With the aging of society and the increasing number of patients with cognitive impairment and dementia, neuropsychological assessment has become an important tool in clinical and scientific research of neurology. The neuropsychological manifestations of cognitive impairment and dementia can be divided into three parts: cognitive dysfunction, social and daily ability decline, and mental behavioral symptoms. In clinical and research, neuropsychological assessment is mainly aimed at these three parts. The writing group made reference to recent clinical studies, meta-analyses and systematic reviews published at home and abroad, based on the results of evidence-based medicine, and combined with the actual situation in China, compiled the scale selection for neuropsychological assessment. The literature evidence level and recommendation strength criteria can be found in the article "Chinese Guidelines for Dementia and Cognitive Impairment: Dementia Diagnosis Process" in the series published in this journal (see pages 577-581 of this journal, Volume 91, Issue 9, 2011).
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