70 years old) also had the disease, the difference between male and female was not statistically significant, and the survival time after the disease was 15~20 years^[3]。 This disease is less common in Oriental people, but it can greatly affect the quality of life of patients and their families. At present, there is no effective treatment to delay the progression of the disease, and empirical symptomatic treatment is still the main treatment.