1991年 · 第104卷第01期

Reference strains of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), non-ETEC, and other enteropathogenic bacteria were used to prove the reliability of LT-DNA gene hybridization. In the test, LT-DNA gene hybridization was compared with plate immunohemolytic test (PIHT) in identifying LT-ETEC. The results obtained by both methods showed no significant differences. 791 strains of E. coli isolated from 1,875 children with acute diarrhea in Taiyuan Children's Hospital were examined for LT-ETEC by LT-DNA gene hybridization and PIHT. 289 strains examined by LT-DNA gene hybridization were LT positive, while 205 strains examined by PIHT were LT positive. Three different assays were done: colony hybridization, PIHT and fecal direct blot hybridization on each of 74 fecal specimens from children with acute diarrhea. It was found that identification of LT-ETEC using fecal direct blot hybridization is a simple, sensitive and more practical method.

The long-term prognosis and causes of death of myocardial infarction (MI) in 62 diabetics were studied. The mean follow-up time was 6.2 years, 11 patients died in the acute stage of MI, 9 of them (81.8%) had anterior infarction and their major causes of death were ventricular fibrillation and cardiogenic shock (72.2%). 19 died in the follow-up period, 14 of them (73.68%) had inferior and anterior septal infarction; and most died of reinfarction and sudden death. The cumulative survival rate 1, 2 and 5 years after MI was 80.7%, 71.9% and 57.9%, respectively. The results suggest that treatment and prevention of MI in patients with diabetes be more attentive to prevent ventricular fibrillation and cardiogenic shock during the acute stage and in the later stage more attention should be paid to preventing reinfarction. At any stage of the disease, strict diabetic control is of vital importance.

In order to know the incidence of risk factors predisposing children to pneumonia, case control study was carried out in six MCH Model Counties in 1986. Single factor analysis showed 29 factors were responsible for the increasing incidence of pneumonia. 13 of 29 factors were major pneumonia risk factors by the standard of means ≥ 15 and OR ≥ 3. They were malnutrition, anemia, riskets, pneumonia history, repeated colds, chronic diarrhoea, congenital malformation, asphyxia neonatorum, amniotic fluid aspiration, artificial feeding, too much clothing, family member with acute respiratory illness (ARI) and contact with ARI patients. Among them 7 factors were related to individual health condition. Therefore, it is important to improve general health of children so as to reduce the incidence of pneumonia.

Rats and dogs experimentally infected with Clonorchias sinensis metacercariae were treated orally with albendazole. Necropsy done seven days after treatment revealed that the worm reduction rates were 83.6% and 96.8% respectively. Clinically, 131 patients were treated with 3 different dosage regimens in 3 study groups. In patients receiving 5 mg/kg b.i.d. for 7 consecutive days, the stool egg negative conversion rates 1-month and 6-month post treatment were 90% and 92.6%, while in patients receiving 10 mg/kg b.i.d. for 7 consecutive days the rate were both 100%. In another group of patients receiving 10 mg/kg b.i.d. for 3 consecutive days, the 1-month and 3-month average stool egg conversion rates after treatment were only 40.0% and 28.3% respectively. The side reactions of albendazole were mild and transient. The liver and renal function tests, electrocardiography and blood and urine examinations showed no remarkable changes before and after treatment. The therapeutic effect of albendazole is comparable to praziquantel. It has the advantage of clearing various intestinal helminthic infections simultaneously, very low toxicity, excellent tolerance and relatively low cost, though its treatment course for clonorchiasis needs 7 days.

When the leukemia cells in 14 patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) were induced by all-trans retinoic acid (RA) treatment, the activity of protein kinase C (PKC) increased with the differentiation. In the control cells, the activity of PKC was only 47±39.3 pmol.mg-1/min, while it was 149.3±150.1 pmol.mg-1/min after differentiation. There were 90.1±7.2% promyelocytes in the control group, and 8.9±5.6% in the induction group. Therefore, we think that there is a close correlation between PKC and the differentiation of promyelocytic leukemia cells.

