1988年 · 第101卷第04期

Chromosomal analysis of blood cultures and amniotic fluid cultures of 1633 patients were per-formed in our laboratory from December 1979 to December 1985. 161 (9.86%) chromosomal abnormalities were found. As far as we know, 25 kinds (34 cases) of abnormalities are reported for the first time in China, and 16 (21 cases) have not yet appeared in the world literature.

A survey of hemoglobinopathies and thalassemia among 699 persons of the Dai nationality of southern China's Yunnan province is reported. A 13.3% frequency of abnormality including 6 abnormal Hb variants were observed.

This article reports histochemical and immuno-histochemical studies on 50 cases of gastric mucous cell carcinoma. The purpose was to explore the mucinous antigenicity of gastric cancer by monoclonal antibodies to small and large intestinal mucin antigens (SIMA and LIMA), and to find the relationship between mucinous antigens and sulphomucin, O-acetyl (O-ac) sialomucin. The results demonstrate that 98% of stomach mucous cell carcinomas are of mixed gastrointestinal type representing different secretory phases of the same cancer cells and therefore indicating that the features of macin are not strictly related with the histological type of gastric cancer. By the HID/AB method, 82% of gastric cancer were HID+, using the PATS/KOH/PAS method, O-ac sialomucin was found in 76%; and by the immunoperoxidase method, large bowel mucinous antigen was found in 60%. The mentioned three stains were positive in 46%, and HID positive but O-ac and LIMA negative formed only 4%. This shows that there is a close relationship between HID positive sulphomucin and LIMA. The results suggest that the gastric carcinoma cell mucin resembles colonic mucin.

Ultrastructural changes of leukemic ceITts after antileukemic chemotherapy in 5 cases of various types of acute leukemia are reported. The findings were dramatic, both by scanning and transmission electron microscope, particularly scanning EM. A number of changes were discovered in patients sensitive to chemotherapy by SEM. These included diversities of cell morphology, deformities of cell membrane microvilli, disrupted and/or resolved cell membranes, etc. Almost 90% of the leukemic cells manifested such changes in patients highly sensitive to chemotherapy. Comparative changes were also found by TEM. So it can probably be concluded that ultrastructural changes of leukemic cells after antileukemic chemotherapy are good criteria for judging drug sensitivity in acute leukemia treatment.

This paper reports two cases of "Torsades de pointes" ventricular tachyarrhythmia (TPVT) in particular form. The electrocardiographic characteristics showed the presence of abnormally short coupling intervals of premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) as well as the PVCs initiating tachycardias in the setting of normal QT intervals. The tachycardias were susceptible to verapamil and refractory to other antiarrhythmic agents. Either triggered activity or re-entry due to slow inward current is considered for the mechanism of this type of tachyarrhythmia.

By ANAE histochemical and immunocytochemical technics, marked elevation of T lymphocytes and IgG-, IgM- and IgA-producing cells were observed in 53 chronic gastritis patients as compared with those of 19 normal adult controls. Predominant anti-body-producing cells were found in the lamina pro-pria of normal controls. The mean value ratio of total antibody-producing cells (115±45 cells/mm2) to T lymphocytes (19±10 cells/mm2) was 6:1. Among B lymphocytes, the ratio of IgG-, IgM- and IgA-producing cells was 31:14:55. In 24 patients with superficial gastritis, IgM- and IgA-producing cells markedly increased to 2.7 and 2.4 fold that in the normal controls. This suggests that the pathogenesis of superficial gastritis is possibly related to infection by bacteria, viruses or other micro-organisms. In 29 patients with B type astrophicgastritis, T lymphocytes and IgG-producing cells were 6.1 and 7.0 fold those in normal controls, which indicates that local immunological reaction may be related to the pathogenesis of B type atrophic gastritis also.

Visual evoked potential (VEP) topography is an equipotential mapping calculated from multichannel VEP with the help of a two dimension interpolating function. The mapping is easy to read and reliable. The authors recorded checkerboard reversal VEP topography of 30 patients suffering from tumor in region of sella turcica, of them 23 cases showed crossed asymmetry on monocular full field VEP mapping or absence of VEP, and only 2 patients had significant increase of P100 latency. Among 4 patients who had no gross visual field defects, 2 also showed abnormality on VEP topography. It indicates that VEP topography has more advantages than perimeter to diagnose early compression of visual pathway and has clinical utility in this area. When CT finding is not compatible with patient's clinical manifestation,VEP could be used to evaluate the functional change of optic pathway and thus contribute to correct diagnosis. Crossed asymmetry on full field topography could be considered as a reliable indication of chiasmal lesion.

Human tumor tissue was incubated in the presence of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdUrd). The S-phase(DNA synthesizing) cells which incorporated with BrdUrd were detected by monoclonal antibody against BrdUrd and immunohistochemistry. The DNA synthesizing cells were also determined from a portion of the same tissue by classical tritiated thymidine (3HdThd) labeling and autoradiography. The results of BrdUrd labeling index (BrdUrd-LI) and tritiated thymidine labeling index (3HdThd-LI) obtained from the same tissue were compared. The mean BrdUrd-LI and 3HdThd-LI were quite comparable, 10.8±1.4% and 10.2±1.1%. This technic offers a fast and relatively simple alternative method for determining human tumor LI.

The mechanism and clinical significance of abnormal metabolism of zinc and copper in liver cirrhosis patients are a problem to clinical workers. We performed experiments on 30 healthy dogs and studied 35 liver cirrhosis patients with portal hypertension who underwent either limited side-to-side portacaval shunt or nonshunt procedures, in order to investigate the effect of changes in portal hemo-dynamics on zinc and copper metabolism, and methods for their correction. The results showed that liver cirrhosis patients present with zinc deficiency and copper accumulation, and the concentration of zinc closely correlates with the liver function. Serum and liver zinc concentration are decreased after portacaval shunt, the rate and duration of decrease are associated with the stomal size. Oral zinc can increase the zinc level, decrease copper accumulation, improve liver function and protect hepatocytes from ischemic injury after portacaval shunt.

Resection of the posterior structure of the lumbar spine is one of the common operations. Conflicting views exist on the effect of this surgical procedure on lumbar spine stability. Nine functional spinal units (FSU) were divided into Groups A (normal FSU), B (total laminectomy and partial facetectomy) and C (total laminectomy and total facetectomy) and tested with the FSUs in the supine and standing positions while being subjected to loads. Displacement and rotation of sagittal planes and compression strengths were measured. The experiment showed that there were highly significant differences (p<0.01) or significant differences (p<0.05) between the 3 groups. It is suggested that the posterior structures be damaged minimally while bringing about thorough decompression and that lumbar spine stability be preserved or reconstructed.