1985年 · 第98卷第02期

Alterations in blood-gas parameters before and after caudal block at different levels in 30 children undergoing operation were studied. No significant changes were noted after low caudal block. In high caudal block, hypoxemia may occur but can be successfully corrected by oxygen inhalation. It is suggested that routine use of oxygen inhalation is imperative in caudal anesthesia and that high level block should be avoided in children with poor ventilation.

The effects of anisodamine (654-2) on platelet aggregation rate and release and morphologic changes by scanning electron microscope were observed in endotoxinemic rabbits. After 654-2 intervention the aggregated platelets became partially dispersed and the pseudopods shortened and thickened. From our data, 654-2 protective action may be due to stabilizing the lysosome membrane or other ways of inhibiting bata-glucuronidase release, which may also be its antishock effect mechanism.

This paper presents the results of mouoclonal immunoglobulin (Ig) determinations in 202 cases of malignant lymphomas from August 1980 to July 1982. In 204 normal controls, 51 cases of Hodgkin's disease (HD) and 4 cases of mycosis fungoides, no monoclonal Ig was discovered, while in 146 cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL), monoclonal Ig was detected in 13 (9%). The types and quantities of monoclonal Ig in these cases are discussed. We consider that the appearance of monoclonal Ig may be one of the important characteristics of NHL.

For the past few years, we have been engaged in isolating and separating middle molecules (MMs) from biologic fluids of healthy persons and uremic patients. Plasma or serum, ultrafiltrate, and peritoneal outflow dialysate from uremic patients, as well as plasma from healthy subjects, were fractionated by gel chromatography. Plasma or serum was pretreated with a 40×1 cm Sephadex G 50 column or by CXA ultrafilter. Fractionation of MMs was performed on a 100×1 cm Sephadex G 15 column, eluted with NH4HCO3 buffer. UV absorbance was measured at 206 nm, 225 nm, or both. All samples could be separated into about 10 peaks according to elution volume. Peak 2 and peak 3, corresponding to the elution volumes for vitamin B12 and oxytocin, were significantly higher in uremic than healthy sera. These two peaks were regarded as the main fractions containing uremic MMs. MMs measurement was used to: a) evaluate the efficiency of various dialyzers and hemoperfusion, b) evaluate the efficacy of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) and hemodialysis (HD) in the removal of MMs, c) calculate the total quantity of MMs removed by CAPD, intermittent peritoneal dialysis and ultrafiltration, and d) assess the efficacy of reused dialyzers. Subfractionation of MMs by thin layer finger prints technic was carried out. Identification of the separated substances is in progress.

Pulmonary wedge injection of hydrogen peroxide is a new, effective method for left-sided contrast echocardiography. Of 20 patients, 14 showed dense contrast echoes and 3 relatively sparse spots in the left heart system. The success rate of contrast was 85.0%. No untoward reactions were noticed in the patients. The results, related factors, clinical value, mechanism of action and the points that require attention have been described.

Congenital pits of optic nerve head are crater-like holes in the optic nerve. The condition was first reported by Wiethe in 1882. Similar cases have also been reported in China, but without companying pathologic descriptions. We report a case herein.

Early vascular grafting to reestablish the circulation of the wrist has been used since 1972. In treating electrical injuries in which the wrist is the center of the injury and arteries are involved, this approach has yielded good results and prevented necrosis of the injured limb. However, the indications for this operation are still poorly defined. Is the injury severe enough to affect distal circulation and there by lead to necrosis? There are still no reliable clinical signs to help the doctor decide whether the operation is indicated. In this article, indications for this operation are discussed based on our clinical experience in recent years, and a case of electrical burns of both upper extremities is presented as an illustration.

The phase image is a computer-derived functional image based upon the analysis of blood pool scintigram. Sequential analysis of the septal projections (LAO 30°±) in conjunction with lateral projection (LAO 70°±) were taken to depict the contraction process within the cardiac cycle. Thus contraction of anterolateral and posteroinferior wall of the left ventricle can be observed to reflect the conduction process of left anterior and posterior fasciculi. Correlative studies between ECG and phase image data with special reference to left intraventricular block gave the following impressions: Left axis deviation (LAD) of -30° might be a proper delineation of the abnormal LAD, which usually implies certain conduction abnormality within the left ventricle. The conventional ECG diagnostic criteria of left fascicular block might give rise to over-diagnosis of left anterior hemiblock (LAH) and under-diagnosis of left posterior hemiblock (LPH). The coexistence of LAH with AMI and LPH with inferior myocardial infarction supports the validity of phase image analysis in the diagnosis of left fascicular block. The presence of focal infarction block is well defined in phase image analysis. It should have affected the terminal QRS vector to influence the mean QRS axis.

Tremendous work has been done on the growth and development of Chinese children and adolescents since 1949, the year the People's Republic of China was founded. An investigation in 1979 showed that from 1955 to 1979, the height of boys increased averagely by 5.60 cm and their weight by 3.20 kg, while those of girls increased by 5.10 cm and 2.20 kg respectively. Changes in death rates, nutritional problems, physical exercises, and psychosocial problems of Chinese youth are also discussed.

This paper describes the antigenic variation of influenza A virus in relation to influenza epidemics in Shanghai in the 10 years since the first prevalence of H3N2 virus in 1968. 367 strains of H3N2 virus were isolated, the isolation rates ranging from 37.7 to 97.0%. Antigenic analysis of annual representative strains revealed that epidemics of varying intensity due to 6 variants occurred in Shanghai and inter-mediate and "side-stream" strains were also found in the process of variation.