It was shown by flow cytometry analysis that crystalized preparation of Cordyceps sinensis (Cs-Cr) caused significant elevation of the number of T helper cells and Lyt-1/Lyt-2 (T helper to T suppressor cell) ratio both in peripheral blood and the treated mice spleen. The spleen weight, phagocyte counts and phagocytic activity were also elevated in the treated group. In addition, Cs-Cr could protect T helper cells from the immunosuppressive effects of prednisolone acetate and cyclophosphamide. These results further substantiate the fact that Cs-Cr is an immunoregulator/biological response modifier of cellular immunity and may be potentially useful in handling immunodeficient or immunosuppressed patients.

Clinically, 32 cases of intrahepatic cholestasis and 30 cases of severe chronic hepatitis with a bilirubin level higher than 171 μmol/L were studied. The results showed that bilirubin was 420 μmol/L in the first group, and 480 μmol/L in the second group (P>0.05); TXB2 was 306 pg/ml and 271 pg/ml (P>0.05) while PGF1α was 253 pg/ml and 494 pg/ml (P<0.05) respectively, both were higher than their normal values (P<0.01). The cases were divided into acute, moderate and severe types according to their pathological lesions. Experimentally, intra- and extrahepatic cholestasis and necrotic liver tissues were induced by ANIT, ligation of common bile duct, and carbon tetrachloride respectively. Bilirubin was 629 μmol/L, 124.8 μmol/L, and lower than 17.1 μmol/L (P<0.01); plasma TXB2 was 634 pg/ml, 1036 pg/ml, and 239 pg/ml (P<0.01); PGF1α was 186 pg/ml, 218 pg/ml, and 868 pg/ml (P<0.01) in the three groups respectively. No statistic difference was found in their TXB2 and PGF1α. Our studies suggested that plasma TXB2 and PGF1α in the liver was not related to the severity of liver lesions. TXB2 and PGF1α are positively correlated with the increase of bilirubin while TXB2 is negatively correlated with PGF1α, which might serve as an index for cholestasis, and be a cause for deepening jaundice.

Salmonella typhi (S typhi) infected models were established to evaluate the latex agglutination test (LAT) and staphylococcal coagglutination test (SCT) for the detection of S typhi Vi antigen in blood and urine. Antigens in serum or urine were detected within 7 days after infection with positive cultures, and decreased in 2 weeks. LAT and SCT were positive in 7 mice with no bacteria isolation from blood and urine but their spleen aspirates yielded S typhi. Both tests are rapid and sensitive and may be used for the diagnosis of typhoid infection, especially in partially treated patients when their blood cultures are negative.

Twenty patients with various forms of lymphedema were studied by indirect lymphography. Isovist, a new non-ionic, water-soluble, dimeric contrast media, was used for intradermal infusion. Simultaneous indirect lymphography showed characteristic patterns of lymphatics. The initial lymphatics were visualized by intradermal infusion of the newly developed isovist. However, they were not opacified with direct lymphography unless in the presence of valvular insufficiency. No systemic side-effects were observed except for a feeling of discomfort at the injection site. The results showed that indirect lymphography with intradermal infusion of Isovist is useful for demonstrating dermal lymph vessels and for the diagnosis of lymphedema.

An ovarian gynandroblastoma was found in a 59-year-old woman. The tumor consisting of mixed Sertoli-Leydig cells and granulosa-theca cells demonstrated no malignant features. Bisexual cells in gynandroblastoma derived from a common gonadal mesenchyme precursor or indifferent cell. The excision of appendages with tumor or hysterectomy was sufficient.

Multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma (MCRCC), and its pathological characteristics and roentgenological and B-mode ultrasonographic appearances are described. MCRCC, a special renal carcinoma, can be divided into localized and diffused forms.