1994年 · 第107卷第02期

We report five cases of cat-scratch disease encephalopathy (CSDE), with a brief review of the literature in English, in which only 96 patients of CSDE have been described up to the present. The Gram-negative bacilli demonstrated by Warthin-Starry or Dieterle silver stains are regarded as the causative agent of CSDE. Administration of antibiotics is recommended. The onset of CSDE is usually acute and the prognosis favorable.

The environment structure of natural nidi and epidemic areas of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) possesses characteristics of topography, hydrology, climate, soil, vegetation, and animals. The natural nidi and epidemic areas of HFRS are distributed mainly in plain and hilly regions under 500 meters above the sea level; in plentiful-water zones and transitional zones; in temperate zone and subtropical zone of the eastern monsoon region; in the abundant-aluminum soil region and the sial soil region; in the eastern China damp forest region (agricultural districts and northeast forest districts); in the eastern Asia dampness-preferring animal geographic region. Apodemus agrarius and Rattus norvegicus are the thriving animal population, predominant species or common species as well as the main reservoir hosts and sources of infection in the natural nidi and epidemic areas of HFRS.

Cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK-8) has been shown to be a neuropeptide with potent anti-opioid activity. Previous studies have shown that central administration of nanogram dose of CCK-8 totally abolished morphine analgesia in the rat, an effect mediated by CCK-B receptor in central nervous system. In the present study CCK-B antagonist L-365,260 was injected intracerebroventricularly (icv) to Wistar rats to see its effect on the analgesic effect induced by electroacupuncture (EA) stimulation. A marked potentiation of EA-induced analgesia was observed. The degree of potentiation depends on the frequency of EA used, with a rank order of 100 Hz>15 Hz=2/15 Hz>>2 Hz. In a strain of rat with acoustically evoked epileptic seizure (P77PMC rats), an extra-ordinarily strong analgesic effect was produced in response to 100 Hz EA stimulation, which was similar to that in Wistar rats pre-treated with L-365,260. However, L-365,260 was not effective in potentiating EA analgesia in P77PMC rats. The results suggest that (1) high frequency EA is more likely to increase the release of CCK-8 in CNS as compared to low frequency EA, and (2) P77PMC rats may have a functional defect of the central CCK neurons in the nature of either a low CCK content or a reduced rate of release of CCK-8 in the CNS.

Six brains of patients aged from 71 to 85 years of clinically and pathologically diagnosed senile dementia of Alzheimer type and six brains of age-matched controls (55-91 years) was used for this study. The retrosplenial cortex of these brains have been examined by Gallyas and Campbell-silver impregnations. Gallyas preparation showed a number of intracellular pathological changes in retrosplenial cortex of demented individuals. Although the neuritic plaques, the neurofibrillary tangles and neuropil threads were seen in all lamina, their high density appear in lamina IIIa and V of retrosplenialis lateralis (Rsl), retrosplenialis intermedia (Rsi), retrosplenialis media (Rsm) and parasplenialis (Ps). The retrosplenial cortex of non-demented individuals was almost devoid of neurofibrillary changes. The retrosplenial cortex of all demented individuals and one age-matched controls showed a large amount of amyloid deposits in Campbell preparation, while two non-demented individuals showed only small amounts of amyloid. The amyloid deposition can be classified into three types. The packing of Campbell-argyrophilic material show area-specific and lamina-specific distribution.

The Chinese Neurology and Psychiatry Association conducted a national field trial of its Chinese Classification and Diagnostic Criteria of Mental Disorders (CCMD-2) involving 26 provinces and municipalities, 80 psychiatric institutes, and 224 professionals. The results were as follows: (1) 95.2% of researchers considered the comprehensibility of the CCMD-2 diagnostic criteria good. Within the ten major categories, comprehensibility ranged from 85.7% to 100%. (2) Of those surveyed concerning the acceptability of the CCMD-2 diagnostic criteria, 85.9% considered them acceptable. In individual classifications, the rate ranged from 74.1% to 95.2%. (3) 1498 cases were tested. The overall applicability rate which indicated the consistency between the CCMD-2 result and the actual clinical diagnoses was found to be 87.6%, (averaging Kappa=0.82, P<0.01), better than those obtained from non-Chinese systems of diagnosis.

