Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is a gram-negative conditional pathogen widely present in nature and in hospital settings. With the widespread application of broad-spectrum antibacterial drugs and immunosuppressants and the increasing number of invasive operations, the isolation rate of this bacterium is increasing year by year, and it has become one of the important pathogens of nosocomial acquired infections, ranking third in clinical isolation of non-fermenting bacteria. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia has weak pathogenicity, and its infection often appears in patients with low immunity and critical condition. It can cause lung infection, bloodstream infection, skin and soft tissue infection, abdominal infection, intracranial infection, urinary tract infection, etc. in patients with low immunity. At the same time, the bacteria are usually inherently resistant to a variety of antibacterial drugs, which brings challenges to clinical anti-infective treatment and infection prevention and control. At present, there are many confusions in the diagnosis, treatment, prevention and control of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia infection, and there is a lack of scientific, standardized and operational guiding literature. Formulating expert consensus on this problem will standardize and improve the diagnosis, treatment, prevention and control of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia infection in China.
