1989年 · 第102卷第04期

Of 1 344 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated during 1961-1965 at the Shanghai Cancer Hospital, 367 who sarvived over 10 years after radiation therapy, were analysed. The results showed that the patients with stage Ⅰ, Ⅱ nasopharyngeal carcinoma and those with stage Ⅲ, Ⅳ, the 10-year survival rates were 41.5% and 22.8% respectively, the overall 10-year survival rate being 27.3%. The 10-year survival rate was higher for female patients than for males, and was not related to the age of the patients and the pathological type of this carcinoma. The optimal tumor dosage was thought to be 60-70 Gy 350(95.4%) out of the 367 patients received radiotherapy only once. The rest received repeated irradiation for recurrence. For the reirradiated patients, the 10-year survival rate was 13.5%. Most recurrences occurred 5 years after radin-therapy (12/17), and only 5 within 3 years.

Fifty-six patients with parotid masses, benign tumors in 22, malignant tumors 26 and other diseases 8, were examined by CT scan, which can differentiate intrinsic from extrinsic parotid lesions, especially deep lobe from parapharyngeal tumors and typical benign tumors from malignant ones, but may fail to differentiate aggressive benign tumors from low-grade malignant ones. CT sialography was done to detect the relation between the trunk of the facial nerves and tumor according to the band of normal parotid tissue between the tumor and posterior border of the mandibular ramus, and incremental dynamic CT with intravenous bolus injection of contrast medium to detect the relation between the tumor and carotid sheath. We conclude that the images of CT sialography are much better than those of plain CT and intravenous enhancement CT.

The entire organ of Corti on guinea pigs were observed by SEM, which has a high resolving power and can be used for a three dimensional study on the fine structure of the cochlea. After the animals were sacrificed, primary perfusion with 3% glutaraldehyde through the oval and round windows was completed in 5 minutes and with l% OsO4 for the next fixation. After microdissection, the entire organ of Corti was exposed and remained on the modiolus. The OTO technique and critical point drying were used to prepare SEM specimens. The organ of Corti of guinea pig was found to be very similar to that of human being. The basilar membrane widened from the base to the apex of the cochlea. The sensory hair cells, inner and outer, had different appearances marked by shallow U-shaped IHC and W-shaped OHC cilia. The longest layer of OHC cilia left imprints on the undersurface of the tectorial membrane. The relationship between the hair cells and supporting were cells shown. We conclude that the whole specimen of the organ of Corti is more advantageous than piece specimens in acoustic physiological and pathological research by integrated anatomical pattern.

An epidemiological comparative study on dietary patterns and poWlation means of blood pressure was undertaken in 10 groups (3 of workers, 6 of farmers, 1 of fishermen) of adult males and females of northeast, north, south, middle and east China. Standardized methods and record forms were used for blood pressure measurements and 24-hr dietary recall interviews. Simple correlation and linear regression, multiple regression (adjusted for age, sex and body mass index) and ridge regression were used to analyze the relationship of dietary electrolytes and animal protein to blood pressure. The results show a significant negative association of mean daily intake of Ca and animal protein with population mean blood pressure. Excluding the fishermen's group, mean daily intake of Na showed significant positive association with both systolic and diastolic blood pressure. The Chinese diet should probably be improved, increasing Ca and animal protein and cutting salt to a much lower level.

Iliac bone specimens of 49 normal Chinese subjects were studied. A series of bone histomorphometric parameters were analysed, including mean trabecular width, trabecular bone volume, mean trabecular plate thickness, mean trabcular plate density and mean trabecular plate spacing. The data suggest that there are close correlations of these parameters with aging. The correlations are very significant between mean trabecular width and trabecular bone volume and mean trabecular plate thickness.

To develop a more comprehensive index for predicting the prognous of liver cirrhosis. 300 consecutive patients with cirrhosis were studied in terms of survival from 1975 t0 1986. Median follow-up period was 5.3 years. A multivariable survival analysis (Cox's regression model) using clinical biochemical data obtained at admission disclosed eight factors of value in predicting prognosis: age, frequency of previous GI bleeding, ascites, hepatic encephalopathy, serum albumin, serum bilirubin, hemoglobin and prothrombin time. A prognostic index was constructed for the calculation of the estimated survival probability.

Using ambulatory electrocardiography (AE), the spontaneous variability in 40 cases of chronic stable premature ventricular complexes (PVCs) was studied. The mean hourly PVC frequencies over 24 hours ranged 2-1 682. When analysing pooled data, there was significant variance between different monitoring periods and between patients as well. The most appropriate duration of AE recording was found to be 24 hours. The lower the mean hourly PVC frequencles, the bigger the coefficient of variation. Using linean regression analysis, the reduction of PVC frequency attributable to spontaneous variability with 95% confidence intervals ranged from 59 to 8l% being related to the number of hospitalization days. Clinically, to evaluate antiarrhythmic drug efficacy, one should assess the reduction in PVC frequency of spontaneous variability advance, and a greater reduction rate is required to be considered as true drug effect. The previous fixed standard for assessing an antiarrhythmic drug response is no longer advisable.

This paper reports that 300 HBsAg positives were distributed in 262 families. 14 of the 262 families had two or more HBsAg positives. In the 14 families, 7 showed the same subtype HBsAg, probably due to HBV infection from family source. Another 7 families showed HBsAg of different subtypes, definitely due to infections from the community.

Using the thyroid microsomal antigen (TMAg) prepared by affinity chromatographygel filtration method of sufficient purity, we measured the TM antibody (TMAb) level by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in 103 normal persons and 183 patients with various thyroid disorders (Hashimoto's thyroiditis, Graves' disease, hypothyroidism, subacute thyroiditis, thyroid cancer, thyroid adenoma and simple goiter). The thyroglobulin antibody (TCAb). T3 and T4 were also measured at the same time. Based on the measurement of TMAb and TGAb of the thyroid diseases and analysis of their incidences and titer, our data strongly support that ELISA using purified TM and TG is a very useful and promising method for diagnosis and distinguishing autoimmune from non-autoimmune thyroid disease, and also can be employed in monitoring the development and studying the pathogenesis of the disease. We found that there is a negative correlation between TMAb titer and T3, T4 values (P<0.01) which has not been reported before in the literature. According to the result of the study, we suggest an immunological classification of thyroid diseases.

External counter-pulsation therapy was applied to 12 cases of progressive muscular dystrophy with effects of varying degressive markably effective in 3 cases, effective in 6, improved in 2 and no effect in one. In 11 of 12 cases the atrophic muscles became normal, in 3 of 8 cases the gastrocnemius softened and in 9 of 10 cases creatine phosphokinase greatly reduced. Electron microscopy found that the ultramicrostructure of the diseased muscles greatly improved, the structure and morphology of most mitochondria became normal, and glycogenesis disappeared.