2014年 · 第53卷第03期

Chronic diseases related to nutrition and metabolism in China are developing rapidly, and the population of diabetes mellitus is increasing rapidly. Among them, elderly patients (≥60 years old according to Chinese standards) are the mainstream population of diabetes mellitus^[1]。 Due to various factors, domestic and foreign studies on the diagnosis and treatment of elderly diabetic patients lack sufficient evidence for reference, many academic groups' guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of elderly diabetes lack specific implementation measures, and there are many misunderstandings in the diagnosis and treatment of elderly diabetes, which affect the overall diabetes prevention and treatment level.

malignant pleural effusion (MPE) refers to pleural effusion caused by a malignant tumor originating from the pleura or a malignant tumor at other sites metastasizing to the pleura. At present, there is still a lack of epidemiological investigation and research data of MPE at home and abroad. According to statistics, the incidence of MPE in the United States exceeds 150 000 people every year. MPE can occur in almost all malignancies. Lung cancer is the most common cause, accounting for about 1/3 of MPE, followed by breast cancer. Lymphoma is also an important cause of MPE. MPE is not uncommon in ovarian cancer and gastrointestinal cancer, and 5% ~10% of MPE cannot find the primary tumor lesion.