From September 1985 to December 1992, 160 cases of reconstruction of the esophagus with the whole stomach through the esophageal bed after resection of the upper esophageal carcinoma were performed with neither operative mortality nor intrathoracic complications. The leakage rate of the cervical anastomosis with Gambee's single layer method was 1.2%. The main steps of the operative procedure consisted of: (1) making a right thoracotomy for dissecting and removing the entire thoracic esophagus; (2) laparotomy for mobilizing the whole stomach, constricting it to tube shape and doing a pyloroplasty; and (3) pulling up the mobilized tube-like stomach through the posterior mediastinal space (i.e. the esophageal bed) out of the left neck incision and then the esophagogastrostomy with Gambee's single layer anastomosis was performed.

Apolipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] phenotypes of 69 myocardial infarction survivor and 56 stroke patients were reported and compared to those of 190 healthy Chinese. The results revealed that the distributions of apo(a) phenotype frequency in patients with cardio-cerebrovascular disease (CCVD) were different from those of controls. The frequency of the phenotypes S1 and S2 were remarkably higher in patients than in controls within the same single-band apo(a) phenotype. Moreover, the Lp (a) serum concentrations in CCVD patients were significantly higher than in controls within the same single-band apo (a) phenotype. The apo (a) phenotype analysis of two pedigrees were shown as a typical autosomal dominant inheritance.

It is postulated the pulmonary injury in acute necrotizing pancreatitis could be due to oxygen-derived free radicals released during the attack of acute pancreatitis. To elucidate the relationship between oxygen-derived free-radicals and the degree of pulmonary injury in acute necrotizing pancreatitis, lipid peroxide (LPO) in lung tissues, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and serum were measured in 10 adult Mongrel dogs with acute necrotizing pancreatitis induced by injection of 5% sodium taurocholate into the pancreatic duct. Compared with the controls (n=10), the weight of lung was increased (241.2±33.7 g vs 121.2±51.4 g, P<0.05). LPO of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was higher (3.56±1.64 μmol/L vs 0.75±0.31 μmol/L, P<0.05), LPO in peripheral and portal vein 10 hours after induction of acute pancreatitis was also significantly increased. The LPO content of lung tissue was not higher than that of the control group, but hemorrhage within alveolar space and infiltration by polymorphonuclear and phagocytic cells was seen on histological examination. In conclusion, lipid peroxidation could be an important cause of pulmonary injury in acute necrotising pancreatitis.

To determine the effect of humoral factors and their interaction on the development of acute hypoxic pulmonary pressor response (HPPR), we performed studies in 16 mongrel dogs. We measured plasma levels of noradrenaline (NE), angiotensin II (AII), prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α), 6-keto-prostaglandin F1α (6KPGF1α), thromboxane B2 (TXB2), leukotriene B4 (LTB4) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) before, during and after HPPR. Multiple regression analysis showed that the changes of pulmonary arterial systolic pressure (PASP) and pulmonary arterial diastolic pressure (PADP) correlated well with those of plasma concentration of NE, PGF2α and 6KPGF1α, respectively (r were equal to 0.633 and 0.668, respectively, P<0.01). The results of orthogonal experiment analysis with an injection of exogenous NE, PGF2α and PGIα into main pulmonary artery of dogs showed that NE and the interaction of PGF2α and PGI2α increased PASP (P<0.05) and PGI2 attenuated PASP (P<0.01). The interaction of PGF2α and PGI2 and of PGF2α and NE increased PADP(P<0.01) and PGI2 attenuated PADP (P<0.01).

Oligodeoxynucleotides (Oligomers) including modified and unmodified, homo- and heterooligomers were tested for their ability to inhibit mouse SRS leukemia virus (SRSV)-induced proliferation of cells, colony formation, syncytium formation and reverse transcriptase (RT) activity in vitro. Phosphorothioate analogs complementary to Mo-MuLV sequences, as well as noncomplementary homooligomers, were found to be active. Unmodified homooligomer (dC14) also showed inhibition of growth of ascitic lymphoma carrying SRS virus. Our study suggests that different classes of oligonucleotides may inhibit SRSV replication with different mechanisms.

Brain alveococcosis is a rare but threatening disease. In most cases, it metastasized to the brain with late liver or lung alveococcosis. In 14 cases, 8 were secondary, and 6 primary. Nine were treated operatively, 2 medically and 3 proved by autopsy. Eleven cases were monomassive, 2 were multifocal and 1 was extra-cerebral in the cranial base. According to our experiences, extirpation is a radical method, and can improve the cerebral function confirmed by BEAM. Long-period use of albendazole showed calcified lesions of CT and disappearance of clinical symptoms.