1988年 · 第101卷第12期

The effect of anisodamine on prostaglandin synthesis in cultured cells was studied. The cadotoxin-induced synthesis of cyclooxygenase products including 6-keto-PGF1α, PGF2α and TXB in mouse resident peritoneal macrophages was dose dependently inhibited by anisodaminc. Preincubation of macrophages with anisodamine for 2 hours significantly decreased subsequent endotoxin-induced production of 6-keto-PGF1α and TXB2. In the 3H-arachidonic acid prelabelled bovine aorta endothelial cells, both the release of 3H-labelled compounds and the production of 6-keto-PGF1α were inhibited by anisodamine. It is suggested that anisodamine directly inhibits endotoxin-induced prostaglandin synthesis in cultured cells and its site of action might be the cyclooxygenase reaction or, nwre likely, deesterification of arachidonic acid from cellular lipids.

A case of human pregnancy and birth after transfer of a donated embryo fertilized in vitro is reported. The ovulatory cycles of the donor and recipient were synchronized by induction of ovulation. The donor was a 29-year-old woman with primary infertility, from whom 11 oocytes were recovered after stimulation with gonadotropins. The recipient was a 29-year-old woman with secondary infertility because of bilateral tubal ligation performed nine years ago and she failed in a trial of the in vitro fertilization program. Six of the 11 oocytes from the donor were fertilized and underwent cleavage. Three of the six embryos were returned to the donor and the others were transferred to the recipient. No pregnancy occurred in the donor but pregnancy was confirmed in the recipient and a normal healthy male baby weighing 3 000 g was safely born. Key issues and indications of donated embryo transfer are discussed in detail.

L-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) was used to produce thesus monkey parkin-sonian animal models. We also studied the mechanism of action of MPTP by testing with monoaminc oxidase B (MAO-B) inhibitor, L-deprenyl, and a neuropeptide, L-prolyl-L-leucyl-glycinamide (PLG), against MPTP neurotoxicity. The experimental results indicate that MPTP can produce a useful rhesus monkey parkinsonian animal model. Pretreatment with L-deprenyl can effectively prevent MPTP neurotoxicity, and the mechanism of action of L-deprenyl against MPTP seem to be blocking of MPTP conversion to 1 methyl-4-phenyl-pyridinium (MPP) by inhibiting MAO-B activity. Whether PLG can prevent or alleviate MPTP neurotoxicity remains to be studied.

Degeneration and rupture of lumbar intervertebral disc are one of the important causes of lumbar and lower extremity pains. The diagnosis should be confirmed by clinical manifestations, roentgenography, ultrasonic examination, etc. Operative removal of the diseased disc is the accepted method of cure when nonoperative measures fail to give satisfactory results. This paper gives a detailed description of the procedure of anterior extraperitoneal lumbar discectomy. It has the advantages of relatively small operative trauma, better field exposure, minimal hemorrhage, enhanced safety, reduced operative complications, and shortened period of recovery. It is therefore recommended as one of the optimal methods in the surgical treatment of lumbar intervertebral disc syndrome.

Sixty-five autopsied cases of choriocarcinoma and invasive mole were clinicopathologically analyzed. In 4 cases of invasive mole, metastatic growths were found mainly in the lungs and brain. In 61 cases of choriocarcinoma 49.2% had hydatidform mole in an antecedent pregnancy and 13.1% had term pregnancy or abortion preceded by hydatidiform mole. The primary growths which disappeared in 11 cases were choriocacinoma following hydatidiform mole. The incidence of metastases to lung was 100%; to brain, 60%; to vagina, 44.3%; to kidney, 34.4%; to spleen, 29.5%; to liver, 27.9%; to pelvic cavity, 21.3%; and to parametrium, 18.0%. Metastases to stomach, intestine, thyroid, skin, etc. appeared only in the late stages of the disease.

The sagital diameter of the cervical spinal canal (CSC) in 50 subjects and of lumbar spinal canal (LSC) in 60 was measured by CT. The results showed that the spinal canal diameter in Chinese was shorter than that in Europeans and Americans. Thus normal values for the latter were applicable to the former. A value of 11 mm was suggested as the normal lower limit in CSC measurement in Chinese. Classification of lumbar canal stenosis into "absolute" and "relative" is recommended.

The task of the Sino-Monica-Beijing study is to monitor the trend and determinants of cardiovascular diseases in the People's Republic of China from 1984 to 1993 as a part of the WHO Monica Project. Risk factors were studied. A total of 1 673 individuals were surveyed in 1984-85, with a response rate of 88%. The mean total serum cholesterol was 160.5mg/dl in males and 162.8mg/dl in females aged 25-64 years. The prevalence rate of established hypertension was 20.60% in males and 15.3% in females. The smoking rate was 59% in men and 14% in women. The average value of weight/height index was 23.2 in men, and 23.9 in women.

The metabolites of prostacyclin (PGI2) and thromboxane A2 (TXA2), 6-keto-PGF1α and TXB2, of maternal plasma, umbilical vessels and placental tissue in patients with pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) and essential hypertension complicated by pregnancy were measured and the results compared with those in patients with normal pregnancy. The 6-keto-PGF1α contents of maternal plasma, umbilical vessels and placental tissue in patients with PIH were significantly lower than those in patients with normal pregnancy, but the TXB2 contents revealed no significant difference between the groups. The role of the two prostanoids in the pathogenesis of PIH is discussed.

Experience in selective spinal cord arteriography in 17 cases is reported. 10 were cord arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) and 7 cord tumors. 15 were verified by surgery and pathology. Selective spinal cord arteriography plays an important role in diagnosing cord AVM, as it helps to locate them. Pathologic vessels are also shown in all but 2 cases of cord tumors. Meticulous and careful catheterization and familiarity with the anatomy of the cord vessels are prerequisites for success. The procedure is safe and no severe complications occurred in any of our cases.

To determine the effects of infarct artery recanalization and collateral circulation on myocardial infarct size and left ventricular (LV) function, 44 patients with first transmural myocardial infarction underwent left ventriculography and coronary arteriography. The QRS score was used to measure the infarct size. Patients with patent infarct artery (Group I, 18 cases) and those with totally obstructed infarct artery with collateral vessels (Group II, 13 cases) had lower QRS score and less severe abnormal LV wall motion and higher LV ejection fraction than patients with totally occluded infarct artery without collateral vessels (Group III, 13 cases). The study indicates that the residual blood flow by way of either infarct artery recanalization or coronary collaterals may play an important role in the reduction of myocardial infarct size and preservation of LV function in patients with myocardial infarction.